News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Smriti Mallapaty, T. V. Padma, Emiliano Rodriguez Mega, Richard Van Noorden, Ehsan Masood
Summary: Many Western nations are cutting scientific links, but the situation is different in China, India, and South Africa.
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Arjun Srivathsa, Aditya Banerjee, Soumya Banerjee, Malaika Mathew Chawla, Anshita Das, Divyajyoti Ganguly, Ryan G. Rodrigues, Tiasa Adhya, Saloni Bhatia, Aritra Kshettry, Iravatee Majgaonkar, Girish A. Punjabi, Mahi Puri, Priya Singh, Nikit Surve
Summary: This study investigated all carnivore studies published in India post-independence (1947-2020), examining the academic impacts of journal articles and the roles of institutions and collaborative research. It analyzed thematic patterns, trends, and biases in carnivore research, discussing the importance of ecological research in shaping litigation, policy, and conservation. The study also emphasized the need for reorienting research efforts towards lesser-known species and enhancing synergy between researchers.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2022)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Arjun Srivathsa, Aditya Banerjee, Soumya Banerjee, Malaika Mathew Chawla, Anshita Das, Divyajyoti Ganguly, Ryan G. Rodrigues, Tiasa Adhya, Saloni Bhatia, Aritra Kshettry, Iravatee Majgaonkar, Girish A. Punjabi, Mahi Puri, Priya Singh, Nikit Surve
Summary: This paper reviews all carnivore studies published in post-independence India and investigates the academic impacts of these studies. The study analyzes the thematic patterns, trends, and biases in carnivore research and highlights the need for increased focus on lesser-known species and interdisciplinary work. The research suggests that current conservation policies could benefit from a more comprehensive and inclusive approach.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Economics
Francisco X. Aguilar, Yali Wen
Summary: This manuscript provides a synthesis of the impacts of China's forest policies on the environment, ecology, and socio-economic conditions. A mixed bottom-up/top-down approach and consideration of local socio-ecological conditions, land tenure, regulatory reforms, among other factors, may lead to more effective policy design and implementation. The global influence of the Chinese forest sector presents opportunities for promoting environmentally-sound practices abroad and supporting the country's goal of carbon neutrality by 2060.
FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Public Administration
Markus Hinterleitner, Fritz Sager
Summary: This article proposes rethinking democratic conflict management by emphasizing the role of policy. It argues that existing theories on conflict management inadequately consider the impact of policies on societal conflicts. The article develops a theoretical framework that examines how policies influence conflicts and democracy. It suggests that understanding policy's role in democratic conflict management is crucial for addressing the challenges to democracy in the twenty-first century.
Review
Information Science & Library Science
John Israilidis, Kayode Odusanya, Muhammad Usman Mazhar
Summary: The emerging role of smart cities as information hubs and knowledge repositories has attracted increasing attention in academic research, focusing on knowledge sharing and co-learning among cities. A systematic review of 82 peer-reviewed publications identified five main themes in smart city studies, forming the basis for future research agenda. The paper also proposes knowledge-driven policy recommendations to contribute towards the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
V Srivani, A. Hariharasudan, Nishad Nawaz, Sabina Ratajczak
Summary: This study aims to explore the impact and importance of Education 4.0 for improving English language learning among students in India, with a focus on Hyderabad City. The study uses quantitative research methods and collects data through questionnaires and post-assessments. The findings indicate a direct correlation between students' perception and the implementation of Education 4.0 in English language learning.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Catherine Armitage
Summary: Identifying the unique attributes of the research subject is crucial for achieving research success.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benjamin Plackett
Summary: Young universities must identify their unique attributes and effectively communicate their value to ambitious researchers.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James Mitchell Crow
Summary: The brightest young universities focus on defining their purpose and empowering researchers to pursue independent paths.
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nidhi Subbaraman
Summary: Researchers express concerns over transparency and racial profiling as the National Institutes of Health implements Trump-era guidelines. US universities are calling for clearer rules on science espionage amid a crackdown.
Review
Management
Olga Ryazanova, Jolanta Jaskiene
Summary: The paper reviews empirical evidence on the drivers of research productivity that can be actively managed by organizations and policymakers. It suggests future research directions to create a deeper understanding of how organizations, funding bodies, and government agencies can influence individual scientific performance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Peter M. Haas, Nicholas Ivanovskis
Summary: This article explores the prospects of implementing the United social infrastructure - the political and institutional processes - for more effective governance. It assesses the role of different international organizations in achieving each sustainable development goal (SDG) individually, as well as the potential for capturing the interlinkages between them. The study reveals a mismatch between the International Organizations (IOs) responsible for coordinating the SDGs and their resource capabilities. It concludes with recommendations for reallocating responsibility to IOs with greater capabilities in promoting SDG attainment and for linking the SDGs.
CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Nicolae Talpa, Aureliu Florin Halalisan, Bogdan Popa
Summary: The forest sector in the Republic of Moldova is still struggling to adapt to post-communist socio-economic realities, with state institutions not performing well in terms of sustainable management, facing financial difficulties that threaten the fulfillment of sustainability goals.
Article
Economics
Jobst Michael Schroeder, Lina Paola Avila Rodriguez, Sven Guenter
Summary: The tropical dry forests, covering half the area of tropical moist forests, receive less international research attention despite their ecological and economic importance. Research priorities differ between the two forest biomes, with disturbance being a key topic for dry forests and biodiversity and conservation for humid forests. Calling for a stronger international research agenda for tropical dry forests is necessary to address the challenges in this environment.
FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Fitri Ariyanti Abidin, Joeri K. Tijdink, Poeti Joefiani, Rismijati E. Koesma, Juke R. Siregar
Summary: The present study investigated the influence of parenting style, friendship quality, and school climate on the satisfaction of basic psychological needs among Indonesian adolescents. It was found that all three factors significantly predicted the satisfaction of basic psychological needs, with parenting style and friendship quality having a stronger impact compared to school climate. These findings have important implications for designing effective interventions to improve the psychological well-being of adolescents.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medical Ethics
Tamarinde Haven, Lex Bouter, Louise Mennen, Joeri Tijdink
Summary: One way to strengthen research integrity is through supervision. The study developed a 3-day pilot training for PhD supervisors that combined responsible research practices (RRPs) and interpersonal skills. The results showed that both supervisors and PhD candidates had more positive perceptions of the supervisor's interpersonal skills and ability to foster RRPs after the training.
ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-ETHICS INTEGRITY AND POLICY
(2023)
Review
Medical Ethics
Rea Roje, Andrea Reyes Elizondo, Wolfgang Kaltenbrunner, Ivan Buljan, Ana Marusic
Summary: Promoting and implementing research integrity is the responsibility of multiple stakeholders in the research community. This research conducted a scoping review to analyze factors that impact the promotion and implementation of research integrity. The study found that efforts should be made at individual, institutional, and systemic levels to foster and promote research integrity practices.
ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-ETHICS INTEGRITY AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
A. N. Varga, A. E. Guevara Morel, J. M. van Dongen, J. Lokkerbol, M. Lindeboom, M. W. van Tulder, L. M. Bouter, J. E. Bosmans
Summary: This paper discusses the collaboration challenges faced by epidemiologists and economists in health intervention research due to differences in terminology, and illustrates these differences with examples. The study aims to improve the quality of multidisciplinary collaboration between the two fields and assist researchers in selecting the most suitable analytical techniques for their research problems.
HEALTH SERVICES AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medical Ethics
Jeroen de Ridder, Lex Bouter, Tamarinde Haven, Rik Peels, Joeri Tijdink, Maurice P. Zeegers
Summary: We evaluate Radder's criticisms of the Netherlands Code of Conduct for Research Integrity and find that they fail to address the main issues or rely on controversial assumptions about the Code's purpose. While Radder raises important questions about the broader roles and purposes of research in society, his proposed revisions to the Code are unjustified.
ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-ETHICS INTEGRITY AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Medical Ethics
Andrijana Perkovic Palos, Rea Roje, Vicko Tomic, Ana Marusic
Summary: This study examined the processes and structures of research integrity and research ethics in European countries, based on the framework developed at the World Conferences on Research Integrity. The study presented Country Report Cards for 16 European countries, providing information on structures, processes, and outcomes of research integrity and research ethics. While there are variations among countries, harmonization is necessary in order to ensure consistent handling of these issues and expectations for researchers working in the European area.
ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-ETHICS INTEGRITY AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Roshni Jegan, Kris Dierickx
Summary: This study aims to identify and examine existing national or international guidelines on the inclusion of ethics in basic medical education. By doing so, it hopes to explore and highlight the similarities and differences in their pedagogical goals and prescribed content, thereby contributing to a more holistic understanding of medical ethics education.
ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Ethics
Daniel Pizzolato, Kris Dierickx
Summary: Scientific malpractice is not only due to bad intentions but also a lack of education on research integrity practices. Research supervisors play an important role in translating what doctoral students learn during research integrity sessions. Supervision practices and role modelling directly impact supervisees' attitudes toward responsible research. Research institutions are responsible for supporting supervisors in being aware of their role and promoting responsible supervision practices. This study aims to understand research integrity supervision practices and the role of institutions in supporting them.
JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC ETHICS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Andrew J. J. Barnhart, Kris Dierickx
Summary: Cerebral organoid models are considered an alternative to research animal models, but their limitations hinder their ability to fully replace animal models. This has led researchers to use xenotransplantation to create hybrids and chimeras. Transplanting cerebral organoids into animal models not only helps study their limitations, but also allows observation of behavioral changes in the animals.
CAMBRIDGE QUARTERLY OF HEALTHCARE ETHICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mario Malicki, IJsbrand Jan Aalbersberg, Lex Bouter, Adrian Mulligan, Gerben ter Riet
Summary: Calls have been made to improve transparency in research and work climates, and prevent detrimental research practices. A survey was conducted among authors, reviewers, and editors to assess their attitudes and practices in these areas. The results showed no significant differences in attitudes towards transparency and work climates among the different groups. Fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, and lack of citing prior research were perceived as more prevalent by editors than authors or reviewers. Overall, a considerable proportion of respondents admitted sacrificing quality for quantity and reported interference from funders in study design or reporting. While the respondents were from various countries, the low response rate limits the generalizability of the findings. Nevertheless, the results highlight the need for increased involvement of stakeholders to align practices with current recommendations.
Article
Ethics
Giulia Inguaggiato, Krishma Labib, Natalie Evans, Fenneke Blom, Lex Bouter, Guy Widdershoven
Summary: In this paper, the authors demonstrate the value of using Moral Case Deliberation, a case reflection method, in teaching responsible conduct of research (RCR) to PhD students. This method helps students become aware of and internalize RCR principles and values, reflect on their own conduct in daily practice, and develop dialogical skills for discussing RCR issues. By focusing on values and personal motivations, reflecting on real experiences and dilemmas, and cultivating participants' dialogical skills, this method supports students in acting responsibly and pursuing RCR in their research practice.
SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Tomasz Oleksy, Anna Wnuk, Anna Domaradzka, Dominika Maison
Summary: Currently, there is a lack of research on how the use of artificial intelligence algorithms can impact the perception of cities. Two studies conducted in Poland found that individuals who viewed cities using algorithms as unfriendly were also less likely to accept algorithmic governance. However, the perceived controllability of the city was not related to the acceptance of algorithms. A second experimental study showed that the acceptance of algorithms increased when they were presented as collaborating with humans, leading to an increase in the perceived friendliness and controllability of the city.
COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Serge P. J. M. Horbach, Mads P. Sorensen, Nick Allum, Abigail-Kate Reid
Summary: This paper examines the researchers' 'local context' in the successful implementation of research integrity policies using the International Research Integrity Survey. The survey results show that academics identify more strongly with their transnational epistemic communities than with their immediate working surroundings. The theoretical understanding of academics' 'local context' is proposed based on the concept of cosmopolitanism and solidarity.
SCIENCE AND PUBLIC POLICY
(2023)
Article
Medical Ethics
I. M. Lechner, L. B. Mokkink, G. J. de Ridder, R. van Woudenberg, L. M. Bouter, J. K. Tijdink
Summary: This study used empirical methods to identify the epistemic responsibilities of universities, and found that universities should foster research integrity, stimulate the development of intellectual virtues, address the big questions of life, cultivate the diversity of disciplinary fields, serve and engage with society, and cultivate and safeguard academic freedom. These findings can inform the debate about the roles and responsibilities of universities and highlight the importance of epistemic tasks.
ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-ETHICS INTEGRITY AND POLICY
(2023)
Review
Ethics
Seba Qussini, Ross S. MacDonald, Saad Shahbal, Kris Dierickx
Summary: This systematic review aims to assess the overall effect of blinding models on bias, the effect of each blinding model, and the effect of un-blinding on reviewer's accountability in biomedical research proposals. Three studies were included, highlighting the need for further RCTs to generate validated evidence. Multiple aspects of peer review, such as peer review in manuscripts vs proposals and peer review in other fields, were also discussed.
JOURNAL OF EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON HUMAN RESEARCH ETHICS
(2023)
