Article
Microbiology
Kin Kui Lai, James B. B. Munro, Guoli Shi, Saliha Majdoul, Alex A. A. Compton, Alan Rein
Summary: Serine incorporator 5 (Ser5) is a host antiviral factor against HIV-1, gammaretroviruses, and Influenza A virus (IAV). It inhibits virus-cell fusion by interacting with HA proteins and destabilizing the pre-fusion conformation of IAV HA. This study provides insights into the antiviral mechanism of Ser5.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yura Shin, Jeonghun Kim, Jong Hyeon Seok, Heedo Park, Hye-Ran Cha, Si Hwan Ko, Jae Myun Lee, Man-Seong Park, Jung-Hwan Park
Summary: In this study, H3N2 microneedle vaccines were prepared using HPLC without the use of an antibody, and the cross-protection of the vaccines against multiple antigenic variants was observed. The HPLC method showed good diagnostic performance and agreement with ELISA.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anna Parys, Elien Vandoorn, Jacqueline King, Annika Graaf, Anne Pohlmann, Martin Beer, Timm Harder, Kristien Van Reeth
Summary: A pig farmer in the Netherlands was infected with a Eurasian avian-like swine influenza A(H1N1) virus that was also found in the farmed pigs. Antigenic and genetic characterization of both viruses was conducted. Continued surveillance of swine influenza A viruses is necessary for assessing risks in humans and pigs.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin R. McCarthy, Tarra A. Von Holle, Laura L. Sutherland, Thomas H. Oguin, Gregory D. Sempowski, Stephen C. Harrison, M. Anthony Moody
Summary: Immune memory established by initial infection with influenza virus has a lasting imprint on later responses, which differ from those induced by early childhood immunization. A study comparing immune imprints from vaccination and infection in non-human primates found that initial exposure by infection led to strong but limited antibody responses, while initial vaccination elicited weaker but broader binding responses to different HA strains. This suggests that the mode of initial exposure affects the strength and breadth of the immune response.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brianna L. Bullard, Brigette N. Corder, Jennifer DeBeauchamp, Adam Rubrum, Bette Korber, Richard J. Webby, Eric A. Weaver
Summary: In this study, a universal swine H3 influenza vaccine was designed using a computational algorithm, which showed significant cross-reactive antibody and T-cell responses in both murine and swine models. The vaccine demonstrated superior cross-reactive immunity and reduced weight loss and lung viral titers in mice challenged with different swH3 viruses. The findings suggest that this epigraph vaccination strategy should be further investigated as a potential universal swH3 vaccine.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ruipeng Lei, Wooseob Kim, Huibin Lv, Zongjun Mou, Michael J. Scherm, Aaron J. Schmitz, Jackson S. Turner, Timothy J. C. Tan, Yiquan Wang, Wenhao O. Ouyang, Weiwen Liang, Joel Rivera-Cardona, Chuyun Teo, Claire S. Graham, Christopher B. Brooke, Rachel M. Presti, Chris K. P. Mok, Florian Krammer, Xinghong Dai, Ali H. Ellebedy, Nicholas C. Wu
Summary: There is growing recognition of neuraminidase (NA) as a target for influenza vaccines, but its antigenicity is still poorly understood. In this study, we isolated three broadly reactive N2 antibodies from a single vaccine recipient, one of which cross-reacts with NAs from seasonal H3N2 strains spanning five decades. These antibodies confer prophylactic and therapeutic protection in vivo through both Fc effector functions and NA inhibition. Furthermore, the contribution of Fc effector functions to in vivo protection inversely correlates with viral growth inhibition activity in vitro.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Auladell, Hoang Vu Mai Phuong, Le Thi Quynh Mai, Yeu-Yang Tseng, Louise Carolan, Sam Wilks, Pham Quang Thai, David Price, Nguyen Thanh Duong, Nguyen Le Khang Hang, Le Thi Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hong Thuong, Tran Thi Kieu Huong, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Diep, Vu Thi Ngoc Bich, Arseniy Khvorov, Luca Hensen, Tran Nhu Duong, Katherine Kedzierska, Dang Duc Anh, Heiman Wertheim, Scott D. Boyd, Kim L. Good-Jacobson, Derek Smith, Ian Barr, Sheena Sullivan, H. Rogier van Doorn, Annette Fox
Summary: Recent prior influenza A infection enhances antibody responses to subsequent influenza vaccination and broadens the reactivity to different strains. Immunological memory induced by prior infection plays an important role in vaccine responses.
