Review
Energy & Fuels
Siyan Chen, Zhenhai Gao, Tianjun Sun
Summary: This review discusses the general working mechanism of Lithium-ion batteries, the thermal runaway process, trigger conditions, material factors, and advancements in battery safety. It aims to provide a general picture of thermal runaway risks and solutions for safer battery designs.
ENERGY SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
L. S. Lin, J. L. Li, I. M. Fishman, L. Torres-Castro, Y. Preger, V. De Angelis, J. Lamb, X. Q. Zhu, S. Allu, H. Wang
Summary: Thermal runaway is an important safety concern for Li-ion batteries, and a standardized single-side indentation test protocol was developed to induce an internal short-circuit. Cell voltage, temperature, and applied compressive force were monitored over time. The observed hazard severity (OHS) and calculated hazard severity (CHS) were used to assess the thermal runaway severity of over 100 Li-ion batteries with different states of charge (SOC) and chemistries, providing a clear comparison for battery designers, manufacturers, and end-users.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Elna J. K. Nilsson, Christian Brackmann, Annika Ahlberg Tidblad
Summary: With the increasing use of battery electric vehicles, fire incidents involving Li-ion batteries have become a growing concern. This study aims to enhance the understanding of the combustion process of gas mixtures vented from Li-ion batteries. Using simulation of ignition and laminar flames, the research reveals significant variations in laminar burning velocity, flame temperature, and heat release for different gas mixtures. Factors such as the content of carbonates, hydrogen gas, and inert carbon dioxide are found to be influential in laminar flames.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dhananjay Mishra, Raghavender Tummala, Ankur Jain
Summary: This study presents multiphysics simulations to investigate the propagation of thermal runaway in the large-scale storage and transportation of Li-ion cells. The model predicts the temperature field and whether adjacent pallets will catch fire. The results highlight the importance of the gap between pallets in determining the propagation and can contribute to the thermal safety of Li-ion cells.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zheng Li, Mehran Dadsetan, Junxian Gao, Sensen Zhang, Lirong Cai, Ali Naseri, Martha E. Jimenez-Castaneda, Timothy Filley, Jeffrey T. Miller, Murray J. Thomson, Vilas G. Pol
Summary: This study investigates the thermal runaway mechanisms of Prussian blue analogs in nonaqueous sodium- and potassium-ion batteries, revealing a new runaway mechanism that does not involve oxygen evolution, and identifying safety issues related to cyanide release and exothermic reactions with the electrolyte. Calorimetric studies at the full-cell level show mitigated heat generation but lower initiation temperature of runaway compared to conventional systems, suggesting that PBA materials cannot be considered as safe cathodes and highlighting the importance of crystal defects and trapped water content in thermal safety.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dongxu Ouyang, Jingwen Weng, Mingyi Chen, Jian Wang
Summary: A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of safety vents on the thermal runaway behaviors of lithium-ion batteries. The results showed that safety vents could delay the occurrence of thermal runaway, but the effect varied with the state of charge and cathode chemistry.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Fathima Ali Kayakool, Binitha Gangaja, Shantikumar Nair, Dhamodaran Santhanagopalan
Summary: The recycling and regeneration of graphite from spent Li-ion batteries can be utilized for the fabrication of Li-ion based all-carbon dual-ion batteries, achieving promising electrochemical performance.
