Article
Clinical Neurology
Ali A. Asadi-Pooya, Maryam Homayoun
Summary: The study found significant demographic, clinical, and electrographic differences between females and males with IGE. Males had an onset of seizures 1.3 years earlier than females, with females reporting more myoclonic seizures and photoparoxysmal responses during EEG. The difference in syndromic diagnosis between the sexes was significant.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
William A. Schraegle, Rebecca F. Slomowitz, Carson Gundlach, David A. Hsu, Dace N. Almane, Carl E. Stafstrom, Michael Seidenberg, Jana E. Jones, Bruce P. Hermann
Summary: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and cognitive function, as well as clinical, sociodemographic, and family factors in children with new onset idiopathic epilepsy and healthy controls. The study found that socioeconomic hardship had a significant adverse impact on the cognitive and academic status of children with epilepsy, highlighting the need to consider this factor in understanding the neurobehavioral comorbidities of epilepsy.
Review
Immunology
Anahita Fathi, Marylyn M. Addo, Christine Dahlke
Summary: Vaccines are crucial in saving lives, but responses to vaccination may vary based on factors like gender and age. As COVID-19 vaccines are being developed, the gender-specific differences in vaccine response need more attention and research.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ashley J. Cooper, Sapana R. Gupta, Afaf F. Moustafa, Ariana M. Chao
Summary: Obesity is a multifactorial condition influenced by complex interactions among sex/gender, sociocultural, environmental, and physiological factors. More research on sex/gender is needed to investigate mechanisms underlying sex/gender differences in prevalence, comorbidities, and treatment, as well as to identify ways to increase men's interest and participation in obesity treatment, and examine differences in obesity prevalence and treatments for transgender and gender non-conforming individuals.
CURRENT OBESITY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katelyn A. Bruno, Andrea Carolina Morales-Lara, Edsel B. Bittencourt, Habeeba Siddiqui, Gabriella Bommarito, Jenil Patel, John M. Sousou, Gary R. Salomon, Rinald Paloka, Shelby T. Watford, David O. Hodge, Scott M. Lieberman, Todd D. Rozen, Paldeep S. Atwal, Peter T. Dorsher, Lynsey A. Seim, DeLisa Fairweather
Summary: The most common comorbidities in Sjogren's disease patients are fibromyalgia, depression, and pain. Women with Sjogren's disease have a higher risk of developing conditions like hypermobile syndromes and migraines, while men with Sjogren's disease are more likely to develop cardiovascular diseases.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yun Wan, Richeng Yu, Jianhua Luo, Ping Huang, Xingju Zheng, Liqun Sun, Kui Hu
Summary: The study identified a novel mutation (c.1223C>T, p. Ser408Leu) in the DHX37 gene associated with a Chinese pedigree consisting of two 46, XY DSD patients. The mutation caused decreased expression of DHX37 and upregulation of the beta-catenin protein, while the p53 protein remained unaltered. These findings suggest a potential molecular mechanism involving upregulation of the beta-catenin protein.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yilin Yoshida, Jia Wang, Yuanhao Zu
Summary: This study aims to examine the association between major comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality in men and women separately.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Xue-Lian Li, Zong-Jun Li, Xiao-Yu Liang, De-Tian Liu, Mi Jiang, Liang-Di Gao, Huan Li, Xue-Qing Tang, Yi-Wu Shi, Bing-Mei Li, Na He, Bin Li, Wen-Jun Bian, Yong-Hong Yi, Chuan-Fang Cheng, Jie Wang
Summary: This study found that CACNA1A gene mutations were associated with epilepsy, and the genotype-phenotype correlations were related to molecular sub-regions. The study also suggested that CACNA1A mutations were potentially associated with pure epilepsy and the spectrum of epileptic phenotypes potentially ranged from mild forms to severe developmental epileptic encephalopathy.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gareth M. Rurak, Barbara Woodside, Argel Aguilar-Valles, Natalina Salmaso
Summary: Astroglial cells play a crucial role in the development and function of the brain, interacting with gonadal hormones to influence sexual differentiation of the brain and potentially leading to gender differences in neuropsychiatric disorders. This provides insights into forebrain sexual dimorphisms in human populations.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Babken Asatryan, Lauren Yee, Yael Ben-Haim, Stephan Dobner, Helge Servatius, Laurent Roten, Hildegard Tanner, Lia Crotti, Jonathan R. Skinner, Carol Ann Remme, Philippe Chevalier, Argelia Medeiros-Domingo, Elijah R. Behr, Tobias Reichlin, Katja E. Odening, Andrew D. Krahn
