Article
Plant Sciences
Henry Temple, Pyae Phyo, Weibing Yang, Jan J. Lyczakowski, Alberto Echevarria-Poza, Igor Yakunin, Juan Pablo Parra-Rojas, Oliver M. Terrett, Susana Saez-Aguayo, Ray Dupree, Ariel Orellana, Mei Hong, Paul Dupree
Summary: Polysaccharide methylation, particularly of pectin, is a crucial feature of land plant cell walls. This study identifies putative Golgi SAM transporters in Arabidopsis and shows their significance in the import of SAM molecules for polysaccharide methylation in the Golgi, ultimately affecting cell wall structure and function.
Article
Plant Sciences
Juan Du, Mei Ruan, Xiaokun Li, Qiuyan Lan, Qing Zhang, Shuang Hao, Xin Gou, Charles T. Anderson, Chaowen Xiao
Summary: Pectin, including RG-I and HG, plays a central role in seed mucilage formation. This study identified the function of pectin HG in seed coat mucilage formation. The results showed that HG is required for the synthesis and expansion of seed mucilage, and it interacts with cellulose and other pectin domains to regulate its formation, expansion, and release.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Heather E. McFarlane
Summary: Plant cell walls, composed of polysaccharides, provide support and enable growth. Recent research has made significant progress in understanding cell wall synthesis, including the identification and study of enzymes, the development of tools, and structural information generation. However, many questions about plant cell wall polysaccharide synthesis remain unanswered. This article discusses these questions, reviews supporting data, and explores potential technological advancements for future answers.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenguo Cai, Jun Hong, Zengyu Liu, Wenyu Wang, Jiao Zhang, Gynheung An, Wanqi Liang, Staffan Persson, Dabing Zhang
Summary: This study revealed the role of variations in the ectodomain of rice WAK10 in cell wall integrity and stem height control. The study also demonstrated the enrichment of these variations during domestication, providing breeding targets for semi-dwarf rice cultivars.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Qi Yin, Lu Kang, Yi Liu, Mirza Faisal Qaseem, Wenqi Qin, Tingting Liu, Huiling Li, Xiaomei Deng, Ai-min Wu
Summary: Boron deficiency has severe impacts on the growth and development of Neolamarckia cadamba, leading to reduced seedling growth and increased lignification. It also results in changes in cell wall composition, such as decreased pectin content and enhanced phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Juan Du, Charles T. Anderson, Chaowen Xiao
Summary: Homogalacturonans are the most abundant pectin subtype in plant cell walls and also function as signaling molecules. They thus connect the cell wall and plasma membrane to regulate plant growth and development.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Jose Erik Cruz-Valderrama, Judith Jazmin Bernal-Gallardo, Humberto Herrera-Ubaldo, Stefan de Folter
Summary: Floral patterning is a complex process involving the main components of the cell wall-cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectins. Enzymes related to cell wall components play a crucial role in the formation of floral organs, with the activity of cell wall remodeling proteins being modulated by genetic regulation and internal and external stimuli.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yusen Zhou, Tian Zhang, Xiaocui Wang, Wenqiang Wu, Jingjing Xing, Zuliang Li, Xin Qiao, Chunrui Zhang, Xiaohang Wang, Guangshun Wang, Wenhui Li, Shenglong Bai, Zhi Li, Yuanzhen Suo, Jiajia Wang, Yanli Niu, Junli Zhang, Chen Lan, Zhubing Hu, Baozhu Li, Xuebin Zhang, Wei Wang, David W. Galbraith, Yuhang Chen, Siyi Guo, Chun-Peng Song
Summary: The researchers identified a maize gene, BZU3, that regulates the synthesis of UDP-glucose during grass guard cell wall formation and is involved in protein glycosylation. The findings shed light on the dual role of BZU3 in controlling stomatal morphogenesis and provide insights into the mechanisms of grass stomata formation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zuopeng Xu, Yihong Gao, Chengxu Gao, Jiasong Mei, Shaogan Wang, Jiaxin Ma, Hanlei Yang, Shaoxue Cao, Yan Wang, Fengxia Zhang, Xiangling Liu, Qiaoquan Liu, Yihua Zhou, Baocai Zhang
Summary: This study reveals a mechanism by which a rice enzyme BC16 remodels GPI lipid tails and governs cell wall biomechanics. Loss of BC16 alters GPI lipid structure and disturbs the targeting of GPI-AP BC1 to the cell membrane, leading to compromised cellulosic nanofiber deposition and abnormal mechanical properties. The findings provide insights into the control of cell wall biomechanics and offer potential for breeding crops with improved support strength.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yanbing Wang, Joshua Coomey, Kari Miller, Gregory S. Jensen, Elizabeth S. Haswell
Summary: Cells have multiple systems, including ion channels and the cell wall integrity pathway, to maintain cellular integrity. Through studying pollen, it has been discovered that mechanosensitive ion channels modulate callose deposition and interact with the cell wall integrity pathway to maintain cell integrity.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Genzhong Liu, Huiyang Yu, Lei Yuan, Changxing Li, Jie Ye, Weifang Chen, Ying Wang, Pingfei Ge, Junhong Zhang, Zhibiao Ye, Yuyang Zhang
Summary: The study identified a chlorophyll-deficient mutant rcm1 in tomato fruits, which displayed yellowish fruits and altered chloroplast development. The causal gene Solyc08g005010 encoding SlRCM1 was discovered, providing new insights into the regulation of chloroplast development in tomato fruits. Knockout of SlRCM1 by the CRISPR/Cas9 system resulted in yellowish fruits, similar to the lutescent1 mutant phenotype.