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pengfei Zhang, Jiajun Lu, Kangbo Yang, Haipeng Chen, Yuqi Huang
Summary: A coupled simulation model of the thermal runaway of the 18650 lithium-ion batteries was developed in this study, considering TR decomposition reaction, gas generation and combustion processes, solid particles ejection, and particles heat transfer process. The model accurately captures the temperature evolution and two typical jet processes during TR, and the simulation results showed the importance of considering the effect of solid particles. The model innovatively combines the effect of solid particles' radiation into the TR simulation, providing a more accurate calculation method for TR propagation prediction.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Ralf F. Ziesche, Nikolay Kardjilov, Winfried Kockelmann, Dan J. L. Brett, Paul R. Shearing
Summary: Advanced battery technology is crucial for achieving net zero emissions and has been proposed for various applications. Despite progress in lithium battery technology, challenges remain and new development strategies are needed. Suitable characterization techniques, such as neutron imaging, are important for understanding battery processes.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gowthami Chandra, Shreyas J. Kashyap, Sudhakara Sarma Sreedhara, Sarada Bulusu, Venu Vinod Ananthula, R. Vijay, Tata N. Rao, Anandan Srinivasan
Summary: The present study focuses on developing carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate (LFP/C) cathode material with good capacity, high atomic efficiency, and high tap density for lithium-ion battery (LIB) fabrication. Fe3O4-LFP/C showed higher atomic efficiency and tap density compared to Fe2O3-LFP/C and Fe-LFP/C. Electrochemical studies demonstrated that Fe3O4-LFP/C exhibited a high capacity of 137 mAh g-1 at 1C and retained 83% capacity after 600 cycles at 1C, indicating excellent cyclic stability. This work provides a pathway for affordable LFP synthesis for high-energy density batteries.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuhang Song, Nawei Lyu, Shuang Shi, Xin Jiang, Yang Jin
Summary: This paper proposes a safety warning method for lithium-ion batteries based on module-space air-pressure variation, and verifies its effectiveness through experiments. The research shows that immediate measures taken upon detecting an air-pressure variation signal can effectively prevent battery thermal runaway, enhance the safety of energy-storage stations.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yuki Yoshimoto, Takahiro Toma, Kenta Hongo, Kousuke Nakano, Ryo Maezono
Summary: The cathode material of a lithium-ion battery plays a crucial role in the durability, capacity, and safety of the battery. LiNiO2 has attracted attention as a potential cathode material for higher capacity due to its ability to extract more lithium at the same voltage compared to LiCoO2. However, it is prone to pyrolysis, which can lead to ignition and explosion hazards. This study investigates possible elemental substitutions to suppress pyrolysis and identifies P, Ta, and W as promising solutions.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chuanbo Yang, Nathaniel Sunderlin, Wei Wang, Chris Churchill, Matthew Keyser
Summary: Novel foam battery pads are reengineered to mitigate cell-to-cell thermal runaway propagation. Experimental results show that polyurethane foams incorporating flame-retardant additives or coatings significantly delay cascading thermal runaway.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Song Xie, Yize Gong, Xianke Ping, Jian Sun, Xiantao Chen, Yuanhua He
Summary: Overcharging can cause capacity loss and decreased safety in lithium-ion batteries, especially with increasing overcharge cycles. Overcharging leads to electrode damage and side reactions, resulting in blockage of lithium ion transport channels and degradation of chemical kinetics. These changes lead to decreased internal air pressure, delayed valve opening, and decreased thermal stability of the battery.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Nicolas Santiago Navarro Simancas, Juliana Puello Mendez, Savio Souza Venancio Vianna
Summary: The implementation rate of renewable energy sources, such as lithium-ion batteries, has increased, leading to an increase in explosion occurrences associated with these batteries. The flamelet combustion approach, commonly used to model premixed combustion, has limitations when it comes to accidental explosions from lithium-ion batteries. Additionally, the effects and contributions from stress, strain, and wrinkling on the flame front in gas mixtures from Li-ion batteries are not fully understood. Further investigation is needed in computational modelling to understand these effects. The current research focuses on using the flamelet approach to model premixed combustion scenarios caused by gases ejected from fully charged lithium-ion-phosphate (LFP) battery and proposes a new correlation based on experimental data.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Zhao, Y. Chen, L. Saucedo-Mora, T. Connolley, T. J. Marrow
Summary: This study aims to develop a novel methodology for measuring the deformation of ceramic composite tubes. By observing the burst test of SiC/SiC composite tubes using high resolution X-ray tomography and measuring the three-dimensional displacements using digital volume correlation, the results regarding strain and cracking were obtained.
EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gavin D. J. Harper, Emma Kendrick, Paul A. Anderson, Wojciech Mrozik, Paul Christensen, Simon Lambert, David Greenwood, Prodip K. Das, Mohamed Ahmeid, Zoran Milojevic, Wenjia Du, Dan J. L. Brett, Paul R. Shearing, Alireza Rastegarpanah, Rustam Stolkin, Roberto Sommerville, Anton Zorin, Jessica L. Durham, Andrew P. Abbott, Dana Thompson, Nigel D. Browning, B. Layla Mehdi, Mounib Bahri, Felipe Schanider-Tontini, D. Nicholls, Christin Stallmeister, Bernd Friedrich, Marcus Sommerfeld, Laura L. Driscoll, Abbey Jarvis, Emily C. Giles, Peter R. Slater, Virginia Echavarri-Bravo, Giovanni Maddalena, Louise E. Horsfall, Linda Gaines, Qiang Dai, Shiva J. Jethwa, Albert L. Lipson, Gary A. Leeke, Thomas Cowell, Joseph Gresle Farthing, Greta Mariani, Amy Smith, Zubera Iqbal, Rabeeh Golmohammadzadeh, Luke Sweeney, Vannessa Goodship, Zheng Li, Jacqueline Edge, Laura Lander, Viet Tien Nguyen, Robert J. R. Elliot, Oliver Heidrich, Margaret Slattery, Daniel Reed, Jyoti Ahuja, Aleksandra Cavoski, Robert Lee, Elizabeth Driscoll, Jen Baker, Peter Littlewood, Iain Styles, Sampriti Mahanty, Frank Boons
Summary: This roadmap presents the market dynamics and their influence on a future circular economy for lithium-ion batteries (LIB), with a focus on safety throughout the life cycle. Various options for end-of-life (EOL) disposal, such as remanufacturing, reuse, and recycling, are discussed. Diagnostics play a crucial role in assessing battery health and condition, and improvements to diagnostic techniques are evaluated. The future of LIB recycling lies in automated dismantling of EOL battery packs and the development of design for recycling and new cell design approaches.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wenjia Du, Zhenyu Zhang, Francesco Iacoviello, Shangwei Zhou, Rhodri E. Owen, Rhodri Jervis, Dan J. L. Brett, Paul R. Shearing
Summary: The zinc-ion battery is a promising candidate for next-generation energy storage devices due to abundant zinc materials and high energy density. However, the formation of zinc dendrites during charge-discharge cycling hinders practical application. In this study, operando digital optical microscopy and in situ lab-based X-ray computed tomography (CT) were used to investigate the morphologies of zinc electrodeposition/dissolution in symmetric Zn||Zn cells. The results reveal the dynamic nucleation and growth of zinc deposits, heterogeneous transportation of charged clusters/particles, and evolution of 'dead' zinc particles through partial dissolution. The findings shed light on the formation mechanism of zinc dendrites and offer insights into suppressing their growth.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Jie Lin, Siyu Zhao, Thomas G. Tranter, Zhenyu Zhang, Fei Peng, Dan Brett, Rhodri Jervis, Paul R. Shearing
Summary: Modelling and understanding the electrochemical performance of niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) at high rates is a challenging task. This study investigated the material properties and performance of commercially sourced Nb2O5 using various characterization techniques. The experimental results were used to parameterize a Doyle-Fuller-Newman electrochemical model, which accurately predicted the battery performance up to 5C rates. However, at higher C-rates, the properties of Nb2O5 were found to be rate-dependent, indicating a change in the dominant charge storage mechanism.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
A. Koko, S. Singh, S. Barhli, T. Connolley, N. T. Vo, T. Wigger, D. Liu, Y. Fu, J. Rethore, J. Lechambre, J. -Y. Buffiere, T. J. Marrow
Summary: The propagation rate of a fatigue crack in a nodular cast iron was studied using X-ray computed tomography and digital volume correlation. The crack evolved from an asymmetric corner notch and showed a higher growth rate on one side before becoming independent of position. Crack shape was measured using phase congruency of displacement field. Three-dimensional stress intensity factors were calculated using a linear elastic finite element model. The cyclic change in local mode I opening determined the fatigue crack propagation rate along the crack front.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yue Wen, Tobias P. Neville, Ana Jorge Sobrido, Paul R. Shearing, Dan J. L. Brett, Rhodri Jervis
Summary: The current obstacles for VRFBs are the sluggish reaction kinetics of electrode materials and the overlapping potential range of HER with the negative redox couple. Bismuth additives show significant enhancement of battery performance, but the performance plateaus with Bi concentration and the catalytic mechanism remain inconclusive. Quantified kinetic values show that the performance plateau with Bi concentration is related to the kinetics of VRR. The addition of Bi improves the VRR reaction rate three orders of magnitude, with the highest rate observed for electrolyte with 750 ppm Bi.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
