Numerical analysis of secondary droplets characteristics due to drop impacting on 3D cylinders considering dynamic contact angle

This study is investigating three-dimensional numerical simulation of a Newtonian droplet impact and break on two square cylinders based on dynamic contact angle of droplet at the spatial interface between two solid-fluid phases. The droplet impact details and morphology studied in the present work could provide ideas for the spray wall impingement modeling in the simulation of many industrial applications, such as spray painting and liquid cooling of surfaces. The droplet impact is investigated on two square cylinders in 9 different modes with different droplet diameters and physical conditions such as different positions of droplet. The volume of fluid (VOF) method was used with open-source software. The results have been compared and validated quantitatively and qualitatively with the experimental results. Results represent droplet diameter into cylinder dimension and velocity profiles are affected on number of broken droplets, break times and droplet deformation. Also, mean velocities of droplet after impact on two square cylinders at first break time were 0, 0.025, 0.12, 0.47, 0.11, 0.08, 0.2, 0.012, 0.19 m/s for cases 1-9, respectively. Moreover, in case 7 that droplet diameter into cylinder dimension was 2, the maximum number of break-up into secondary droplets was 10 drops that occurred for 4 times.