HORTICULTURE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
HongLei Jia, XiaoHong Wang, Ting Wei, Min Wang, Xun Liu, Li Hua, XinHao Ren, JunKang Guo, Jisheng Li
Summary: The study showed that pre-treatment with salicylic acid significantly reduced cadmium accumulation in tomato plants and altered cadmium distribution. Salicylic acid induced the composition of the cell wall, increasing cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, and lignin content, and up-regulated the expression of lignin and cellulose synthase genes while down-regulating pectin methylesterase related genes. Additionally, salicylic acid decreased pectin methylesterase activity to reduce cadmium accumulation in the cell wall and change cadmium partition ratio.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ralf Oelmueller, Yu-Heng Tseng, Akanksha Gandhi
Summary: The integrity of the cell wall is crucial for plant cells, and breakdown products of cell wall polysaccharides can activate cellular responses. The cell needs to integrate information about extracellular changes and internal programs to establish a proper response. This article summarizes recent progress in pattern recognition receptors for plant-derived oligosaccharides.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Polymer Science
Vadym Chibrikov, Piotr Mariusz Pieczywek, Artur Zdunek
Summary: This review paper presents data on the mechanical properties, assembly, and structural properties of bacterial cellulose and polysaccharides derived from plant cell walls. The research provides valuable knowledge for scientists and professionals from various fields.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liru Luo, Wang Yu, Yongjian Yi, Chen Xing, Liangbin Zeng, Yuanru Yang, Hongying Wang, Zhonghai Tang, Zhijian Tan
Summary: In this study, cellulose nanofibril (CNF) films were prepared from ramie fibers with varying pectin compositions and contents, and the impact of residual pectin on the overall performance of CNF films was assessed. The residual pectin composition did not significantly affect the properties of the CNF films obtained. However, increasing the content of residual pectin led to an increase in surface area and water absorption of the CNF films, while decreasing the content resulted in higher UVA light transmittance and tensile strength. This research provides guidance for the preparation of CNF films with different performance requirements.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
S. Chandra Shekar, Wancheng Zhao, Thomas K. Weldeghiorghis, Tuo Wang
Summary: This study presents a detailed analysis on the effect of cross polarization RF phases on NMR signal, providing a simple dependence and experimental verification. The results can be used as a guide for manipulating cross polarization blocks with tunable phases in pulse sequences.
SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alex Kirui, Wancheng Zhao, Fabien Deligey, Hui Yang, Xue Kang, Frederic Mentink-Vigier, Tuo Wang
Summary: In this study, the assembly of lignocellulosic components in plant stems and the interactions between polysaccharides and the aromatic polymer lignin are investigated using solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The research shows that the extent of glycan-aromatic association varies in different types of plant stems, and lignin primarily interacts with xylan through non-covalent interactions and partially binds to the junction of xylan and cellulose surface. The unique feature of homogeneous mixing of all molecules in softwoods enables better water retention. These findings provide insights into the principles of polymer interactions underlying the heterogeneous architecture of lignocellulose, which can guide the rational design of more digestible plants and more efficient biomass-conversion pathways.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabien Deligey, Mark A. Frank, Sung Hyun Cho, Alex Kirui, Frederic Mentink-Vigier, Matthew T. Swulius, B. Tracy Nixon, Tuo Wang
Summary: In this study, synthesized fibers were characterized using cryo-electron tomography and dynamic nuclear polarization solid-state NMR. The results showed structural similarity between the synthesized fibers and native fibers in plant cell walls, providing insights into cell wall synthesis and contributing to the development of cellulosic materials.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
S. Chandra Shekar, Wancheng Zhao, Liyanage D. Fernando, Ivan Hung, Tuo Wang
Summary: The study presents a new method for analyzing the structure of carbohydrates using solid-state NMR. The method provides high resolution and allows for accurate resonance assignment of polysaccharides in plant and fungal cell walls using uniformly labeled cells. Long-range structural restraints can be obtained, which contributes to a better understanding of the spatial organization of plant cellulose microfibrils. The method has broad applications in the study of cellular carbohydrates and carbon-based biomaterials.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Juan Du, Mei Ruan, Xiaokun Li, Qiuyan Lan, Qing Zhang, Shuang Hao, Xin Gou, Charles T. Anderson, Chaowen Xiao
Summary: Pectin, including RG-I and HG, plays a central role in seed mucilage formation. This study identified the function of pectin HG in seed coat mucilage formation. The results showed that HG is required for the synthesis and expansion of seed mucilage, and it interacts with cellulose and other pectin domains to regulate its formation, expansion, and release.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dan Tang, Yichang Wang, Xiuju Dong, Yiqiong Yuan, Fanchen Kang, Weidong Tian, Kunjie Wang, Hong Li, Shiqian Qi
Summary: The asymmetric distribution of lipids, maintained by flippases/floppases and scramblases, is important in physiological processes. Recent studies have shown a close relationship between viral infection and cellular lipid distribution, with scramblases playing a key role.
