Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elliott Bosco, Robertus van Aalst, Kevin W. McConeghy, Joe Silva, Patience Moyo, Melissa N. Eliot, Ayman Chit, Stefan Gravenstein, Andrew R. Zullo
Summary: This study estimated the incidence of cardiorespiratory hospitalizations attributable to influenza and RSV among LTCF residents and quantified the associated economic burden on the US health care system. The research found that many cardiorespiratory hospitalizations among LTCF residents in the US were caused by seasonal influenza and RSV, suggesting the importance of implementing additional preventive measures to minimize burden and prevent virus transmission.
Article
Immunology
Shekhar Ghamande, Courtney Shaver, Kempapura Murthy, Chandni Raiyani, Heath D. White, Tasnim Lat, Alejandro C. Arroliga, Dayna Wyatt, H. Keipp Talbot, Emily T. Martin, Arnold S. Monto, Richard K. Zimmerman, Donald B. Middleton, Fernanda P. Silveira, Jill M. Ferdinands, Manish M. Patel, Manjusha Gaglani
Summary: The study found that the vaccine effectiveness against adult acute respiratory illness hospitalization for radiographically identified laboratory confirmed influenza-associated pneumonia was 38% during the 2015-2016 to 2017-2018 seasons in the US Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (HAIVEN). The effectiveness was highest against influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 and lowest against influenza B.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Leigh M. Howard, Kathryn M. Edwards, Yuwei Zhu, Carlos G. Grijalva, Wesley H. Self, Seema Jain, Krow Ampofo, Andrew T. Pavia, Sandra R. Arnold, Jonathan A. McCullers, Evan J. Anderson, Richard G. Wunderink, Derek J. Williams
Summary: Clinical features did not reliably distinguish HMPV-associated pneumonia from other pathogens. HMPV-associated pneumonia was less severe than bacterial and adult RSV pneumonia, but was otherwise as or more severe than other common pathogens.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kailey Hughes, Donald B. Middleton, Mary Patricia Nowalk, Goundappa K. Balasubramani, Emily T. Martin, Manjusha Gaglani, H. Keipp Talbot, Manish M. Patel, Jill M. Ferdinands, Richard K. Zimmerman, Fernanda P. Silveira
Summary: This study evaluated the vaccine effectiveness against influenza hospitalization among immunocompromised adults during the 2017-2018 influenza season. The results showed that while immunocompromised adults had a higher vaccination rate, their protection against influenza was lower, with a vaccine effectiveness of 33% in the overall adult population. Further research is needed to assess vaccine effectiveness among different immunocompromising conditions and explore ways to improve effectiveness for immunocompromised individuals.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Fu-Shun Yen, James Cheng-Chung Wei, Ying-Hsiu Shih, Chung Y. Hsu, Chih-Cheng Hsu, Chii-Min Hwu
Summary: This study shows that older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who use metformin as a pre-influenza vaccination have lower risks of hospitalization for influenza, pneumonia, cardiovascular disease, mechanical ventilation, and mortality compared to nonusers of metformin.
Article
Immunology
Nguyen Cong Khanh, Ashley L. Fowlkes, Ngu Duy Nghia, Tran Nhu Duong, Ngo Huy Tu, Tran Anh Tu, Jeffrey W. McFarland, Thoa Thi Minh Nguyen, Nga Thu Ha, Philip L. Gould, Pham Ngoc Thanh, Nguyen Thi Huyen Trang, Vien Quang Mai, Phuc Nguyen Thi, Satoko Otsu, Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner, Dang Duc Anh, A. Danielle Iuliano
Summary: Influenza burden estimates based on hospitalization data in Vietnam show higher rates among children under 5 years old and adults over 65 years old, highlighting the importance of prevention and control measures, such as vaccination, in these high-risk populations.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Peter D. Ahiawodzi, Petra Buzkova, Luc Djousse, Joachim H. Ix, Jorge R. Kizer, Kenneth J. Mukamal
Summary: Elevated total serum NEFAs are associated with increased risk of hospitalization among older adults, as well as higher numbers of hospitalizations and days hospitalized. Specific causes of hospitalization linked to higher NEFAs include mental, neurologic, respiratory, and musculoskeletal conditions, as well as diabetes, pneumonia, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amjad Kanj, Bilal Samhouri, Nadine Abdallah, Omar Chehab, Misbah Baqir
Summary: The study examined host factors in PCP-related hospitalizations, finding that malignancy was the most prevalent factor, followed by HIV. The prevalence of HIV decreased over time, while non-HIV patients showed higher rates of interventions and worse outcomes compared to HIV patients.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ivan Martinez-Baz, Miguel Fernandez-Huerta, Ana Navascues, Francisco Pozo, Camino Trobajo-Sanmartin, Itziar Casado, Aitziber Echeverria, Carmen Ezpeleta, Jesus Castilla
Summary: This study estimated the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in preventing outpatient and hospitalized cases in the 2022-2023 season. The results showed that the vaccine was effective against influenza B, moderately effective against A(H3N2), and ineffective against A(H1N1). The effectiveness of the vaccine was lower in hospitalized patients compared to outpatients, possibly due to a lower proportion of influenza B cases. The null effectiveness against A(H1N1) was consistent with antigenic drift and supported the use of a new composition for the 2023-2024 influenza vaccine.
