Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bernd Coester, Thomas A. Lutz, Christelle Le Foll
Summary: This study suggests that microglial amylin signaling is not a major player in the control of energy homeostasis in mice, as male mice with depleted CTR in microglia did not show significant differences in weight and metabolism compared to mice without depletion.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Thomas A. Lutz
Summary: This paper is a personal view on the milestones in the discovery of amylin and its roles in physiology and pathophysiology. Amylin, found in islet amyloid deposits in type 2 diabetics, contributes to beta-cell damage and has diverse metabolic functions, including inhibition of eating and pancreatic glucagon secretion. The knowledge of these functions has led to the development of amylin analogues as promising anti-obesity targets.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sanne Hage La Cour, Kiki Juhler, Lisette J. A. Kogelman, Jes Olesen, Dan Arne Klaerke, David Mobjerg Kristensen, Inger Jansen-Olesen
Summary: The use of new CGRP receptor antagonists and monoclonal antibodies targeting CGRP and CGRP-R has provided new treatment options for migraine patients. The study showed that erenumab and rimegepant are potent antagonists of CGRP-R and AMY(1)-R with significantly higher preference for CGRP-R over AMY(1)-R.
JOURNAL OF HEADACHE AND PAIN
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Lauren M. Stein, Lauren E. McGrath, Rinzin Lhamo, Kieran Koch-Laskowski, Samantha M. Fortin, Jolanta Skarbaliene, Tamara Baader-Pagler, Rasmus Just, Matthew R. Hayes, Elizabeth G. Mietlicki-Baase
Summary: ZP5461 shows potential in reducing food intake and body weight in rats, but it fails to sustainably suppress intake and weight gain in the long term. The activation of DVC CTRs plays a significant role in the early reductions in intake and weight gain caused by chronic systemic ZP5461 administration. Future studies are needed to explore alternative dosing regimens of ZP5461 for prolonged body weight suppression.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amber L. Alhadeff
Summary: The coordination between the gut and the brain is crucial for appropriate food intake, with gastrointestinal signals influencing neural activity and feeding behavior. Recent research has advanced our understanding of gut-brain signaling and food intake control, leading to potential new treatment strategies for diseases related to body weight control.
Article
Biology
Cristina Velasco, Marta Conde-Sieira, Sara Comesana, Mauro Chivite, Jesus M. Miguez, Jose L. Soengas
Summary: In this study using rainbow trout as a model, the G protein-coupled receptors GPR84 and GPR119 were investigated for their roles in food intake regulation. The treatment with agonists for these receptors induced an anorectic response in the fish, leading to changes in mRNA abundance of neuropeptides and related transcription factors. These changes were associated with phosphorylation status of FOXO1, AMPKa, and Akt, as well as signaling pathways related to PLC beta and IP3.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lone B. Enebo, Kasper K. Berthelsen, Martin Kankam, Michael T. Lund, Domenica M. Rubino, Altynai Satylganova, David C. W. Lau
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of the combination of Cagrilintide and Semaglutide for weight management. Results showed that concomitant treatment with Cagrilintide and Semaglutide was well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile. Larger and longer trials are needed to fully assess the efficacy and safety of this treatment combination.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lanlan Yu, Ruonan Wang, Shucong Li, Ufuoma I. Kara, Eric C. Boerner, Boyuan Chen, Feiyi Zhang, Zhongyi Jian, Shuyuan Li, Mingwei Liu, Yang Wang, Shuli Liu, Yanlian Yang, Chen Wang, Wenbo Zhang, Yuxing Yao, Xiaoguang Wang, Chenxuan Wang
Summary: Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is used to distinguish 18 coexisting conformational substates of the β-strand of hIAPP 8-37 and analyze the peptide-peptide interactions. This method also validates the existence of multiple conformations in other β-sheet peptide assemblies. The results provide insights into the conformational ensemble and interpeptide interactions in β-sheet peptide assembly.
ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Irshad Reza, Anees A. Syed, Sanjana Kumariya, Pragati Singh, Athar Husain, Jiaur R. Gayen
Summary: The research suggests that PST can induce the aggregation of IAPP in the pancreas, liver, and skeletal muscle, potentially leading to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Xiangsheng Zhang, Chaokai Huang, Yuhang Yang, Xiangkai Li, Chen Guo, Zheng Yang, Shichao Xie, Jiaxiang Luo, Tingting Zhu, Wenli Zhao, Min Jin, Qicun Zhou
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary corn starch levels on glucose metabolic responses in Portunus trituberculatus. The results showed that the glucose concentration in hemolymph was affected by corn starch levels and sampling time. Enzyme activities and gene expressions related to glucose metabolism were also influenced.
