期刊
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
卷 126, 期 -, 页码 65-72出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.07.018
关键词
Nitric oxide; Nitric oxide synthase; Antheraeapernyi; Microsporidia; Immune; Anti-microbial peptides
资金
- National Modern Agriculture Industry Technology System Construction Project (Silkworm and Mulberry) [CARS-18]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31902213]
- Liaoning Province Doctor Startup Fund [2020-BS-296]
The insect gut participates in initial local immune responses by producing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as well as anti-microbial peptides to resist pathogenic invasions. Nitric oxide (NO), a signaling and an immune effector molecule synthesized by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS), mediates an early step of the signal transduction pathway. In this study, we evaluated NO levels after Nosema pernyi infection in Antheraea pernyi gut. NOS activity was higher in the microsporidia-infected gut of A. pernyi than in that of control. Three NOS-related genes were cloned, and their spatio-temporal expression patterns were evaluated. ApNOS2 was expressed quickly in the midgut after N. pernyi infection. Sodium nitroprusside, dihydrate (SNP), or N omega-(L)-nitro-arginine methyl ester, hydrochloride ((L)-NAME), altered the NO content in A. pernyi midgut. Anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) in the groups exposed to N. pernyi plus SNP and N. pernyi plus (L)-NAME exhibited higher and lower expression, respectively, relative to the control. These results indicate that microsporidia infection triggers short-term activation of NO and NOS genes in the A. pernyi gut that is downregulated after 24 h. Notably, infection rates can be influenced by a NOS inhibitor. Furthermore, NO can be induced by pathogens. Similarly, NO content in the A. pernyi gut also influences AMPs in humoral immunity and some immune-related genes. Our results suggest that nitric oxide plays a vital role in A. pernyi gut immunity.
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