T. M. M. Heenan, I. Mombrini, A. Llewellyn, S. Checchia, C. Tan, M. J. Johnson, A. Jnawali, G. Garbarino, R. Jervis, D. J. L. Brett, M. Di Michiel, P. R. Shearing
Summary: This study characterizes the temperature and mechanical strain of high-rate lithium-ion batteries using advanced synchrotron XRD methods. The results show that the discharge time and optimization strategy significantly affect the internal temperature of the battery under the same current. The temperature rise is caused by heat accumulation, which is influenced by the charging protocol and battery degradation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ying Da Wang, Quentin Meyer, Kunning Tang, James E. McClure, Robin T. White, Stephen T. Kelly, Matthew M. Crawford, Francesco Iacoviello, Dan J. L. Brett, Paul R. Shearing, Peyman Mostaghimi, Chuan Zhao, Ryan T. Armstrong
Summary: The authors utilize X-ray micro-computed tomography, deep learned super-resolution, multi-label segmentation, and direct multiphase simulation to simulate fuel cells and guide their design, addressing the challenge of accurate liquid water modelling.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Tristan G. Fleming, David Tien Rees, Sebastian Marussi, Thomas Connolley, Robert C. Atwood, Martyn A. Jones, James M. Fraser, Chu Lun Alex Leung, Peter D. Lee
Summary: Directed energy deposition (DED) is a promising additive manufacturing technique for repair, but it is prone to surface waviness and cracking in thin-walled sections. The crack formation mechanism in DED is not well understood due to a lack of monitoring methods. In this study, inline coherent imaging (ICI) was used to optically monitor surface topology and detect cracking in situ.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Srinivas Gadipelli, Jian Guo, Zhuangnan Li, Christopher A. Howard, Yini Liang, Hong Zhang, Paul R. Shearing, Dan J. L. Brett
Summary: By analyzing and optimizing commonly applied electrode fabrication methods, this study demonstrates the key factors that control the capacitance performance of RGO electrodes. It is found that the electrode preparation method can lead to significant differences in capacitance values, with variations of over 100%. By optimizing the electrode processing method, a direct relationship between the surface area of RGO structures and capacitance is revealed.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shangwei Zhou, Linlin Xu, Panagiotis Trogadas, Lara Rasha, Wenjia Du, Paul R. Shearing, Marc-Olivier Coppens, Dan J. L. Brett, Rhodri Jervis
Summary: Intermittent switching between wet and dry reactant gases can improve performance stability in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) and alleviate the effects of flooding. Two relative humidity (RH) control strategies were investigated, and it was found that proper duration of the dry gas period can prevent fuel cell degradation. Current and temperature distribution mapping was used to analyze the dynamic response during the transitional stages. Intermittent switching between wet and dry reactant gases is an effective method to overcome mass transfer limitations.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Matt D. R. Kok, Anmol Jnawali, Thomas M. M. Heenan, Thomas G. Tranter, Dan J. L. Brett, Paul R. Shearing, James B. Robinson
Summary: Extending the lifetime of commercial Li-ion cells is crucial for the electrification of transport. This research uses X-ray computed tomography to study the evolution of a cylindrical Li-ion cell over an extended period. The results show a causal relationship between changes in electrode structure and capacity fade, highlighting the importance of consistent manufacturing processes and small defects in the jelly-roll.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anh Linh Hoang, Rhodri E. Owen, George Tsekouras, Dan J. L. Brett, Gerhard F. Swiegers
Summary: The cathode and anode of a "bubble-free" "capillary-fed" water electrolysis cell were separately investigated for bubble formation during operation. The results showed that the cell consumed only 40.4 kW h kg(-1) of hydrogen under standard commercial operating conditions and exhibited minimal bubble formation, demonstrating high electrochemical performance.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mayank Vashistha, Caoilfhionn Cliffe, Emma Murphy, Parimaladevi Palanisamy, Andy Stewart, Srinivas Gadipelli, Christopher A. A. Howard, Dan J. L. Brett, K. Vasanth Kumar
Summary: Crystallisation is an important process in pharmaceutical industries for purifying active pharmaceutical ingredients. The randomness and variation in this process make it difficult to regulate and predict the yield from batch to batch. In this study, a new technique called dotted crystallisation was proposed, where carbon dots were used to control nucleation and crystallisation processes. By adding small quantities of carbon dots to a supersaturated solution of curcumin, the nucleation rate of curcumin can be regulated and improved, leading to smaller crystals with a narrow size distribution compared to conventional cooling crystallisation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