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qianqian Wang, Fang'ai Liu, Xiaohui Zhao, Qiaoqiao Tan
Summary: This paper focuses on user multiple session interest and proposes a hierarchical model based on session interest (SIHM) for click-through rate (CTR) prediction. The model divides user sequential behavior into session layers, uses a self-attention network to accurately represent the interest in each session, employs a bidirectional long short-term memory network to capture the interaction of different session interests, and utilizes an attention mechanism based LSTM to aggregate their influence on target ads. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms other models.
Review
Pediatrics
H. W. Dalrymple
Summary: This paper explores the impact of GDPR on paediatric trials, highlighting the need to consider additional considerations and respect the rights of children. It also suggests that conducting paediatric clinical trials within GDPR requirements is possible with careful consideration during protocol drafting.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Soraya Arrigoni, Christelle Le Foll, Andrea Cabak, Sofia Lundh, Kirsten Raun, Linu M. John, Thomas A. Lutz
Summary: The study found that the absence of RAMP1 did not significantly affect the efficacy of NN1213 in mice, while sCT remained inactive; however, the absence of RAMP3 hindered the efficacy of NN1213 but improved the efficacy of sCT. AMY3 seems to play a crucial role in modulating the action of these two compounds, but in opposite directions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Lazicki, D. McGonegle, J. R. Rygg, D. G. Braun, D. C. Swift, M. G. Gorman, R. F. Smith, P. G. Heighway, A. Higginbotham, M. J. Suggit, D. E. Fratanduono, F. Coppari, C. E. Wehrenberg, R. G. Kraus, D. Erskine, J. V. Bernier, J. M. McNaney, R. E. Rudd, G. W. Collins, J. H. Eggert, J. S. Wark
Summary: Carbon, the fourth-most prevalent element in the Universe, is essential for life and exists in multiple allotropes. Experimental results show that solid carbon retains its diamond structure even under extreme pressure, providing insights into the structure of carbon-rich exoplanets.
Review
Spectroscopy
Laura Moracci, Sara Crotti, Pietro Traldi, Marco Agostini, Chiara Cosma, Annunziata Lapolla
Summary: Amylin is a neuroendocrine hormone synthesized with insulin, involved in regulating glucose homeostasis. However, it can readily form amyloid in vitro, leading to various diseases. Mass spectrometry has been proven to be an effective tool in studying the behavior of amylin and can provide valuable information to develop medical strategies for preventing amyloid formation.
MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dominik Pretz, Christelle Le Foll, Mohammed Z. Rizwan, Thomas A. Lutz, Alexander Tups
Summary: High levels of leptin may exacerbate weight gain and gliosis in the hypothalamus of obese mice on a high-fat diet, while a long-acting leptin antagonist could improve glucose tolerance and reduce the number of glial cells in the hypothalamus of diet-induced obese mice.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
I. T. Rast, E. Zini, C. Wolfrum, T. A. Lutz, C. E. Reusch, E. Salesov
Summary: Obesity leads to insulin resistance and is a major risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus in cats. ROR gamma and its target gene MMP3 play a key role in the development of large insulin-resistant adipocytes. THBA inhibits ROR gamma, reduces adipocyte size, and improves insulin sensitivity.
DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amalia Ruiz-Serrano, Christina N. Boyle, Josep M. Monne Rodriguez, Julia Guenter, Agnieszka E. Jucht, Svende Pfundstein, Andreas M. Bapst, Thomas A. Lutz, Roland H. Wenger, Carsten C. Scholz
Summary: Dysregulated energy metabolism is a major cause of various diseases. OTUB1 plays an important regulatory role in energy metabolism. Deletion of OTUB1 in mice leads to increased energy expenditure and improved glucose metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bernd Coester, Thomas A. Lutz, Christelle Le Foll
Summary: This study suggests that microglial amylin signaling is not a major player in the control of energy homeostasis in mice, as male mice with depleted CTR in microglia did not show significant differences in weight and metabolism compared to mice without depletion.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Thomas A. Lutz
Summary: This paper is a personal view on the milestones in the discovery of amylin and its roles in physiology and pathophysiology. Amylin, found in islet amyloid deposits in type 2 diabetics, contributes to beta-cell damage and has diverse metabolic functions, including inhibition of eating and pancreatic glucagon secretion. The knowledge of these functions has led to the development of amylin analogues as promising anti-obesity targets.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anne Jomard, Luca Liberale, Petia Doytcheva, Martin F. Reiner, Daniel Muller, Michele Visentin, Marco Bueter, Thomas F. Luscher, Roberto Vettor, Thomas A. Lutz, Giovanni G. Camici, Elena Osto
