Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wan-Lin Wu, Shu-Wen Chang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between subjective symptoms, objective signs, and dermatochalasis severity in dry-eye patients and the effects of lid hygiene on dry-eye parameters. The results showed that patients with more severe dermatochalasis had less severe symptoms and poorer meibomian gland expressibility, higher meiboscale grades, and thicker lipid-layer thickness. Lid hygiene significantly improved subjective symptoms, lipid-layer thickness, and aqueous tear secretion, particularly in patients with less severe dermatochalasis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Tiphanie Audelan, Gilles Martin, Emmanuel Marciano, Perrine Gillard, Georges Azar, Isabelle Cochereau, Eric Gabison, Serge Doan
Summary: This study describes the clinical, meibographic, and interferometric signs in children with ocular rosacea. It found that meibographic abnormalities were more severe in children with ocular rosacea, and they were correlated with clinical severity, disease duration, and a history of eye disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Keisuke Watanabe, Masataka Yoshida, Takashi Okumura, Takayuki Sassa, Akio Kihara, Akira Uchiyama
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of a mineral oil-containing ophthalmic solution in mitigating evaporative dry eye symptoms in a mouse model with disrupted fatty acid elongase Elovl1. The results showed that mineral oil was effective in improving dry eye symptoms. This research provides new insights into the treatment of dry eye disease.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hsin-Yu Weng, Wei-Ting Ho, Chiung-Yi Chiu, Tzu-Yun Tsai, Shu-Wen Chang
Summary: The study found that younger patients with dry eye disease (DED) had more severe subjective symptoms, higher SPEED and OSDI scores, thinner LLT, lower extent of meibomian gland dropout, and more blinks compared to older patients. This may be due to less impact on the structure and function of the meibomian glands in younger patients.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Deborah Lee, Seoyoon Song, Geonho Cho, Lucia C. Dalle Ore, Noah Malmstadt, Ahmed Fuwad, Sun Min Kim, Tae-Joon Jeon
Summary: This study reveals the important role of lysozyme in tear film lipid layer functionality, improving ocular health through increased tear evaporation and resistance to bacterial invasion.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhengyu Gu, Qinyi Lu, Ao Zhang, Zong Wen Shuai, Rongfeng Liao
Summary: The study showed that Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients without secondary Sjogren's syndrome are at a higher risk for dry eye disease (DED) compared to healthy populations, with poorer ocular surface characteristics and tear film quality. A combination of SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI), age, and non-invasive tear film breakup time (NIKBUT) demonstrated high efficiency in diagnosing DED in SLE patients, suggesting practical clinical applications.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Safal Khanal, Yuqiang Bai, William Ngo, Kelly K. Nichols, Landon Wilson, Stephen Barnes, Jason J. Nichols
Summary: The study found that some human meibum-derived OAHFAs were significantly associated with precorneal tear film thinning, potentially related to eye health. However, tear film-derived OAHFAs showed no association with the rate of precorneal tear film thinning.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chulaluck Tangmonkongvoragul, Susama Chokesuwattanaskul, Chetupon Khankaeo, Ruethairat Punyasevee, Lapat Nakkara, Suttipat Moolsan, Onpreeya Unruan
Summary: Dry eye disease (DED) has a high prevalence of 70.8% among medical students, with factors such as female gender, contact lens use, and high stress scores being associated with a higher risk of DED. Early management strategies focusing on modifiable risk factors like contact lens use and psychological stress may be beneficial for preventing DED in this population.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hae Min Park, Won June Lee, Han Woong Lim, Yu Jeong Kim
Summary: This study investigates the immediate impact of warm compression and mechanical squeezing of the eyelids on tear film lipid layer thickness (TFLLT) and meibomian gland (MG) structure in MGD patients. The results show that warm compression significantly increases TFLLT in normal eyes and mechanical squeezing does not cause noticeable damage to the MG. These findings suggest that mechanical expression is a safe and effective therapeutic option for MGD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yaying Wu, Chunyang Wang, Xin Wang, Yujie Mou, Kelan Yuan, Xiaodan Huang, Xiuming Jin
Summary: Dry eye-related ocular surface examination is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of dry eye disease. However, there is still confusion about the choice of examination method, ensuring repeatability, and accurately interpreting the results. This review systematically evaluates previous examinations, analyzes the latest views and research hotspots, and provides a reference for the diagnosis and management of dry eye.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Yilin Song, Sile Yu, Xingru He, Lanting Yang, Yi Wu, Guanghao Qin, Qing Zhang, Gagan Deep Singh Talwar, Ling Xu, Jonathan E. Moore, Wei He, Emmanuel Eric Pazo
Summary: The study shows that intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment using optimal pulse light technology (OPT) can improve tear film lipid layer (TFLL) quality in patients with evaporative dry eye (EDE), reducing symptoms and the frequency of artificial tear use.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Yuanfang Yang, Qinghui Wu, Wei Pan, Longbo Wen, Zhiwei Luo, Haoran Wu, Guangyao Ran, Zhikuan Yang, Xiaoning Li
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of objective ocular surface parameters in children with myopia who are candidates for orthokeratology lens wear. The results showed that tear secretion increases and meibomian gland deficiency worsens with age. The dry eye diagnostic criteria for adults may be applicable to orthokeratology candidates aged 12-18 years but should be lower for younger candidates.
OPHTHALMOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Yuqiang Bai, William Ngo, Safal Khanal, Jason J. Nichols
Summary: The thickness of the tear film lipid layer (TFLL) in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) was evaluated using a high-resolution optical microscope. The results showed that the MGD and mixed groups had the largest percentages of TFLL thicknesses fall within the thinnest modes. Measures of central tendency do not fully appreciate the variable distributions of TFLL across disease spectra.
Article
Ophthalmology
James S. Wolffsohn, Michael T. M. Wang, Maria Vidal-Rohr, Francesco Menduni, Sandeep Dhallu, Tugce Ipek, Duygu Acar, Alberto Recchioni, Alex France, Alec Kingsnorth, Jennifer P. Craig
Summary: A study of 1125 participants found that aqueous deficient dry eye disease and evaporative dry eye disease were associated with factors such as age, gender, sleep duration, psychological stress, and self-perceived health status. These findings could inform future research on the prevention and management of dry eye disease.
Review
Ophthalmology
John D. D. Sheppard, Kelly K. K. Nichols
Summary: Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is the leading cause of evaporative dry eye disease (DED) characterized by reduced meibum secretion and tear film disruption. Treatment includes home care options and office-based treatments, with prescription medications targeting inflammation and bacterial growth. However, large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to verify efficacy and safety.
OPHTHALMOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Ophthalmology
Jenifer P. Craig, Maria Vidal-Rohr, Francesco Menduni, Sandeep Dhallu, Tugce Ipek, Duygu Acar, Alberto Recchioni, Alex France, Alec Kingsnorth, Sophie Speakman, James S. Wolffsohn
Article
Ophthalmology
Sanjay Marasini, Simon J. Dean, Simon Swift, Janesha Perera, Ilva D. Rupenthal, Tao Wang, Hannah Read, Jennifer P. Craig
Summary: This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of using 265 nm UVC to treat infectious keratitis. The results showed that UVC inhibited the growth of bacteria and fungi, including those with antibiotic resistance, in vitro. In vivo and ex vivo experiments confirmed the therapeutic potential of 15 s UVC. In a mouse trial, two doses of 15 s UVC administered 4 hours apart effectively treated bacterial keratitis.
Article
Ophthalmology
William Shew, Alex Muntz, Simon J. Dean, Heiko Pult, Michael T. M. Wang, Jennifer P. Craig
Summary: Incomplete blinking and sagittal lid misalignment of the central eyelid margin are predominant in habitual blinking, regardless of lid morphology.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Michael T. M. Wang, Rachael L. Niederer, Charles N. J. McGhee, Helen Danesh-Meyer
Summary: This article provides a summary of the latest evidence on COVID-19 vaccine-associated ocular adverse events through a narrative literature review. The data suggest that vaccination-associated ocular adverse events are very rare, and there is no evidence to suggest any negative effects of COVID-19 immunization in patients with pre-existing ophthalmic conditions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
William K. Diprose, Catherine A. Morgan, Michael T. M. Wang, James P. Diprose, Joanne C. Lin, Sulaiman Sheriff, Doug Campbell, P. Alan Barber
Summary: Active conductive head cooling can significantly reduce brain temperature, with the occipital lobes showing the greatest reduction.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
William Shew, Michael T. M. Wang, Helen V. Danesh-Meyer
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis showed that the risk of NAION after cataract surgery is four times higher within the first year and mostly occurs within 6 months. However, the absolute risk is low, with 1 in 1,000-3,100 surgeries, and does not require extra mention during consent.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Jeewanand Bist, Himal Kandel, Nabin Paudel, Dinesh Kaphle, Rajendra Gyawali, Sanjay Marasini, Rabindra Adhikary, Prakash Paudel
Summary: The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of refractive errors in the Nepalese population. The study included 38 articles with a total of 101,701 participants. The results showed that the estimated prevalence of refractive errors in Nepalese children was 8.4%, while in adults, the prevalence of refractive errors, uncorrected refractive errors, and uncorrected presbyopia were 11.2%, 7.3%, and 78.9%, respectively.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Isaac Samuels, Julie Pirere, Alex Muntz, Jennifer P. Craig
Summary: Disparities in ocular health outcomes between Maori and non-Maori are pervasive in the New Zealand health system, with multifactorial causes. The key issues Maori patients face within ocular health services resonate strongly with wider concepts intrinsically important to Maori, including cultural safety, communication, and power imbalances.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
James S. Wolffsohn, Gareth Lingham, Laura E. Downie, Byki Huntjens, Takenori Inomata, Saleel Jivraj, Emmanuel Kobia-Acquah, Alex Muntz, Karim Mohamed-Noriega, Sotiris Plainis, Michael Read, Rony R. Sayegh, Sumeer Singh, Tor P. Utheim, Jennifer P. Craig
Summary: Eye strain caused by tasks in a digital environment can lead to discomfort and lower productivity and quality of life. Digital eye strain, characterized by recurrent ocular symptoms and/or signs related to digital device screen viewing, is highly prevalent due to lack of agreed definition and limitations of current questionnaires. Objective signs like blink rate or critical flicker frequency changes are not diagnostic. Reduced blink rate, refractive errors, binocular vision anomalies, and differences in task demands and visual stimuli contribute to ocular surface disease exacerbation. There is no well-established intervention, but full refractive correction, improving blinking, optimizing the work environment, and taking regular breaks may help. Blue-light blocking interventions are not effective, while artificial tears, secretagogues, warm compress, humidity goggles, ambient humidifiers, and nutritional supplementation like omega-3 fatty acids and berry extracts show promise. More clinical trials are needed for accurate evaluation.