K. Vasanth Kumar, Srinivas Gadipelli, Kiran A. Ramisetty, Claire Heffernan, Andrew A. Stewart, Vivek Ranade, Chris Howard, Dan Brett
Summary: During crystal growth in impure solution, impurities can hinder the growth process and slow down or even stop crystal growth. In this study, we discovered that curcumin crystals can grow in impure solution containing similar impurities, following a non-classical crystallisation pathway. We found that at high impurity concentrations, crystals can grow through sympathetic nucleation, where new growth surfaces form on seed crystals. These new surfaces act as active growth surfaces and play a crucial role in determining the crystal growth kinetics, especially at lower supersaturations. Additionally, creating artificial macrosteps on the crystal surface can not only accelerate the crystallisation rate but also control impurity transfer into the bulk crystals.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tianyu Chen, Zhibin Lu, Guangjin Zeng, Yongmin Xie, Jie Xiao, Zhifeng Xu
Summary: The study introduces a high-performance LSGM electrolyte-supported tubular DC-SOFC stack for portable applications, which shows great potential in developing into high-performing, efficient, and environmentally friendly portable power sources for distributed applications.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenbin Tong, Yili Chen, Shijie Gong, Shaokun Zhu, Jie Tian, Jiaqian Qin, Wenyong Chen, Shuanghong Chen
Summary: In this study, a three-dimensional porous NiO interface layer with enhanced anode dynamics is fabricated, forming a Schottky contact with the zinc substrate, allowing rapid and uniform zinc plating both inside and below the interface layer. The resulting NiO@Zn exhibits exceptional stability and high capacity retention.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yafeng Bai, Kaidi Li, Liying Wang, Yang Gao, Xuesong Li, Xijia Yang, Wei Lu
Summary: In this study, a flexible zinc ion supercapacitor with gel electrolytes, porous alpha-MnO2@reduced graphene oxide cathode, and activated carbon/carbon cloth anode was developed. The device exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and stability, even at low temperatures, with a high cycle retention rate after 5000 cycles.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anmol Jnawali, Matt D. R. Kok, Francesco Iacoviello, Daniel J. L. Brett, Paul R. Shearing
Summary: This article presents the results of a systematic study on the electrochemical performance and mechanical changes in two types of commercial batteries with different anode chemistry. The study reveals that the swelling of anode layers in batteries with silicon-based components causes deformations in the jelly roll structure, but the presence of a small percentage of silicon does not significantly impact the cycling performance of the cells within the relevant state-of-health range for electric vehicles (EVs). The research suggests that there is room for improving the cell capacities by increasing the silicon loading in composite anodes to meet the increasing demands on EVs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yohandys A. Zulueta, My Phuong Pham-Ho, Minh Tho Nguyen
Summary: Advanced atomistic simulations were used to study ion transport in the Na- and K-doped lithium disilicate Li2Si2O5. The results showed that Na and K doping significantly enhanced Li ion diffusion and conduction in the material.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zongying Han, Hui Dong, Yanru Yang, Hao Yu, Zhibin Yang
Summary: An efficient phase inversion-impregnation approach is developed to fabricate BaO-decorated Ni8 mol% YSZ anode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with anti-coking properties. BaO nanoislands are successfully introduced inside the Ni-YSZ anode, leading to higher peak power densities and improved stability in methane fuel. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the loading of BaO nanoislands facilitates carbon elimination by capturing and dissociating H2O molecules to generate OH.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Suresh Mamidi, Dan Na, Baeksang Yoon, Henu Sharma, Anil D. Pathak, Kisor Kumar Sahu, Dae Young Lee, Cheul-Ro Lee, Inseok Seo
