Double-Differential FRaGmentation (DDFRG) models for proton and light ion production in high energy nuclear collisions

A new set of Double-Differential FRaGmentation (DDFRG) models for proton and light ion production from high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions, relevant to space radiation, is introduced. The proton model employs thermal production from the projectile, central fireball and target sources, as well as quasi-elastic direct knockout production. The light ion model uses a hybrid coalescence model. The data show a prominent quasi-elastic peak at small angles which becomes highly suppressed at large angles. The models are able to describe this wide range of experimental data with only a limited set of model parameters. Closed form analytic formulas for double-differential energy and angle cross-sections as well as single-differential spectral cross-sections are developed. These analytic formulas enable highly efficient computation for radiation transport codes.

Automated summary

A new set of Double-Differential FRaGmentation (DDFRG) models are introduced for proton and light ion production from high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions relevant to space radiation. The proton model includes thermal production and quasi-elastic direct knockout production, while the light ion model uses a hybrid coalescence model. The models are able to describe a wide range of experimental data efficiently.