Article
Ophthalmology
Anat Galor, Alexis Ceecee Britten-Jones, Yun Feng, Giulio Ferrari, David Goldblum, Preeya K. Gupta, Jesus Merayo-Lloves, Kyung-Sun Na, Shehzad A. Naroo, Kelly K. Nichols, Eduardo M. Rocha, Louis Tong, Michael T. M. Wang, Jennifer P. Craig
Summary: Various factors in mental, physical, and social health domains have been linked to ocular surface diseases, particularly dry eye disease (DED). Mental health factors such as depression and anxiety, and medications used to treat them, have been associated with DED symptoms. Sleep disorders and physical health issues like obesity and face mask wear have also been linked to DED. Societal factors, such as tobacco use, cocaine, and alcohol, have been associated with tear instability, decreased corneal sensitivity, and tear film disturbances and DED symptoms, respectively.
Review
Ophthalmology
Daniel A. R. Scott, Michael T. M. Wang, Helen Danesh-Meyer, Sarah Hull
Summary: Optic atrophy is a significant cause of visual impairment in children, and the underlying causes have changed over time. Prematurity has become an increasingly common cause of optic atrophy, likely due to the rising rates of premature births and improved survival of preterm infants. However, there is limited research on this topic with small sample sizes and methodological limitations, calling for larger, better-designed studies to understand the contribution of prematurity to the disease burden. Screening for prematurity should be considered when evaluating pediatric optic atrophy, alongside other potential life-threatening causes.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Ophthalmology
Michael T. M. Wang, Alexis Ceecee Britten-Jones, Jennifer P. Craig
JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Leon G. Leanse, Sanjay Marasini, Carolina dos Anjos, Tianhong Dai
Summary: In recent years, the global population has faced a serious threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) due to the increase in microorganisms with multiple AMR mechanisms. The COVID-19 pandemic has further worsened the situation by causing an influx of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), putting enormous pressure on healthcare systems. Light-based approaches have been proposed as a potential solution to combat both cancer and infectious diseases for over a century. These approaches are effective in killing microbial pathogens regardless of their AMR status and are less likely to result in the development of resistance. This review aims to describe the different mechanisms driving AMR and discuss light-based approaches such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), antimicrobial blue light (aBL), and ultraviolet (UV) light as potential alternatives or adjunct therapies to conventional antimicrobials. The feasibility and requirements of integrating light-based approaches into clinical practice will also be evaluated.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Sanjay Marasini, Jennifer P. Craig, Simon J. Dean, Leon G. Leanse
Summary: Multiple reports have shown an increase in eye infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Traditional antibiotics are becoming less effective against bacterial keratitis, leading to ineffective treatment outcomes. Several novel technologies, including light-based anti-infective technology, phage therapy, and probiotics, are being investigated and show potential as broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. Light-based technologies, in particular, are promising due to their rapid effects on microbial viability.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cameron Schauer, Joshua Quon, Pravin Potdar, Ashwin Singh, Dean Croft, Michael Wang
Summary: This study aimed to compare alcohol-related hospital presentations during the COVID-19 restriction periods in New Zealand with corresponding control periods from the previous year. The results showed that there was no change in alcohol-related presentations during the strictest lockdown period, but there was a higher proportion of acute mental and behavioral disorders. New Zealand appears to have avoided the general trend of increased alcohol-related harms seen internationally during the COVID-19 pandemic and its lockdown restrictions.
NEW ZEALAND MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)