Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rachel Hennein, Petty Tineo, Jessica Bonumwezi, Hannah Gorman, Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako, Sarah R. Lowe
Summary: The study focused on assessing the prevalence, perpetrators, and narratives of racial discrimination among healthcare workers in academic hospitals. Findings showed that a significant percentage of healthcare workers of color, especially females from underrepresented backgrounds and Asian males, reported experiencing discrimination. Discrimination was reported from various sources including patients, teachers, supervisors, co-workers, and institutions. The study also highlighted that the murder of George Floyd intensified URM healthcare workers' experiences of discrimination and that Asian healthcare workers faced discrimination related to pandemic-related anti-Asian violence. The study concluded with recommendations for hospitals to create programs that improve inclusivity and support for healthcare workers.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jessica R. Fernandez, Juliana S. Sherchan, Yong Ju Cho, Judy Nanaw, Nataria T. Joseph, Allana T. Forde
Summary: This study examined college students' perceptions of COVID-19 threat, healthcare discrimination, and U.S. healthcare system inequities, and their associations with self-rated mental and physical health. The results showed that students who had higher levels of perceived threat, discrimination, and inequities were more likely to belong to minority racial/ethnic groups, and had poorer mental and physical health.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sheena CarlLee, Don E. Willis, Jennifer A. Andersen, Morgan Gurel-Headley, Shashank S. Kraleti, James P. Selig, Ramey Moore, Alexandra Diaz-Cruz, Michael D. Macechko, Pearl A. McElfish
Summary: The study addresses the limited knowledge on general vaccine hesitancy by examining socio-demographic factors, healthcare access, and experiences of racial discrimination. Age, gender, race, and education were found to influence vaccine hesitancy. Lack of health insurance coverage and limited healthcare access were associated with higher vaccine hesitancy. Additionally, higher experiences of racial discrimination were linked to increased vaccine hesitancy. These findings highlight the importance of policy, systems, and environmental factors in addressing vaccine hesitancy, as well as the need to address healthcare inequities.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sofia Rubi, J. Kale Monk, Sydney Shoemaker, Colten Miller, Nivedita Prabhu, Lisa Y. Flores, Donte Bernard, Christina S. Mccrae, Brian Borsari, Mary Beth Miller
Summary: This study examined the rates and correlates of insomnia among veterans of different racial/ethnic backgrounds. The results showed that racial discrimination and post-traumatic stress disorder were associated with more severe insomnia, while romantic partners were associated with less severe insomnia. However, Asian and Hispanic/Latine participants had the highest rates of insomnia but showed the least interest in sleep treatment.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Asmaa Albaroudi, Jie Chen
Summary: This study examines racial and ethnic disparities in CAHPS measures among patients with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD), and explores the association between social determinants of health and CAHPS disparities. The results demonstrate significant variations in CAHPS scores by race and ethnicity among ADRD patients enrolled in Medicare Shared Savings Program Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs). Social determinants of health play a critical role in explaining these disparities. However, more research is needed to fully understand the disparities in CAHPS measures.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael R. Sladek, Saul A. Castro, Leah D. Doane
Summary: The study suggests that frequent experiences of ethnic-racial discrimination during adolescence may lead to higher baseline physiological stress levels and lower reactivity to stress during the college transition among U.S. Latinx adolescents. Discrimination from adults and peers predicted different patterns of cardiovascular and neuroendocrine stress responses. Multiple physiological stress systems are sensitive to the effects of ethnic-racial discrimination in this population during the transition to college.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Educational
Juan Del Toro, Diane Hughes, Niobe Way
Summary: The study found that frequent discrimination against minorities, regardless of the source, had significant reciprocal interrelations with their ethnic-racial identity exploration and public regard. Peer discrimination predicted lower commitment and private regard 1 year later, while discrimination from non-school adults did not have a predictive effect on these aspects.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karen E. Joynt Maddox, Mat Reidhead, Joshua Grotzinger, Timothy McBride, Aaloke Mody, Elna Nagasako, Will Ross, Joseph T. Steensma, Abigail R. Barker
Summary: In Missouri, COVID-19 case rates and mortality rates were significantly higher among non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic Other/Unknown race individuals than among non-Hispanic White residents, even after accounting for social and clinical risk factors, population density, and travel patterns during COVID-19.
