Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Rodrigo Mendes Gerosa, Jonas H. Osorio, Daniel Lopez-Cortes, Cristiano M. B. Cordeiro, Christiano J. S. De Matos
Summary: A distributed pressure sensor using an embedded-core fiber and autocorrelation analysis with an OFDR is described in this paper. The fiber exhibited a birefringence sensitivity to pressure of 3.8x10(-7) bar(-1), which is 21% higher than that of commercial photonic crystal fibers.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hua Zheng, Jingdong Zhang, Nan Guo, Tao Zhu
Summary: This article discusses the research progress of distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFS) for dynamic measurement. By introducing the basic principles and latest technologies, it demonstrates the potential applications of DOFS in dynamic parameter measurement and multi-parameter sensing.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lidong Lu, Xingchen Su, Chenglong Zhang, Qinghao Gao, Xiande Bu
Summary: This work introduces a significant instrument, the coherent optical time domain reflectometer (COTDR), for monitoring mountain fire, ice, lightning strikes, and long-distance optical fiber composite overhead power transmission lines. It analyzes the characteristics of coherent Rayleigh noise (CRN) and studies the temperature/strain demodulation algorithm in noise conditions. Based on different noise coefficients and independent frequency sweeping points, the optimal parameter choice for a sensing fiber with a length of 100 km or more is determined.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Jiawei Wang, Yifeng Han, Zhenglong Cao, Xiyong Xu, Jiake Zhang, Feipeng Xiao
Summary: Optical fiber sensors (OFS) are widely used in road engineering to monitor the condition and integrity of pavements. The development of this technology started in the early 21st century and has been extensively studied since then. This review summarizes the commonly used optical fiber sensors and their classification methodologies in road engineering. It also discusses the principles and applications of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors and distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFS) in pavement monitoring. FBG sensors are capable of accurately measuring road strain, temperature, pressure, and weigh-in-motion (WIM) data. DOFS can measure pavement crack width, detect voids under concrete slabs, and obtain vehicle load information. However, further tests in real traffic conditions are needed to enhance the survival rate of fiber optic sensors and evaluate the accuracy of measurement results.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Honglin Liang, Jing Wang, Lihui Zhang, Jichao Liu, Shanshan Wang
Summary: This paper reviews the most recently developed sensors for single parameter and multi-parameter TSP sensing and measurement based on different optical fiber sensors (OFSs). It also addresses the encapsulation methods to protect the fibers and maintain the normal operation of OFSs in seawater, as well as the response time of the OFS. Finally, the prospects and challenges of using OFSs in marine environments are discussed, along with providing some clues for future work.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shiyuan Zhao, Jiwen Cui, Zhanjun Wu, Ziyun Wang, Jiubin Tan
Summary: Fiber deformation measurement is crucial for monitoring the health of a structure, with the optical phase tracking in OFDR scheme used to accurately measure stress, strain, or deformation. The differential phase is acquired by comparing the phase spectrum of the reference and measurement states, with a proposed phase unwrapping method based on density distribution to obtain a full unwrapped low-noise phase of the fiber. Additionally, a phase correction method is proposed to improve phase coherence and track fiber deformation with a resolution of tens of microns.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Optics
Ignazio Floris, Jose M. Adam, Pedro A. Calderon, Salvador Sales
Summary: Fiber Optic Shape Sensing technology utilizes fiber optic cables to track the 3D shape and position of dynamic objects in real-time, offering advantages such as ease of installation, intrinsic safety, compactness, and resistance to harsh environments. This technology has a wide range of applications in various fields and has the potential to bring significant improvements to Civil, Mechanical, Aerospace Engineering, Biomedicine, and Medicine.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Na Zhao, Zhongkai Zhang, Qijing Lin, Kun Yao, Liangquan Zhu, Yi Chen, Libo Zhao, Bian Tian, Ping Yang, Zhuangde Jiang
Summary: In electrohydrostatic drive actuators, there is a need for temperature and pressure monitoring in complex environments. This paper proposes a gold-plated Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor that has high sensitivity to both temperature and pressure, enabling simultaneous measurement of both parameters. Experimental results show that the temperature sensitivity of the gold-plated FBG is 3 times that of the quartz FBG, while the pressure response sensitivity is the same. Therefore, this sensor has great potential for health monitoring in complex environments with high temperature and high pressure.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Hanghua Zhang, Lucen Hao, Shipeng Zhang, Jianzhuang Xiao, Chi Sun Poon
Summary: This study developed a novel method using distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFS) to measure the plastic shrinkage of 3D-printed concrete (3DPC) and monitor the cracking risks in the early stage. The feasibility of using optical frequency domain reflectometry to measure the plastic shrinkage of 3DPC was experimentally studied, with a coefficient of variation between 6.99% and 8.05% for the results obtained. This advanced measurement technique not only detects cracks but also predicts their occurrence.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Yilin Wang, Zhuoping Wu, Fuyong Wang
Summary: With the development of unconventional oil and gas resources, downhole environmental monitoring and data-analysis technologies are becoming increasingly important. Distributed fiber optic measurement technology, as a new monitoring technology, has a wide range of applications in hydraulic fracturing and production monitoring, providing strong technical support for the development of unconventional oil and gas resources.
