Article
Immunology
Yu Fan, Do-Hee Kim, Young Seob Gwak, Danbi Ahn, Yeonhee Ryu, Suchan Chang, Bong Hyo Lee, Kyle B. Bills, Scott C. Steffensen, Chae Ha Yang, Hee Young Kim
Summary: Acupuncture, used for over 2500 years, triggers acupuncture signaling and effects through the release of neuropeptides during neurogenic inflammation, enhancing sensory afferents' responses to needling at acupoints.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wafaa B. Alsoussi, Sameer Kumar Malladi, Julian Q. Zhou, Zhuoming Liu, Baoling Ying, Wooseob Kim, Aaron J. Schmitz, Tingting Lei, Stephen C. Horvath, Alexandria J. Sturtz, Katherine M. McIntire, Birk Evavold, Fangjie Han, Suzanne M. Scheaffer, Isabella F. Fox, Senaa F. Mirza, Luis Parra-Rodriguez, Raffael Nachbagauer, Biliana Nestorova, Spyros Chalkias, Christopher W. Farnsworth, Michael K. Klebert, Iskra Pusic, Benjamin S. Strnad, William D. Middleton, Sharlene A. Teefey, Sean P. J. Whelan, Michael S. Diamond, Robert Paris, Jane A. O'Halloran, Rachel M. Presti, Jackson S. Turner, Ali H. Ellebedy
Summary: Boosting with COVID-19 vaccines induces robust immune responses and can generate new antibody responses targeting variant-specific epitopes. The B cells involved in the immune response can mature and produce antibodies that recognize the original virus as well as the variants.
Article
Cell Biology
Philip Barrett, Tom J. Quick, Vivek Mudera, Darren J. Player
Summary: This study aimed to generate and characterize intrafusal bag and chain myotubes from differentiated C2C12 myoblasts using the addition of Neuregulin 1 protein. The results showed that Nrg-1 treatment increased the number of intrafusal bag myotubes and enhanced the expression of the specific transcription factor Egr3. Additionally, Nrg-1 treatment had a proliferative effect during the serum starvation-initiated differentiation phase. Although there was no clear evidence for specific intrafusal development, Nrg-1 treated myotubes exhibited some characteristics of intrafusal fibres, such as increased satellite cell numbers and smaller myonuclear domains.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kyung Ah Woo, Joo Hong Joun, Eun Jin Yoon, Chan Young Lee, Beomseok Jeon, Yu Kyeong Kim, Jee-Young Lee
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between monoaminergic degeneration and ocular motor abnormalities in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. The results showed that saccadic accuracy was related to motor severity, while latency was related to cognitive function. Degeneration in the anterior and posterior putamen was associated with reduced saccadic accuracy, while degeneration in the dorsal raphe was associated with decreased smooth pursuit gain.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erika Davidoff Aguas, Abdul-Rahman Azizogli, Jatin Kashyap, Joseph Dodd-o, Zain Siddiqui, Jay Sy, Vivek Kumar
Summary: Chronic inflammation can lead to autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. CCL2, also known as MCP-1, plays a crucial role in the progression of these diseases by attracting monocytes to the site of injury and promoting inflammation. In this study, computational modeling techniques were used to design high-affinity peptide binders for CCL2, with the aim of preventing its binding to CCR2 and reducing inflammation. Further analysis and experiments are needed to validate the accuracy of this computational approach in designing CCL2 cytokine binders.
ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Talene A. Yacoubian, Yu-Hua Dean Fang, Adam Gerstenecker, Amy Amara, Natividad Stover, Lauren Ruffrage, Christopher Collette, Richard Kennedy, Yue Zhang, Huixian Hong, Hongwei Qin, Jonathan McConathy, Etty N. Benveniste, David G. Standaert
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the presence of brain and systemic inflammation in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. The results showed increased central inflammation in de novo PD patients and its correlation with cognitive decline. These findings suggest that inflammation may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of PD.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Dan Levy, Michael A. Moskowitz
Summary: Migraine is a complex neurovascular pain disorder associated with the meninges and trigeminal nerve. The trigeminal nerve, which innervates the meninges, can trigger headaches similar to migraines when stimulated around blood vessels. Interactions between trigeminal afferents, neuropeptides, and meningeal tissues cause neurogenic inflammation, a key target for migraine therapies. This review emphasizes the importance of the cranial meninges, discusses trigeminal meningeal afferents, and explores emerging concepts like meningeal neuroimmune interactions.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Marios Koutsakos, Arnold Reynaldi, Wen Shi Lee, Julie Nguyen, Thakshila Amarasena, George Taiaroa, Paul Kinsella, Kwee Chin Liew, Thomas Tran, Helen E. Kent, Hyon-Xhi Tan, Louise C. Rowntree, Thi H. O. Nguyen, Paul G. Thomas, Katherine Kedzierska, Jan Petersen, Jamie Rossjohn, Deborah A. Williamson, David Khoury, Miles P. Davenport, Stephen J. Kent, Adam K. Wheatley, Jennifer A. Juno
Summary: By analyzing the cellular immune response in previously vaccinated individuals infected with Delta or Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2, researchers found that spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells were rapidly activated and contributed to the control of viral replication.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Talene A. Yacoubian, Yu-Hua Dean Fang, Adam Gerstenecker, Amy Amara, Natividad Stover, Lauren Ruffrage, Christopher Collette, Richard Kennedy, Yue Zhang, Huixian Hong, Hongwei Qin, Jonathan McConathy, Etty N. Benveniste, David G. Standaert
Summary: This study aimed to assess the presence of brain and systemic inflammation in subjects newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD). The results showed increased central inflammation in de novo PD subjects compared to controls, and the presence of inflammation may predict cognitive decline.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sarah A. Hindson, H. Adrian Bunzel, Bettina Frank, Dimitri A. Svistunenko, Christopher Williams, Marc W. van der Kamp, Adrian J. Mulholland, Christopher R. Pudney, J. L. Ross Anderson
Summary: This study explores the impact of conformational sampling on enzyme activity, demonstrating that 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) can increase enzyme stability and activity while affecting the temperature-activity profile. Macromolecular rate theory (MMRT) is used to understand enzyme temperature dependence data, revealing similarities between a natural peroxidase and the de novo enzyme in terms of thermodynamics and protein dynamics. The addition of TFE causes the de novo enzyme to behave more like the natural enzyme, suggesting strategies for enhancing biocatalytic activity by manipulating protein rigidity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caterina Bartolacci, Cristina Andreani, Goncalo Vale, Stefano Berto, Margherita Melegari, Anna Colleen Crouch, Dodge L. Baluya, George Kemble, Kurt Hodges, Jacqueline Starrett, Katerina Politi, Sandra L. Starnes, Daniele Lorenzini, Maria Gabriela Raso, Luisa M. Solis Soto, Carmen Behrens, Humam Kadara, Boning Gao, Ignacio I. Wistuba, John D. Minna, Jeffrey G. McDonald, Pier Paolo Scaglioni
Summary: Mutant KRAS is associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer and promotes lipid metabolism. This study reveals that fatty acid synthesis is crucial for the viability of mutant KRAS lung cancer cells. Blocking fatty acid synthesis or the Lands cycle promotes ferroptosis, a type of cell death characterized by the accumulation of oxidation-prone phospholipids. Mutant KRAS makes lung cancer cells more reliant on newly synthesized fatty acids.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ya-Di Wang, Liang-Liang Wu, Yun-Ni Mai, Kai Wang, Yi Tang, Qi-Yu Wang, Jiao-Yang Li, Li-Yan Jiang, Zhe-Zhen Liao, Can Hu, Yuan-Yuan Wang, Jing-Jing Liu, Jiang-Hua Liu, Xin-Hua Xiao
Summary: miR-32 plays an important role in lipid metabolism and targeting miR-32 could be a promising therapeutic approach for NAFLD treatment.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ying Zhao, Duoyuan Chen, Jianping Tang, Yufang Zheng, Ji Qi, Hongyan Wang
Summary: Dietary folate deficiency can lead to genome instability and birth defects. A study using mice found that a folate-deficient diet for two generations increased the rate of de novo mutations and suggested that these mutations accumulate in gamete cells. The study also indicated that both maternal and paternal folate supplementation may be necessary and beneficial in preventing birth defects.
Article
Oncology
Lingyu Han, Weixing Dai, Wenqin Luo, Li Ye, Hongsheng Fang, Shaobo Mo, Qingguo Li, Ye Xu, Renjie Wang, Guoxiang Cai
Summary: The study found that fatty acid synthase (FASN) enhanced resistance to oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer (CRC), and inhibiting FASN could rescue the response to oxaliplatin by regulating MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhixing Zhu, Madhav Bhatia
Summary: Tightly controlled inflammation is necessary for maintaining cellular and organismal homeostasis, while aberrant inflammation has detrimental effects on organ injury. Substance P (SP) exerts proinflammatory effects by activating its functional receptors NK1R and MRGPRX2/B2, leading to the activation of various signaling pathways involved in inflammation. Excessive SP-NK1R or SP-MRGPRX2/B2 signals are implicated in inflammation-associated organ injury. This review summarizes the current knowledge of SP and its receptors, and discusses the emerging roles of the SP-NK1R system and SP-MRGPRX2/B2 system in inflammation and injury in multiple organs resulting from different pathologies. The potential of pharmacological intervention to disrupt the proinflammatory actions of SP for the treatment of inflammatory organ injury is also briefly discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)