Article
Cell Biology
Peipei Yan, Huicong Liu, Tao Zhou, Pu Sun, Yilin Wang, Xibin Wang, Lin Zhang, Tian Wang, Jing Dong, Jiangli Zhu, Luxian Lv, Wenqiang Li, Shiqian Qi, Yinming Liang, Eryan Kong
Summary: This study revealed that the binding of Syn1 to F-actin is dependent on its palmitoylation, while its binding to SVs is not affected. Moreover, the phosphorylation of Syn1 regulates its palmitoylation, and together they manipulate the clustering and redistribution of SVs in neurons.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Dolzodmaa Davaasuren, Yintong Chen, Leila Jaafar, Rayna Marshall, Angelica L. Dunham, Charles T. Anderson, James Z. Wang
Summary: This study introduces an automated segmentation neural network model for 3D images of stomatal guard cells. The model achieves expert-level accuracy by leveraging a small number of labeled images. The results contribute to the improvement of stomatal biomechanics models and provide a comprehensive automated method for volumetric analysis of fluorescent guard cell images. This work is highly significant in rapidly testing cell mechanics and dynamics, as well as identifying plants that efficiently use water, which is crucial in global agricultural production, particularly during climate change.
Article
Plant Sciences
Min Xiang, Shuai Yuan, Qing Zhang, Xiaohui Liu, Qingyao Li, Zhengmei Leng, Jingjing Sha, Charles T. Anderson, Chaowen Xiao
Summary: Xyloglucan galactosylation mediated by MUR3 is crucial for cell wall assembly and homeostasis, which affects plant growth and cell wall integrity. The deficiency of xyloglucan galactosylation leads to reduced cellulose synthesis, abnormal pectin cross-linking, and perturbed cytoskeleton behavior and endomembrane stability.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xingpeng Di, Xiaoshuai Gao, Liao Peng, Jianzhong Ai, Xi Jin, Shiqian Qi, Hong Li, Kunjie Wang, Deyi Luo
Summary: Cellular mechanotransduction plays a critical role in converting mechanical signals to biochemical signals, regulating various biological processes. While mechanical cues can trigger beneficial processes, excessive stimulation can lead to pathological conditions. The regulatory mechanisms between different mechanical cues are not fully understood, and effective therapies targeting mechanical cue-related signaling are lacking.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Niroshan Siva, Charles T. Anderson
Summary: Catastrophic events like nuclear war could lead to adverse climate conditions and hinder crop growth. Research shows that converting plant biomass into food at 30% efficiency would provide enough carbohydrates but might result in potentially toxic or insufficient levels of other nutrients. Therefore, utilizing biomass with low mineral content for carbohydrates and supplementing with edible insects/single-cell proteins and vitamin supplements could offer a balanced diet in a global catastrophic environment.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN FOOD SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sedighe Keynia, Leila Jaafar, You Zhou, Charles T. Anderson, Joseph A. Turner
Summary: This study investigates the influence of cell wall architecture and turgor pressure on the biomechanics of stomata in plants. The results show that the mechanical properties of the cell wall and cell thickness have significant effects on stomatal dynamics, and changes in cell wall composition can be compensated by adjusting cell thickness to maintain stomatal function.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liyanage D. Fernando, Malitha C. Dickwella Widanage, S. Chandra Shekar, Frederic Mentink-Vigier, Ping Wang, Sungsool Wi, Tuo Wang
Summary: Fungal infections pose a significant threat to human health, especially for immunocompromised individuals. However, our understanding of the assembly and remodeling of fungal cell walls has been limited. High-resolution solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ss NMR) studies have provided new insights into the structure of polysaccharides and the organization of cell walls in Aspergillus fumigatus and other fungi. In this study, the dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) technique was used to compare the cell wall materials of A. fumigatus and C. albicans. The results confirmed the presence of a conserved carbohydrate core in the cell walls of both fungi, regardless of the culture media used. Additionally, the discovery of the function of alpha-glucan in forming the mechanical centers was validated. These findings not only contribute to our understanding of A. fumigatus cell walls at different stages but also have implications for the study of other challenging fungal materials and cellular systems.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY-X
(2022)
Correction
Plant Sciences
Juan Du, Charles T. Anderson, Chaowen Xiao
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nader Ghassemi, Alexandre Poulhazan, Fabien Deligey, Frederic Mentink-Vigier, Isabelle Marcotte, Tuo Wang
Summary: Extracellular matrixes play a vital role in supporting cell function, biofuel production, and antimicrobial treatment. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and magic-angle spinning-dynamic nuclear polarization are powerful tools for studying biomolecules in ECMs, offering promising opportunities for further research and development.