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xuekai Gao, Tigang Ning, Li Pei, Jingjing Zheng, Jing Li, Jianshuai Wang, Chuncan Wang, Caijian Xie
Summary: The proposed optical fiber sensor based on NCF and TCF has a hybrid structure that effectively addresses cross-sensitivity issues, allowing for simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature with high sensitivities.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ye Tian, Gui Xiao, Yanhua Luo, Jianzhong Zhang, Libo Yuan
Summary: This article reviews the development of nanoliter liquid sensors based on microhole fiber, outlining their characteristics and advantages, and aims to provide useful reference for researchers and students.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ye Tian, Gui Xiao, Yanhua Luo, Jianzhong Zhang, Libo Yuan
Summary: Microhole optical fiber sensors have great potential in the measurement of nanoliter liquid, with their simple structure and high sensitivity meeting the requirements of various multi-parameter measurements.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tianliang Li, Dongjian Wu, Mohammad Omar Khyam, Dongjian Wu, Jinxiu Guo, Yuegang Tan, Zude Zhou
Summary: Fiber optic sensors have great potential for deformation sensing, with better anti-interference performance compared to electrical-based sensors. This review introduces contact and non-contact types of fiber optic deformation sensors and analyzes their limitations and development prospects in applications.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yufang Bai, Jie Zeng, Jiwei Huang, Zhenfeng Yan, Yaxing Wu, Kaiyu Li, Qiang Wu, Dakai Liang
Summary: A simple singlemode-multimode-singlemode (SMS) optical fiber sensor is proposed and investigated for measuring the air pressure of a circular thin plate in this paper. The experimental results show good repeatability and low hysteresis rate, making it suitable for high-precision pressure measurement. The key features of the sensor are its simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and high accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Giorgia Dalla Santa, Philippe Pasquier, Luca Schenato, Antonio Galgaro
Summary: This article introduces an innovative method using hybrid optic fiber cables to detect vertical profile of ground thermal conductivity. The method has high spatial and temporal resolution and can accurately evaluate the local heat exchange capability. By conducting experiments on a well in the Po Plain, a new multiple linear regression analysis method is proposed to distinguish the thermal conductivity of different granulometric units.
JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiao Ye, Hong-Hu Zhu, Jia Wang, Qin Zhang, Bin Shi, Luca Schenato, Alessandro Pasuto
Summary: This study presents an innovative fiber-optic nerve system based on weak-reflection fiber Bragg grating to monitor a giant landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir region in China. The system can measure and image the spatiotemporal distributions of temperature, moisture, and strain along boreholes in near real-time, providing unique insights into the subsurface thermo-hydro-mechanical link and the trigger of accelerated movements.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Gianluca Marcon, Andrea Galtarossa, Luca Palmieri, Marco Santagiustina
Summary: The equations describing light propagation in a few-mode fiber for space-division multiplexing are derived, considering linear mode coupling and both Kerr- and Raman-induced nonlinearity. The effect of fiber imperfections on the gain of a forward-pumped Raman-amplified link is assessed through numerical simulations, taking into account physical models of stress birefringence and core ellipticity. The study evaluates the average gain and the variation of signal power at the output of the amplified fiber span for different levels of coupling strength in fibers supporting 2 and 4 groups of LP modes, and identifies three main propagation regimes as well as assesses the effect of coupling between different groups of degenerate modes.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Luca Palmieri, Luca Schenato, Marco Santagiustina, Andrea Galtarossa
Summary: This paper discusses the unique technology of distributed optical fiber sensing and the Rayleigh scattering as one of the important scattering mechanisms. Rayleigh scattering has advantages such as high efficiency, high SNR, and high measurement rate, making it suitable for long-distance measurements and high spatial resolution.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mirko Magarotto, Luca Schenato, Paola De Carlo, Antonio-Daniele Capobianco
Summary: This study examines the use of magnetized plasmas for polarization conversion on reflective surfaces, and presents a theoretical model to assess its feasibility. The study also includes the numerical design of a plasma-based reflective surface capable of linear-to-linear and linear-to-circular polarization conversion over a wide frequency range. The design requires a tunable magnetic field intensity of 55-140 mT and control of plasma density up to 2 x 10(18) m(-3), which align with current plasma technology advancements.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Arman Aitkulov, Leonardo Marcon, Alessandro Chiuso, Luca Palmieri, Andrea Galtarossa