Article
Microbiology
Ekaterina O. Sinegubova, Olga A. Kraevaya, Aleksandrina S. Volobueva, Alexander V. Zhilenkov, Alexander F. Shestakov, Sergey V. Baykov, Pavel A. Troshin, Vladimir V. Zarubaev
Summary: The influenza virus has a high mutation rate, resulting in rapid emergence of drug-resistant strains. Therefore, there is a need for the development of new broad-spectrum antivirals against influenza. This study describes derivatives based on fullerenes that have broad virus inhibiting activities against a panel of influenza viruses. Compound 2, containing residues of salts of 2-amino-3-cyclopropylpropanoic acid, exhibited the highest antiviral activity and lowest toxicity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amy Rice, Sourav Haldar, Eric Wang, Paul S. Blank, Sergey A. Akimov, Timur R. Galimzyanov, Richard W. Pastor, Joshua Zimmerberg
Summary: This study reveals that the synthesized fusion peptides of influenza virus can actively form pores in membranes, explaining the hemolytic activity of the virus and the formation of liposome pores observed in cryo-electron tomography. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the fusion peptides aggregate heterogeneously in the membrane, leading to changes in membrane structure and the formation of hybrid bilayer nanodomains. This research is crucial for understanding membrane poration during viral fusion.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Louisa E. Wallace, Erik de Vries, Frank J. M. van Kuppeveld, Cornelis A. M. de Haan
Summary: This study systematically analyzed the role of sialoglycan-cleaving neuraminidase (NA) in viral entry in relation to sialoglycan-binding hemagglutinin (HA) receptor-binding preference, the receptor repertoire displayed on cells, and the presence of mucus decoy receptors. It was found that the dependency on NA activity for influenza A virus (IAV) entry largely depends on HA, with a2-6 sialoglycan-binding viruses being more inhibited by NA inhibitor than a2-3 sialoglycan-preferring viruses. The results indicate that the receptor-binding properties of HA in combination with the receptor repertoire present on cells determine the dependency of IAV on NA activity for entry.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Zhaoyu Chen, Qinghua Cui, Michael Caffrey, Lijun Rong, Ruikun Du
Summary: This review summarizes the latest advances in the development of small molecule inhibitors targeting HA, including the structural basis and mode of action of these inhibitors, and looks forward to the development of more potent anti-influenza drugs in the future.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eva Garcia-Moro, Jie Zhang, Lesley J. Calder, Nick R. Brown, Steven J. Gamblin, John J. Skehel, Peter B. Rosenthal
Summary: The subunits of influenza hemagglutinin (HA) trill-ter are synthesized as single-chain precursors (HA0s) that are proteolytically cleaved into the disulfide-linked polypeptides HA1 and HA2. Cleavage is required for activation of membrane fusion at low pH. Cryo-EM was used to directly image HA0 at neutral and low pH, revealing extensive structural changes and reversible conformational changes at low pH. These findings have important implications for understanding the mechanism of membrane fusion mediated by cleaved HA and for the development of antiviral drugs and antibodies against influenza.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mengjie Xiao, Bobby Lim-Ho Kong, Yahui Zhang, Yinhua Yang, Jiaqi Lu, Hung-Kay Lee, Fei Cao, Pang-Chui Shaw
Summary: This study isolated six phytochemicals from Ganlanye and found that they have inhibitory effects against influenza A strains. The specific mechanisms of action of three new phenolic glycosides and three known flavonoids were revealed. This study provided more evidence on the anti-influenza effect of Ganlan and laid the foundation for further development of potent NA inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ji Hong Kim, Chae Hwan Cho, Jae Hwan Shin, Moon Seop Hyun, Eunha Hwang, Tae Jung Park, Jong Pil Park
Summary: An electrochemical biosensor was developed to detect the HA protein in the envelope of the influenza virus, using high-affinity peptide-displaying phage particles identified through phage display technology. The sensor showed good performance characteristics, including low limit of detection, high reproducibility, and compatibility with human plasma samples. The sensor system demonstrated advantages such as low cost, rapid analysis, and minimal sample volume requirement, making it suitable for rapid and effective detection of the influenza virus antigen.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Corey Momont, Ha V. V. Dang, Fabrizia Zatta, Kevin Hauser, Caihong Wang, Julia di Iulio, Andrea Minola, Nadine Czudnochowski, Anna De Marco, Kaitlin Branch, David Donermeyer, Siddhant Vyas, Alex Chen, Elena Ferri, Barbara Guarino, Abigail E. Powell, Roberto Spreafico, Samantha S. Yim, Dale R. Balce, Istvan Bartha, Marcel Meury, Tristan I. Croll, David M. Belnap, Michael A. Schmid, William Timothy Schaiff, Jessica L. Miller, Elisabetta Cameroni, Amalio Telenti, Herbert W. Virgin, Laura E. Rosen, Lisa A. Purcell, Antonio Lanzavecchia, Gyorgy Snell, Davide Corti, Matteo Samuele Pizzuto
Summary: The study describes a monoclonal antibody, FNI9, targeting neuraminidase, which can effectively inhibit the enzymatic activity of all group 1 and group 2 influenza A viruses, as well as certain influenza B viruses. FNI9 also shows broad neutralizing activity against seasonal influenza viruses and can synergize with antibodies targeting the hemagglutinin stem. The potent prophylactic activity of FNI9 against lethal influenza A and B virus infections in mice supports its development for the prevention of influenza illness.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Garam Bae, Jeongwon Kim, Hyojin Kim, Jong Hyeon Seok, Dan Bi Lee, Kyung Hyun Kim, Mi Sook Chung
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hyojin Kim, Chae Yeon Lim, Mi Sook Chung
Summary: The study demonstrated that Magnolia officinalis extract and its constituents have antiviral effects against norovirus surrogates, reducing virus titers in both in vitro and model food systems. The treated virus-infected cells showed increased glutathione levels, indicating potential mechanisms for viral replication inhibition. Additionally, the extract displayed antioxidant activities, suggesting its potential as an antiviral food material for controlling norovirus foodborne diseases.
FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Hyojin Kim, Chae Yeon Lim, Dan Bi Lee, Jong Hyeon Seok, Kyung Hyun Kim, Mi Sook Chung
Article
Food Science & Technology
Chae Yeon Lim, Hyojin Kim, Mi Sook Chung
Summary: The study showed that MCR extract and its bioactive flavonoids morusin and kuwanon G have antiviral activities against norovirus, suggesting their potential use in controlling norovirus infectivity.
FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Hyojin Kim, Jin Young Maeng, Dan Bi Lee, Kyung Hyun Kim, Mi Sook Chung
Summary: The rhizomes of Acorus gramineus and its bioactive components,alpha-asarone and beta-asarone, have significant antiviral activities against noroviruses. They reduce the viral plaques and inhibit the binding of the virus to saliva. The asarones show potential as anti-norovirus agents.