Article
Psychiatry
Philip Baiden, Catherine A. LaBrenz, Henry K. Onyeaka, Chioma Muoghalu, Julia K. Nicholas, Samantha P. Spoor, Estah Bock, Lindsay A. Taliaferro
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of perceived racial discrimination (PRD) in school among racial/ethnic minority adolescents in the United States, and its association with suicidal behaviors. The findings suggest that racial/ethnic minority adolescents who experience PRD are more likely to report suicidal behaviors compared to other well-established risk factors.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ethnic Studies
Eleanor K. Seaton, Katharine H. Zeiders
Summary: This study found that Black American adults experienced higher cortisol levels at bedtime and overall cortisol output on days when they reported increased racial discrimination. Additionally, the following day, they exhibited less pronounced cortisol awakening responses and steeper diurnal cortisol slopes. These effects were moderated by ethnic-racial identity dimensions, suggesting the ability for individuals to recover from discrimination experiences.
CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Stephanie Irby Coard, Lisa Kiang, Michelle Y. Martin Y. Romero, Laura M. Gonzalez, Gabriela Livas Stein
Summary: Conversations between parents and children about race-related issues are important for protecting minoritized families and helping children of color thrive in the United States. This qualitative study identified facilitators for engaging in preparation for bias and racial-ethnic discrimination conversations, including maintaining a positive parent-youth relationship, relevant conversation characteristics and content, and addressing communication style and needs. These findings have implications for supporting marginalized families.
Article
Surgery
Thuy B. Tran, Mustafa Raoof, Laleh Melstrom, Namgyal Kyulo, Zameer Shaikh, Veronica C. Jones, Loretta Erhunmwunsee, Yuman Fong, Susanne G. Warner
Summary: The study found that patient and surgeon race and sex affect patient satisfaction with physician communication and care. Minority and Spanish-speaking patients were more likely to report negative experiences. Female surgeons received higher ratings for overall communication, while Asian surgeons received lower scores.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Jesse J. Helton, Autumn Asher BlackDeer, Kira H. Banks, Mark Pousson, Keon L. Gilbert
Summary: The purpose of this study was to examine racial discrimination experienced by adolescents of color with different types of special healthcare needs (SHCN). The findings showed that adolescents of color with SHCNs were almost twice as likely to experience racial discrimination compared to their peers without SHCNs. Asian youth with SHCNs were over 3.5 times more likely to experience racial discrimination. Youth with depression had the highest rates of racial discrimination. Black youth with asthma or a genetic disorder, and Hispanic youth with autism or intellectual disabilities, experienced higher rates of racial discrimination compared to their peers without SHCNs. The study highlights the heightened risk of racial discrimination for adolescents of color with SHCNs.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Tuyet-Mai H. Hoang, B. Andi Lee, Wan -Jung Hsieh, Kaylee Marie Lukacena, Karen M. Tabb, Black and Latinx Patients, and specialIntscript common Race
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore the experiences of perinatal Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color (BIPOC) women in healthcare interactions. Virtual focus groups were conducted with perinatal BIPOC women across the USA, and qualitative data was analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. The study identified three themes related to racial trauma in healthcare interactions, including experiences of bias, dismissal of pain, and a lack of bodily autonomy. Recommendations from participants included transparent communication and addressing anti-Black bias in healthcare treatment.
GENERAL HOSPITAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Temitope Akinade, Anna Kheyfets, Naissa Piverger, Tracy M. Layne, Elizabeth A. Howell, Teresa Janevic
Summary: This article summarizes existing literature on the impact of racial-ethnic health care discrimination on health care outcomes for women of color in the U.S. It found evidence of racial-ethnic discrimination in health care and its varied effects on different types of health care outcomes. Further high-quality, targeted research is needed to better understand the influence of this phenomenon.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Audrey L. Jones, Leslie R. M. Hausmann, Stefan G. Kertesz, Ying Suo, John P. Cashy, Maria K. Mor, Warren B. P. Pettey, James H. Schaefer, Adam J. Gordon, Adi V. Gundlapalli
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Audrey L. Jones, Michael J. Fine, Roslyn A. Stone, Shasha Gao, Leslie R. M. Hausmann, Kelly H. Burkitt, Peter A. Taber, Galen E. Switzer, Chester B. Good, Megan E. Vanneman, Susan L. Zickmund
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Adi Gundlapalli, Audrey L. Jones, Andrew Redd, Guy Divita, Emily Brignone, Warren B. P. Pettey, Marjorie E. Carter, Matthew H. Samore, Rebecca K. Blais, Jamison D. Fargo
Article
Environmental Sciences
Audrey L. Jones, Susan D. Cochran, Jane Rafferty, Robert Joseph Taylor, Vickie M. Mays
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Nodira Codell, A. Taylor Kelley, Audrey L. Jones, Matthew T. Dungan, Natalie Valentino, Ana I. Holtey, Tania J. Knight, Amy Butz, Christina Gallop, Sean Erickson, Jeremy Patton, Laura Jane Hyte-Richins, Benjamin Z. Rollins, Adam J. Gordon
Summary: The VIP Initiative is a promising primary care model designed to improve healthcare outcomes for patients with substance use disorders and social determinants of poor health. By establishing an integrated care environment, it aims to address the complexities faced by vulnerable patients in a comprehensive manner. Ongoing evaluation is crucial to understand its impact on patient outcomes and its sustainability and scalability.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Adam J. Gordon, Marie Kenny, Matthew Dungan, Allison M. Gustavson, A. Taylor Kelley, Audrey L. Jones, Eric Hawkins, Joseph W. Frank, Anissa Danner, Joseph Liberto, Hildi Hagedorn
Summary: This study examined whether clinicians who attended x-waiver training obtained the necessary credential and prescribed buprenorphine medication treatment for opioid use disorder (B-MOUD). The study also looked at the barriers and facilitators to B-MOUD prescribing. The findings showed that after nine months, two-thirds of clinicians obtained their x-waiver and one-third were prescribing B-MOUD.
AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS
(2022)
Article
Social Work
Aerin J. DeRussy, Audrey L. Jones, Erika L. Austin, Adam J. Gordon, Lillian Gelberg, Sonya E. Gabrielian, Kevin R. Riggs, John R. Blosnich, Ann Elizabeth Montgomery, Sally K. Holmes, Allyson L. Varley, April E. Hoge, Stefan G. Kertesz
Summary: This study described the recruitment and response to a national survey of Veterans with homeless experience. The findings indicated that a national mailed survey approach is feasible and successful for reaching VA patients who have recently experienced homelessness, providing insight into how health systems can obtain perspectives of socially disadvantaged groups.
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL DISTRESS AND THE HOMELESS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Audrey L. Jones, A. Taylor Kelley, Ying Suo, Jacob D. Baylis, Nodira K. Codell, Nancy A. West, Adam J. Gordon
Summary: Interdisciplinary primary care (IPC) models can improve the management of social determinants of health and addiction, leading to reduced utilization of acute care and behavioral health services.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gerontology
Audrey L. Jones, Jane Rafferty, Susan D. Cochran, Jamie Abelson, Matthew R. Hanna, Vickie M. Mays
Summary: The study found that middle-aged Black women bear a disproportionate burden of PTSD, which is associated with factors such as unemployment, divorce, poverty, stress, and discrimination.
JOURNAL OF AGING AND HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Gerontology
Audrey L. Jones, Jane Rafferty, Susan D. Cochran, Jamie Abelson, Vickie M. Mays
Summary: The study found that anxiety disorders in aging Black adults have a low prevalence, but those affected experience significant mental health burden, including severe functional impairment and underutilization of mental health services.
JOURNAL OF AGING AND HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Substance Abuse
A. Taylor Kelley, Michael A. Incze, Jacob D. Baylis, Spencer G. Calder, Saul J. Weiner, Susan L. Zickmund, Audrey L. Jones, Megan E. Vanneman, Molly B. Conroy, Adam J. Gordon, John F. P. Bridges
Summary: This study evaluates whether current quality measures and guidelines for opioid use disorder (OUD) incorporate patient-centered care and investigates the evidence for patient-centered care in OUD diagnosis and management. The findings indicate a lack of patient-centeredness in current quality measurement for OUD, and a new taxonomy called EQuIITable Care is proposed to develop measures of patient-centered care for OUD.
Article
Law
Eric B. Elbogen, Megan Amuan, Eamonn Kennedy, Shannon M. Blakey, Robert C. Graziano, Dina Hooshyar, Jack Tsai, Richard E. Nelson, Megan E. Vanneman, Audrey L. Jones, Mary Jo Pugh
Summary: This study examines the predictors of criminal legal involvement for veterans during the transition from military to civilian life. The findings suggest that veterans with substance use, mental health, and personality disorders, especially those living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods, are at higher risk of criminal legal involvement. These results can inform policies and programs aimed at helping veterans successfully reintegrate into society and prevent criminal involvement.
LAW AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Audrey L. Jones, Stefan G. Kertesz, Leslie R. M. Hausmann, Maria K. Mor, Ying Suo, Warren B. P. Pettey, James H. Schaefer, Adi Gundlapalli, Adam J. Gordon
JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kevin R. Riggs, April E. Hoge, Aerin J. DeRussy, Ann Elizabeth Montgomery, Sally K. Holmes, Erika L. Austin, David E. Pollio, Young-Il Kim, Allyson L. Varley, Lillian Gelberg, Sonya E. Gabrielian, John R. Blosnich, Jessica Merlin, Adi Gundlapalli, Audrey L. Jones, Adam J. Gordon, Stefan G. Kertesz