Summary: The paper presents a machine learning approach to estimate the phase in a distributed acoustic sensor using optical frequency domain reflectometry, with increased robustness at fading points. A neural network configuration is trained using simulated optical signals based on the Rayleigh scattering pattern of a perturbed fiber. The proposed method is compared with the standard homodyne detection method using numerically generated scattering profiles, and it shows an improvement of at least 5.1 dB in detection when tested on real experimental measurements.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
M. Magarotto, L. Schenato, P. De Carlo, M. Santagiustina, A. Galtarossa, A. -D. Capobianco
Summary: Plasma-based intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) use electronically controlled elements to reconfigure the radiation environment between transmitting and receiving antennas. The design of a plasma-based IRS is proposed, taking into account practical constraints such as glass vessels, metal electrodes, and non-uniform plasma parameters. Remarkably, a fractional bandwidth larger than 10% is feasible at a central frequency of 10 GHz.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mohammad Ali Shameli, Antonio-D Capobianco, Luca Schenato, Marco Santagiustina, Domenico De Ceglia
Summary: In this paper, a novel reconfigurable metasurface architecture is proposed and evaluated for wavefront control in millimeter-wave wireless systems. The metasurface, made of engineered silicon bricks covered with a thin film of vanadium dioxide, demonstrates anomalous reflection with 93% efficiency and 15% relative bandwidth at 60 GHz. By applying a thermal stimulus, the metasurface undergoes a phase transition in vanadium dioxide, leading to specular reflection. This device allows dynamic control of millimeter waves, making it suitable for various applications in 5G and 6G systems.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mirko Magarotto, Luca Schenato, Marco Santagiustina, Andrea Galtarossa, Antonio-Daniele Capobianco
Summary: This study proposes a design for a reflective surface that operates in the GHz range and enables beam-steering and polarization conversion simultaneously. The concept utilizes plasma-based Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRS) with magnetized plasma. Numerical results indicate that the proposed concepts are feasible within the specified range of plasma density and magnetostatic field intensity. The operation frequency is 10 GHz, and the bandwidth is between 0.5-0.8 GHz for the two plasma-based IRSs presented in this work.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mirko Magarotto, Luca Schenato, Marco Santagiustina, Andrea Galtarossa, Antonio-Daniele Capobianco
Summary: The numerical design of a plasma-based dual-band reflective surface is investigated in this work. By controlling the plasma density and reconfiguring the conventional metallic surface, independent steering of signals in Ku-band and Ka-band is demonstrated.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mohammad Ali Shameli, Mirko Magarotto, Antonio-D Capobianco, Luca Schenato, Marco Santagiustina, Domenico De Ceglia
Summary: A novel architecture of reconfigurable, flat metalens with electrically tunable focal length is proposed for wireless communication systems operating at millimeter wave frequencies. The metalens is made of reflective silicon bricks distributed on a grounded multilayer with phase-transition material films, allowing for different focal lengths. Numerical investigation shows that the metalens can reversibly tune focal length at specific distances and remains tunable within a certain frequency range. This has significant importance for dynamically controlling the focal point of millimeter waves in wireless communications.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mirko Magarotto, Luca Schenato, Marco Santagiustina, Andrea Galtarossa, Antonio-Daniele Capobianco
Summary: This paper proposes a theoretical model for assessing the performance of plasma-based reflecting and transmitting surfaces, and explores the feasibility of implementing beam steering and polarization control. The model is verified and used for the numerical design of a reconfigurable plasma-aided horn antenna. The proposed solution allows for both beam steering and polarization control using a plasma-based transmitting surface.
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Luca Schenato, Nicola Fabbian, Giorgia Dalla Santa, Paolo Simonini, Fabio De Polo, Giacomo Tedesco, Gianluca Marcato, Simonetta Cola
Summary: This work presents the application of optical fiber sensors in monitoring and characterizing the soil temperature of river embankments, highlighting that optical fiber sensors are currently the only viable technology capable of measuring temperature with the required spatial resolution.