Article
Immunology
Lily E. Cohen, Chelsea L. Hansen, Melissa K. Andrew, Shelly A. McNeil, Philippe Vanhems, Jan Kyncl, Javier Diez Domingo, Tao Zhang, Ghassan Dbaibo, Victor Alberto Laguna-Torres, Anca Draganescu, Elsa Baumeister, Doris Gomez, Sonia M. Raboni, Heloisa I. G. Giamberardino, Marta C. Nunes, Elena Burtseva, Anna Sominina, Snezana Medic, Daouda Coulibaly, Afif Ben Salah, Nancy A. Otieno, Parvaiz A. Koul, Serhat Unal, Mine Durusu Tanriover, Marie Mazur, Joseph Bresee, Cecile Viboud, Sandra S. Chaves
Summary: This study uses the data set from the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN) to investigate the severity of influenza among patients in different countries. The results show that patients in lower middle-income countries have a higher risk of severe illness and a higher mortality rate. Age and comorbid conditions also contribute to higher mortality rates. Additionally, influenza A/H1N1pdm09 infection is found to be more severe compared to A/H3N2 infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ruth Gil-Prieto, Nizar Allouch, Isabel Jimeno, Valentin Hernandez-Barrera, Raquel Arguedas-Sanz, Angel Gil-de-Miguel
Summary: Pneumococcal infection in Spain has a high impact on health, with 253,899 hospitalizations occurring from 2016 to 2020. The average age of patients was 67 years old and the average length of hospitalization was 12.72 days. The annual hospitalization rate was 10.84 per 10,000 population, increasing with age and reaching 65.75 per 10,000 population in individuals aged over 85. The case-fatality rate was 14.07%, with the highest rates seen in sepsis. The annual cost of hospitalizations exceeded EUR 359 million.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shantini D. Gamage, Natasha Ross, Stephen M. Kralovic, Loretta A. Simbartl, Gary A. Roselle, Ruth L. Berkelman, Allison T. Chamberlain
Summary: The study found that Legionnaires' Disease requiring Intensive Care Unit admission is associated with more subsequent hospitalizations. In the 5 years post-LD, besides common chronic conditions, new diagnoses such as acute renal failure were also identified.
Article
Microbiology
Thomas Chandler, Stephen Furmanek, Ruth Carrico, Dawn Balcom, Forest Arnold, Julio Ramirez
Summary: This study analyzed the effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) for preventing hospitalization due to serotype-specific community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The results showed that PPSV23 did not offer protection against CAP hospitalization caused by the vaccine-contained serotypes. This study highlights the importance of developing more effective vaccines for the prevention of hospitalization due to S. pneumoniae CAP.
Article
Immunology
Jill M. Ferdinands, Manjusha Gaglani, Shekhar Ghamande, Emily T. Martin, Donald Middleton, Arnold S. Monto, Fernanda Silveira, Helen K. Talbot, Richard Zimmerman, Emily R. Smith, Manish Patel
Summary: The study estimated vaccine effectiveness for prevention of influenza-associated hospitalizations in adults during the 2018-2019 influenza season. The results showed positive effectiveness against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 but no protection against influenza A(H3N2), with significant differences by age group noted.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Ronald A. Navarro, Charles C. Lin, Bailey Colli, Lei Qian, In-Lu Amy Liu, Lina S. Sy, Steven J. Jacobsen, Sara Y. Tartof
Summary: This study assessed the impact of influenza vaccination during hospitalization for orthopaedic surgery on postdischarge infection evaluations. The results showed that there was no significant increase in the risk of readmission, emergency department visits, fever, or clinical workups for infection among patients vaccinated during their inpatient stay. However, there was a slightly increased risk of outpatient visits in the 7 days postdischarge.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS
(2022)