Summary: The study found that elevated levels of plasmatic TMAO within the near-physiological range appear to be neutral bystanders to vascular function, as observed in patients after bariatric surgery, healthy lean rodent models, and endothelial cells acutely exposed to TMAO.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lavinia Boccia, Tito Borner, Misgana Y. Ghidewon, Patricia Kulka, Chiara Piffaretti, Sarah A. Doebley, Bart C. De Jonghe, Harvey J. Grill, Thomas A. Lutz, Christelle Le Foll
Summary: The study found that sCT, but not amylin, activates neuronal pathways associated with malaise, leading to a stronger anorectic effect.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Christina N. Boyle, Yi Zheng, Thomas A. Lutz
Summary: Amylin, a pancreatic beta-cell hormone, plays important physiological roles in metabolic control, such as regulating satiation, gastric emptying, and glucagon secretion. Amylin analogs have emerged as promising approaches for obesity and diabetes treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Sophia J. Wiedemann, Kelly Trimigliozzi, Erez Dror, Daniel T. Meier, Jose Alberto Molina-Tijeras, Leila Rachid, Christelle Le Foll, Christophe Magnan, Friederike Schulze, Marc Stawiski, Stephanie P. Haeuselmann, Helene Mereau, Marianne Boeni-Schnetzler, Marc Y. Donath
Summary: This study reveals that the initial cephalic phase of insulin secretion is mediated through the vagus nerve and IL-10 is involved in this process. IL-10 stimulates postprandial insulin secretion through neuronal transmission and is produced by microglia. It activates the vagus nerve and regulates hypothalamic activity. Impaired IL-10 signaling contributes to the dysregulation of cephalic phase insulin release in obesity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel T. Meier, Leila Rachid, Sophia J. Wiedemann, Shuyang Traub, Kelly Trimigliozzi, Marc Stawiski, Loic Sauteur, Denise Winter, Christelle Le Foll, Catherine Bregere, Raphael Guzman, Alex Odermatt, Marianne Boeni-Schnetzler, Marc Y. Donath
Summary: Defective insulin processing due to deficiency of insulin prohormone convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) leads to hyperglycemia and hyperphagic obesity. Impaired insulin maturation, rather than impaired pro-islet amyloid polypeptide processing, is the cause of obesity. Insulin therapy can prevent hyperphagia. Furthermore, decreased PC1/3 expression levels in pancreatic islets are negatively correlated with body mass index in humans.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nathalie Guriec, Christelle Le Foll, Jacques Delarue
Summary: This study investigated the effects of long-chain n-3 PUFA (LC n-3 PUFA) on preventing fetal programming in male offspring from pregnant rats fed a high-fat (HF) diet. The results showed that the offspring from HF-fed dams exhibited glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, while the offspring from dams fed HF with LC n-3 PUFA did not. Therefore, introducing LC n-3 PUFA in the diet of pregnant rats on a high-fat diet can partially prevent the development of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in adult offspring.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erica R. R. Hendrikse, Tayla A. A. Rees, Zoe Tasma, Michael L. L. Garelja, Andrew Siow, Paul W. R. Harris, John B. B. Pawlak, Kathleen M. M. Caron, Elizabeth S. S. Blakeney, Andrew F. F. Russo, Levi P. P. Sowers, Thomas A. A. Lutz, Christelle Le Foll, Christopher S. S. Walker, Debbie L. L. Hay
Summary: This study evaluated antibodies for the detection of RAMP1 protein and found that two antibodies could detect a RAMP1-like band in rodent brain tissue, but with cross-reactivity to other proteins. The anatomical localization of RAMP1 in the brain could not be determined, highlighting the need for comprehensive validation of RAMP1 antibodies. This research has broader implications for GPCR/ligand pairings beyond the field of CGRP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thomas A. A. Lutz
Summary: Although small rodents are the most widely used animal models to study diabetes mellitus, non-rodent species like pigs, cats, and dogs also provide valuable insights. Animal models, including both rodents and non-rodent species, are essential for studying energy balance, metabolism control, and the development of metabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus. This Review outlines the advantages and disadvantages of selected animal models and aims to establish a basis for their appropriate use in biomedical research.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Pacini, Bo Ahren
Summary: Tirzepatide stimulates both insulin secretion and glucose effectiveness, with stimulation of glucose effectiveness being the prominent process to reduce glucose.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Si -yu Wang, Yu-zhe Zhang, Xiao-han Liu, Xue-ci Guo, Xiao-fang Wang, Feng-tong Han, Yao Zhang, Chang -lin Wang
Summary: In the formalin pain test, the EM-2 analogs EM-2-Me, EM-2-Et, and EM-2-Bu showed significant analgesic effects with reduced tolerance and gastrointestinal side effects. These effects were mediated through central opioid mechanisms, with EM-2-Me possibly involving dynorphin A release and EM-2-Bu directly activating multiple opioid receptors.