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MEASUREMENTS & NETWORKING (M&N 2022)
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mirko Magarotto, Luca Schenato, Paola De Carlo, Antonio-Daniele Capobianco
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of plasma-based Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRSs) and proposes two designs for plasma-based IRSs. The main advantage of plasma-based IRSs over metallic systems is the ability to reconfigure antenna performance, but the main drawback is the need for thick plasma elements.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yanning Xu, Wei Fan, Hong Gao, Xueguang Qiao
Summary: A low-frequency accelerometer based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) and spring structure is proposed to meet the needs of seismic wave monitoring in low-frequency oil exploration. The experimental results show that the accelerometer has high sensitivity, sufficient operating range, and is expected to be suitable for low-frequency oil exploration.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Wenlei Li, Ruping Lin, Guangwei Chen, Gaoli Geng, Peng Xu, Yining Yang, Xinliang Wang, Jian Xu
Summary: We present experimental findings of three types of bound solitons in Erbium-doped fiber lasers using black phosphorus saturable absorber. The passively mode-locked laser generates stretched-pulse state, double-pulse, and four-pulse bound states with sech2-shaped pulse profile. By adjusting the polarization state, the laser can also achieve Lorentzian autocorrelation trace with a duration of approximately 562 fs and deliver Lorentzian double-pulse bound state with pulse separations of approximately 5.04 ps. This research demonstrates the possibility of obtaining different types of bound state pulses in the same fiber laser and provides a foundation for further studies on bound state pulses.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Weizong Zheng, Mingyue Wang, Yingxuan Liu, Caihong Cheng, Ya-nan Zhang
Summary: A method for preparing PDMS-based fiber structure and its performance for VOC gas sensing were reported in this paper. The sensor demonstrated good sensitivity and excellent characteristics.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ali Golmohammadi, Navid Hasheminejad, David Hernando, Steve Vanlanduit, Wim Van den Bergh
Summary: In recent years, the use of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor technology has become increasingly popular in various engineering applications, especially for structural health monitoring purposes. FBG sensors have advantages such as small size, immunity to electromagnetic interference, resistance to corrosion, and high accuracy and sensitivity. However, the presence of noise in FBG sensor signals affects measurement precision, making denoising an important aspect of FBG sensor systems. This study evaluated the performance of discretized wavelet transform (DWT) for denoising FBG signals using strain data collected from FBG sensors embedded in a road section. The results showed successful denoising of FBG signals and preservation of low amplitude strains without any loss of valuable data.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
P. J. Reyes-Iglesias, A. Ortega-Monux, D. Izquierdo, I. Garces, I. Molina-Fernandez
Summary: The study proposes a novel experimental setup and a signal-to-noise ratio expression to simplify the experimental characterization of high-performance colorless coherent receivers.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Liwen Xiong, Haihua Zhong, Shengpeng Wan, Junsong Yu
Summary: This study utilized a monitoring system based on a single-point curved fiber pulse sensor to collect pulse wave signals from a human radial artery. The features of the signals were used to estimate pulse wave transit time and blood pressure values, and the results met the criteria set by the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. This real-time monitoring system shows potential in predicting human physiological signals.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yuanfei Gong, Benli Yu, Jinhui Shi, Dong Guang, Mingyuan Zhou, Shengquan Mu, Chongxu Fang, Xuqiang Wu, Cheng Zuo, Shili Li
Summary: This paper proposes an improved algorithm that uses fast Fourier transform (FFT) to eliminate carrier phase delay in fiber optic interferometer sensors in real-time. The algorithm improves the accuracy and stability of demodulation and expands the application range.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chuanju Hu, Changning Liu, Chao Jiang, Simei Sun
Summary: This work proposes and prepares a high-sensitive fiber optic gas pressure sensor based on the first harmonic vernier effect (FHVE). The sensor has two parallel Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPI) made of single-mode fibers and capillary tubes. The end face of the sensing cavity is cut with a femtosecond laser pulse to enhance gas pressure sensitivity. The sensor achieves a high gas pressure sensitivity and is temperature insensitive, making it suitable for monitoring pressure in extreme conditions.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Fan Yang, Chenglin Bai, Xinyu Chi, Ruohui Zhang, Qi Qi, Zukai Sun, Hengying Xu, Lishan Yang, Wanxiang Bi, Yu Zhang
Summary: In this paper, a novel joint monitoring scheme utilizing Hough transform images combined with multi-task residual neural network is proposed for elastic optical network (EON). The scheme can simultaneously achieve monitoring and estimation of multiple parameters. By optimizing the skip connections, the issue of information loss caused by impaired optical signals is effectively resolved. Experimental results demonstrate excellent performance and tolerance of the scheme.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tetsushi Matsuda, Satoshi Kitaoka, Kenji Nakahira, Taishi Ito, Takeharu Kato, Junzo Kasahara
Summary: DFOS devices deployed in geothermal boreholes require optical fibers that can withstand high temperatures and understanding the deterioration behavior at these temperatures is crucial for predicting device lifetimes.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Punithavathi M. Thirunavakkarasu, Abdul Ali Khan, Ahmad Shukri Muhammad Noor, Norazlina bte Saidin, Nawaf Waqas
Summary: There has been a growing demand for reliable ethanol sensors in the pharmaceutical and food industries. This study introduces a new fiber optic sensor coated with gold to improve its sensitivity and uses Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). The sensor's performance was evaluated by analyzing wavelength shifts caused by varying ethanol concentration.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