Summary: Sex-related differences in cardiac channelopathies are increasingly recognized, with varying risks and clinical features between men and women in different conditions, mainly influenced by age and sex hormones. While sex-specific predictors have been identified, gaps in the mechanistic understanding of these differences remain, highlighting the need for further research to address these disparities and improve patient outcomes.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sarah Gutkind, Dvora Shmulewitz, Deborah Hasin
Summary: Men have a higher prevalence of cannabis use disorder (CUD) than women, but it is unclear whether this is due to differences in frequency of use. This study found that women had a higher prevalence of interpersonal, financial, and health-related problems associated with CUD compared to men.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mandy Laube, Ulrich H. Thome
Summary: This article discusses sex-specific differences in alveolar epithelial functions, with a focus on preterm infants and respiratory disorders associated with premature birth. It provides an overview of fetal lung development and the challenges faced during the transition to air breathing. The article also explores potential sex-specific causes of pulmonary complications and highlights the importance of understanding steroidogenic enzymes' expression during fetal lung development. Additionally, it reviews the knowledge about sex-specific aspects of lung growth and maturation, with a special emphasis on alveolar epithelial Na+ transport and the observed sex differences in this process.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Melinda Wang, Fred Gorelick, Aditi Bhargava
Summary: Differences in pancreatic anatomy, size, and function exist between men and women, contributing to increased complications in pancreatic surgery for women. While diagnostic criteria for pancreatitis are the same, major sex differences in etiology are reported, with alcohol and tobacco predominating in men and idiopathic and obstructive causes in women. Hormones like estrogens, progesterone, and androgens play a significant role in overall health outcomes, with estrogens potentially offering protective effects against cardiovascular and pancreatic diseases in premenopausal women, while androgens promote cell growth.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jiwon Seo, Hyeonju Jeong, Iksung Cho, Geu-Ru Hong, Jong-Won Ha, Chi Young Shim
Summary: The study revealed that women were more likely to have moderate-to-severe MAC and concomitant mitral regurgitation, while significant functional MS was comparable between sexes. Factors associated with moderate-to-severe MAC in women included old age, uncontrolled hypertension, end-stage renal disease, and obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, whereas end-stage renal disease and moderate-to-severe aortic stenosis were more relevant in men. Additionally, significant functional MS was independently linked to unfavorable clinical outcomes in both sexes, with a more pronounced impact on women.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joshua M. Bock, Ian M. Greenlund, Virend K. Somers, Sarah E. Baker
Summary: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, especially hypertension. However, potential sex differences in the sympathetic regulation of blood pressure in this population have not been investigated. This review aims to discuss the literature linking sympathetic nerve activity to hypertension in OSA, highlight recent experimental data supporting the hypothesis of sex differences in the regulation of sympathetic nerve activity in OSA, and explore potential sex differences in peripheral adrenergic signaling that may contribute to or offset cardiovascular risk in OSA patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Adam Caccavano, P. Lorenzo Bozzelli, Patrick A. Forcelli, Daniel T. S. Pak, Jian-Young Wu, Katherine Conant, Stefano Vicini
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Connor D. Courtney, Catherine Christian-Hinman
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Catherine A. Christian-Hinman
Summary: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of gene therapy by transducing preprodynorphin into the epileptogenic focus, leading to suppression of seizures and prevention of long-term decline in spatial learning and memory. The potential clinical translation of dynorphins in suppressing seizure-like activity was also observed in human hippocampal slices obtained from epilepsy surgery.
Article
Neurosciences
Elyssa M. LaFlamme, Hannah F. Waguespack, Patrick A. Forcelli, Ludise Malkova
Summary: The study discovered the critical role of parahippocampal cortex (PHC) and hippocampus in nonnavigational spatial memory. Through pharmacological inactivation of PHC and functional disconnection experiments, it was found that both play important roles in maintaining long-term spatial memory.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marko Culjat, Megan N. Huizenga, Patrick A. Forcelli
Summary: Perampanel and brivaracetam did not suppress seizures in P10 rats induced by DMCM, but they decreased seizure severity in P21 rats. The efficacy of these drugs may be limited for neonatal seizures but increases over early postnatal development.
PHARMACOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Elyssa M. LaFlamme, Ludise Malkova, Patrick A. Forcelli
Summary: For a long time, cholinergic neurotransmission in the hippocampus has been believed to be crucial for memory processing, but recent studies have shown that disrupting cholinergic transmission in the hippocampus does not significantly affect learning or memory in rodents. This study further confirms that the hippocampus is not the critical site for cholinergic neurotransmission in the context of spatial memory tasks.
BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kwan Young Lee, Jiuhe Zhu, Cathryn A. Cutia, Catherine A. Christian-Hinman, Justin S. Rhodes, Nien-Pei Tsai
Summary: The study reveals that the Nedd4-2 protein plays a crucial role in maintaining excitatory synapses in hippocampal neurons, allowing for long-term synaptic potentiation, and is necessary for various forms of hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Loss of Nedd4-2 leads to decreased actin polymerization, affecting phosphorylation of cofilin and ultimately impacting hippocampal synapse function and learning capabilities. Restoring cofilin phosphorylation in Nedd4-2 knockout neurons can partially reverse the deficits in hippocampus-dependent learning, shedding light on potential therapeutic strategies for infantile spasms.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Evan Wicker, Patrick A. Forcelli
Summary: The study suggests that the nucleus reticularis of the thalamus (nRT) may be a viable target for other seizure types, demonstrating suppression of seizure activity in experimental models simulating temporal lobe epilepsy.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thierry Alquier, Catherine A. Christian-Hinman, Julieta Alfonso, Nils J. Faergeman
Summary: Four decades ago, two polypeptides, DBI and ACBP, were discovered in the brain and liver respectively, with different roles. Despite being studied in parallel, there is no clear and integrated understanding of the dual roles of ACBP/DBI. The recent genetic loss-of-function models have provided new insights into the physiological roles of ACBP/DBI in vivo.
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Patrick A. Forcelli
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Elyssa M. LaFlamme, Farris Ahmed, Patrick A. Forcelli, Ludise Malkova
Summary: Goal-directed behavior and habit are parallel and competing processes. This study suggests that extended training in macaques does not lead to habit formation in the reinforcer devaluation task. These findings are consistent with previous research in humans and rodents that use multiple stimuli, reinforcers, and instrumental actions.
BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jennifer M. Walters, Eung Chang Kim, Jiaren Zhang, Han Gil Jeong, Archit Bajaj, Brian C. Baculis, Gregory C. Tracy, Baher Ibrahim, Catherine A. Christian-Hinman, Daniel A. Llano, Graham R. Huesmann, Hee Jung Chung
Summary: This study is the first to demonstrate that the drug TC-2153 has inhibitory effects on hippocampal excitability and seizure severity in both sexes. TC-2153 can reduce seizure severity and decrease overall hippocampal excitability.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Willian Lazarini-Lopes, Carolina Campos-Rodriguez, Devin Palmer, Prosper N. Gouemo, Norberto Garcia-Cairasco, Patrick A. Forcelli
Summary: The WAG/Rij strain of rats is commonly used as a preclinical model of genetic absence epilepsy. While absence seizure susceptibility increased with age in both male and female WAG/Rij rats, a previously unrecognized sex difference was found: male rats exhibited a more robust and consistent increase in absence epilepsy susceptibility compared to females. This study narrows the knowledge gap of age-dependent expression of SWDs in the WAG/Rij strain.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eung Chang Kim, Jiaren Zhang, Andy Y. Tang, Eric C. Bolton, Justin S. Rhodes, Catherine A. Christian-Hinman, Hee Jung Chung
Summary: This study reveals that impaired axonal surface expression of K(v)7 channels in KCNQ2-related epileptic encephalopathy is associated with epileptic seizures, cognitive and behavioral deficits, and neuronal loss.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Evan Wicker, Safwan K. Hyder, Patrick A. Forcelli
Summary: There is a significant unmet need for improved treatment for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). This study investigates the role of the midline thalamus, specifically the mediodorsal nucleus (MD), in the initiation and propagation of seizures. The results highlight the importance of projections from the MD to the prelimbic cortex in the propagation of amygdala-kindled seizures.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)