Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Peng Chen, Dan Wang, Zongsheng Gan
Summary: This paper proposes a miniaturized textile microstrip antenna for wireless body area networks (WBAN), which uses a denim substrate to reduce surface wave losses. The monopole antenna, consisting of a modified circular radiation patch and an asymmetric defected ground structure, expands impedance bandwidth and improves radiation patterns. The antenna has a small size of 20 x 30 x 1.4 mm(3) and an impedance bandwidth of 110% (2.85-9.81 GHz). The proposed antenna shows a peak gain of 3.28 dBi at 6 GHz and meets the FCC guideline for SAR values at 4/6/8 GHz frequencies. Compared to typical wearable miniaturized antennas, the proposed antenna reduces size by 62.5% and can be integrated on a peaked cap for indoor positioning systems.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Gabriela Lachezarova Atanasova, Blagovest Nikolaev Atanasov, Nikolay Todorov Atanasov
Summary: This paper proposes a fully textile dual-band logo antenna for use in IoT wearable devices. The antenna mimics a logo pattern for seamless integration into clothes and accessories. By incorporating a reflector, the antenna's radiation is reduced and its robustness is improved. Test results show good radiation efficiency and high-quality off-body communication.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ammar Al-Adhami, Ergun Ercelebi
Summary: This paper introduces a microstrip antenna based on metamaterials, which shows suitable gains in different frequency bands and minimal SAR effects on the human body according to experimental results.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Fatemeh Nikbakhtnasrabadi, Hatem El Matbouly, Markellos Ntagios, Ravinder Dahiya
Summary: This paper presents a textile-based stretchable microstrip patch antenna with intrinsic strain for e-textiles, which can also function as a strain sensor to measure joint angles with high sensitivity and stretchability.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Min Su, Pei Li, Xueqin Liu, Dapeng Wei, Jun Yang
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent developments in textile-based flexible capacitive pressure sensors, including sandwich structures, yarn structures, and in-plane structures. It discusses the influences of different device structures on performance and summarizes the applications of textile-based sensors in human wearable devices, robotic sensing, and human-machine interaction. The paper also highlights evolutionary trends, future directions, and challenges.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Amit Baran Dey, Sagar Kumar, Wasim Arif, Jaume Anguera
Summary: This paper presents a neoteric, compact, low-profile, wide-band elastomeric textile antenna for medical and IoT applications. The antenna is based on flexible artificial magnetic conductor (AMC)-integrated textile and operates within 4.76-6.08 GHz, covering the 5.8-GHz ISM and 5-GHz Wi-Fi band. It features a rectangular fed design with a widened and optimized high frequency band and a notch etched to suppress cross-polarization.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Dries Van Baelen, Nicola Macoir, Quinten van den Brande, Eli De Poorter, Sam Lemey, Jo Verhaevert, Hendrik Rogier
Summary: This study presents a mechanically flexible textile antenna-backed sensor node designed to provide accurate personal localization functionality by integrating Decawave's IC. The system's performance was validated by examining it as a node in a complete localization system, showing that six nodes must be deployed to provide system coverage in all directions around the wearer. The system's autonomy is estimated to be 13.3 hours, even without using sleep mode functionalities.
Article
Telecommunications
Sanjeev Kumar, Bharti Gupta
Summary: This paper presents a compact textile MIMO antenna made of felt textile material for wearable and 5G applications. It features excellent performance with very low mutual coupling and high isolation. The antenna's size is 30 x 58 x 1 mm(3) and it covers a frequency range from 2.4 to 5.8 GHz. The proposed antenna is suitable for realistic uses, as shown by experimental results.
WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
N. Sriraam, Avvaru Srinivasulu, V. S. Prakash
Summary: This research evaluates the performance of ultralow power flexible dry ECG sensors. The study reveals that the use of dry textile electrodes increases skin-electrode contact impedance over time. However, rinsing the textile electrode with saltwater or normal water reduces the impedance. The proposed system shows good matching with existing systems during treadmill tests and performs well for various activities.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Bashyam Sugumaran, Ramachandran Balasubramanian, Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy
Summary: This paper presents the design and analysis of a flexible antenna backed with Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) for wireless body area communications. By improving the antenna design with FSS, the performance of the antenna is enhanced and SAR levels are reduced.
ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL-JESTECH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Quoc Hung Dang, Nghia Nguyen-Trong, Shengjian Jammy Chen, Christophe Fumeaux
Summary: This study proposes a pattern-reconfigurable flexible textile antenna that covers the 2.45-GHz ISM band. The design uses RF-switch integrated circuits packaged into reconfiguration modules to switch between the omnidirectional and broadside radiation modes. Analytical models are developed to calculate the resonance frequency of each mode, providing insights and assisting the design optimization. The experimental characterization of an antenna prototype validates the concept and analysis, demonstrating its stable performance in on-body environments and various bending test conditions in wearable scenarios.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
(2023)
Article
Telecommunications
Swetha Amit, Viswanath Talasila, T. R. Ramya, R. Shashidhar
Summary: This paper introduces the design of an efficient frequency selective surface (FSS) array structure for a wearable antenna. The proposed FSS structure enhances the gain and stability of the antenna, making it suitable for WBAN applications. The design also reduces SAR in the human body, making it a safer option for wireless communication.
WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hari Singh, Binod Kumar Kanaujia, Ashwani Kumar, Kunal Srivastava, Sachin Kumar
Summary: This paper presents the design and development of an ultra-miniaturised textile antenna for 2.45/5.8 GHz industrial, scientific and medical applications. The proposed antenna is compact, efficient, and performs consistently well even under deformation caused by bending, making it suitable for wearable/textile applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Peng Wang, Guoxian Li, Jun Liu, Zhanrui Hou, Chuizhou Meng, Shijie Guo
Summary: A flexible and freestanding tactile sensor was proposed using MXene/cotton composite thread and ionic gel as electrodes and electrolyte, respectively. This sensor achieves high sensitivity, ultralow detection limit, and quick response time without the need for additional substrate, capable of detecting micromotions and acquiring 2D pressure mapping as well as 3D positioned pressures.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Dalia N. N. Elsheakh, Rawda A. A. Mohamed, Omar M. M. Fahmy, Khaled Ezzat, Angie R. R. Eldamak
Summary: This paper presents a new wearable system for detecting breast tumors using textile-based sensors. The compact sensor, made entirely of textiles, fits comfortably on the breasts and has a wide impedance bandwidth. The system also utilizes machine-learning algorithms to differentiate between malignant and benign breast tissues.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Abdullah Al-Sehemi, Ahmed Al-Ghamdi, Nikolay Dishovsky, Nikolay Atanasov, Gabriela Atanasova
Summary: In this paper, two miniaturized flexible wearable antennas based on a planar dipole with a reflector are proposed and investigated. The concept of magneto-dielectric composite materials is chosen to realize miniaturization. Numerical and experimental analyses demonstrate that the use of magneto-dielectric composites benefits both antenna miniaturization (up to 36%) and radiation efficiency improvement (up to 65% in free space and up to 23% on-body). Moreover, the antennas exhibit a low specific absorption rate.
IETE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Abdullah Al-Sehemi, Ahmed Al-Ghamdi, Nikolay Dishovsky, Gabriela Atanasova, Nikolay Atanasov
Summary: A flexible and compact multiband wearable antenna with a simple and low-profile structure is proposed in this paper. It is capable of covering most identified frequency bands for biomedical applications and demonstrates robust on-body performance and radiation efficiency.
IETE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Abdullah Al-Sehemi, Ahmed Al-Ghamdi, Nikolay Dishovsky, Nikolay Atanasov, Gabriela Atanasova
Summary: This work focuses on the development of novel composites from renewable resources for flexible wearable antennas. The study examines the effects of different fillers on the electromagnetic and mechanical properties of the composites. Results show that composites filled with rice husk ash demonstrate lower dielectric loss tangent and superior mechanical properties. The study also investigates the influence of the electromagnetic parameters of the composites on the performance of wearable antennas.
IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Nikolay Todorov Atanasov, Gabriela Lachezarova Atanasova, Boyana Angelova, Momchil Paunov, Maria Gurmanova, Margarita Kouzmanova
Summary: The wearable industry is rapidly developing and there is a growing demand for lightweight and flexible wearable antennas. This study investigates the effects of electromagnetic radiation from wearable antennas on the human body, specifically on erythrocyte membrane stability.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Gabriela Lachezarova Atanasova, Blagovest Nikolaev Atanasov, Nikolay Todorov Atanasov
Summary: This paper proposes a fully textile dual-band logo antenna for use in IoT wearable devices. The antenna mimics a logo pattern for seamless integration into clothes and accessories. By incorporating a reflector, the antenna's radiation is reduced and its robustness is improved. Test results show good radiation efficiency and high-quality off-body communication.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Abdullah Al-Sehemi, Ahmed Al-Ghamdi, Nikolay Dishovsky, Nikolay Atanasov, Gabriela Atanasova
Summary: A flexible miniature antenna for body-worn devices has been developed to ensure flexibility and comfort when in contact with the human body. Using the quadratic Koch curve, the antenna achieved a maximum telemetry range of over 80 mm for in-body communications and over 2 m for off-body communications. With its compact dimensions and low manufacturing price, the proposed antenna is an ideal candidate for health telemetry applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nikolay Todorov Atanasov, Gabriela Lachezarova Atanasova, Daniel Adrian Gardan, Iuliana Petronela Gardan
Summary: The aim of this study was to experimentally evaluate the electric fields inside a compact car and explore the potential of using electromagnetic fields as an energy source. The research showed that in an urban area, the highest electric field value was observed during voice calls via the GSM network, while the maximum values during UMTS, LTE, and 5G voice calls were five to six times lower than those in the GSM network.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Gabriela Lachezarova Atanasova, Blagovest Nikolaev Atanasov, Nikolay Todorov Atanasov
Summary: The rapid development of wireless communication technologies has raised concerns about the potential adverse effects of electromagnetic fields from base station antennas on human health. This study focuses on assessing EMFs in cars during short and long trips on European roads. Measurement campaigns were conducted in several European countries. The results show that the median total electric field ranges from 0.23-0.24 V/m in some countries to 0.28-0.31 V/m in others, with Austria having the highest value at 17.4 V/m.
Proceedings Paper
Telecommunications
David Davidkov, Gabriela Atanasova, Nikolay Atanasov
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive study on the influence of parameters and characteristics of wearable antennas on off-body channels in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) in an indoor environment at 2.41 GHz in a line-of-side scenario. The results conclude that the surface, radiation efficiency, and radiation pattern of the wearable antenna play a vital role in defining the off-body channel characteristics.
2022 30TH NATIONAL CONFERENCE WITH INTERNATIONAL PARTICIPATION (TELECOM)
(2022)