Summary: Li-CO2 batteries, which utilize CO2 and have a high energy density, are hindered in practical applications due to slow kinetics and safety hazards. This study introduces a stable and highly conductive ceramic-based solid electrolyte and a metal-organic framework catalyst to improve the safety and performance of Li-CO2 batteries. The optimized Li-CO2 cell shows outstanding specific capacity and cycle life, and the post-cycling analysis reveals the degradation mechanism of the electrodes. First-principles calculations based on density functional theory are also performed to understand the interactions between the catalyst and the host electrode. This research demonstrates the potential of MOF cathode catalyst for stable operation in Li-CO2 batteries.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ganghua Xiang, Zhihuan Qiu, Huilong Fei, Zhigang Liu, Shuangfeng Yin, Yuen Wu
Summary: In this study, a CeFeOx-supported Pt single atoms and subnanometric clusters catalyst was developed, which exhibits enhanced catalytic activity and stability for the preferential oxidation of CO in H2-rich stream through synergistic effect.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dimitrios Chatzogiannakis, Marcus Fehse, Maria Angeles Cabanero, Natalia Romano, Ashley Black, Damien Saurel, M. Rosa Palacin, Montse Casas-Cabanas
Summary: By coupling electrochemical testing to operando synchrotron based X-ray absorption and powder diffraction experiments, blended positive electrodes consisting of LiMn2O4 spinel (LMO) and layered LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC) were studied to understand their redox mechanism. It was found that blending NMC with LMO can enhance energy density at high rates, with the blend containing 25% LMO showing the best performance. Testing with a special electrochemical setup revealed that the effective current load on each blend component can vary significantly from the nominal rate and also changes with SoC. Operando studies allowed monitoring of the oxidation state evolution and changes in crystal structure, in line with the expected behavior of individual components considering their electrochemical current loads.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chiara Cementon, Daniel Dewar, Thrinathreddy Ramireddy, Michael Brennan, Alexey M. Glushenkov
Summary: This Perspective discusses the specific power and power density of lithium-ion capacitors, highlighting the fact that their power characteristics are often underestimated. Through analysis, it is found that lithium-ion capacitors can usually achieve power densities superior to electrochemical supercapacitors, making them excellent alternatives to supercapacitors.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Weihao Wang, Hao Yu, Li Ma, Youquan Zhang, Yuejiao Chen, Libao Chen, Guichao Kuang, Liangjun Zhou, Weifeng Wei
Summary: This study achieved an improved electrolyte with excellent low-temperature and high-voltage performance by regulating the Li+ solvation structure and highly concentrating it. The electrolyte exhibited outstanding oxidation potential and high ionic conductivity under low temperature and high voltage conditions, providing a promising approach for the practical application of high-voltage LIBs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Martin Bures, Dan Gotz, Jiri Charvat, Milos Svoboda, Jaromir Pocedic, Juraj Kosek, Alexandr Zubov, Petr Mazur
Summary: Vanadium redox flow battery is a promising energy storage solution with long-term durability, non-flammability, and high overall efficiency. Researchers have developed a mathematical model to simulate the charge-discharge cycling of the battery, and found that hydraulic connection of electrolyte tanks is the most effective strategy to reduce capacity losses, achieving a 69% reduction.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Rodriguez-Gomez, J. Campo, A. Orera, F. de La Fuente, J. Valenciano, H. Fricke, D. S. Hussey, Y. Chen, D. Yu, K. An, A. Larrea
Summary: In this study, we analysed the operando performance of industrial lead cells using neutron diffraction experiments. The experiments revealed the evolution of different phases in the positive electrode, showed significant inhomogeneity of phase distribution inside the electrode, and estimated the energy efficiency of the cells.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiawei Liu, Chenpeng Wang, Yue Yao, Hao Ye, Yinglong Liu, Yingli Liu, Xiaoru Xu, Zhicong Chen, Huazheng Yang, Gang Wu, Libin Lei, Chao Wang, Bo Liang
Summary: The study focuses on utilizing double conductive Ni-pads as anode collectors in micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells. The simulation results show excellent performance and stability of DCNPs, and also highlight the potential applications in various fields.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yang Wang, Kangjie Zhou, Lang Cui, Jiabing Mei, Shengnan Li, Le Li, Wei Fan, Longsheng Zhang, Tianxi Liu
Summary: This study presents a polyimide sandwiched separator (s-PIF) for improving the cycling stability of Li-metal batteries. The s-PIF separator exhibits superior mechanical property, electrolyte adsorption/retention and ion conductivity, and enables dendrite-free Li plating/stripping process.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)