Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dilorom Sass, Vivian A. Guedes, Ethan G. Smith, Rany Vorn, Christina Devoto, Katie A. Edwards, Sara Mithani, James Hentig, Chen Lai, Chelsea Wagner, Kerri Dunbar, David R. Hyde, Leorey Saligan, Michael J. Roy, Jessica Gill
Summary: This study found sex differences in TBI patients, with females showing higher levels of biomarkers and behavioral symptoms compared to males. The relationship between biomarkers and behavioral outcomes was more evident in females than males, suggesting a need for further research on individualized treatment guidelines.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Michael C. Scott, Karthik S. Prabhakara, Andrew J. Walters, Scott D. Olson, Charles S. Cox
Summary: In a rodent model of traumatic brain injury, sex-based differences in pathology and neuroinflammation are limited, and only noted in one specific analysis of BBB permeability.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Peruzzu, Maria Luisa Dupuis, Marina Pierdominici, Katia Fecchi, Maria Cristina Gagliardi, Elena Ortona, Maria Teresa Pagano
Summary: This study investigated the different effects of calcitriol in modulating T cell immunity of age-matched male and female healthy donors. The results showed that calcitriol increased vitamin D receptor expression levels and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression levels in T lymphocytes of both sexes. Furthermore, calcitriol only increased the expression level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in T lymphocytes from female healthy donors. These findings provide new insights into the sex-specific anti-inflammatory role of calcitriol in T cell immunity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Harvey S. Levin, Nancy R. Temkin, Jason Barber, Lindsay D. Nelson, Claudia Robertson, Jeffrey Brennan, Murray B. Stein, John K. Yue, Joseph T. Giacino, Michael A. McCrea, Ramon Diaz-Arrastia, Pratik Mukherjee, David O. Okonkwo, Kim Boase, Amy J. Markowitz, Yelena Bodien, Sabrina Taylor, Mary J. Vassar, Geoffrey T. Manley
Summary: This study identified that women are more susceptible than men to persistent mTBI-related cognitive and somatic symptoms, with no sex differences observed after orthopedic injury. Post-concussion symptoms were also more severe in women aged 35 to 49 than in younger and older women.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Tatyana Mollayeva, Shirin Mollayeva, Nicole Pacheco, Angela Colantonio
Summary: Studies on the impact of sex and gender on traumatic brain injury outcomes show inconsistent results, highlighting the need for a comprehensive and consistent methodology incorporating social equity parameters.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
C. Batson, A. Gomez, A. S. Sainbhi, L. Froese, F. A. Zeiler
Summary: This review article summarizes the impact of age and biological sex on outcomes of moderate/severe TBI patients through high-frequency multi-modal monitoring. By reviewing a large body of literature, it discusses the relationship between various physiological parameters and patient age and sex, while also identifying current knowledge gaps in the field.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Brady Brooke, Zheng Lidan, Kootar Scherazad, Anstey Kaarin Jane
Summary: This study examined the dementia risk according to sex and gender identity. It found that males had higher mid-life dementia risk, while females had higher late-life Alzheimer's disease risk. Transgender and non-binary adults had higher late-life risk compared to cisgender individuals.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Donghui Zhu, Axel Montagne, Zhen Zhao
Summary: AD is a neurodegenerative disease, with studies showing gender differences in risk and progression. The higher risk and progression of AD in women are largely attributed to distinct biological mechanisms, such as deviations in brain structure and biomarkers, psychosocial stress responses, genetic background, and more.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aria W. Tarudji, Hunter A. Miller, Evan T. Curtis, Christopher L. Porter, Gary L. Madsen, Forrest M. Kievit
Summary: This study found that using Pro-NPTM nanoparticles with high accumulation and retention capacity can effectively inhibit oxidative stress and reduce brain injury. The treatment effect of Pro-NPTM also differs between male and female mice, suggesting a possible gender-based difference in response to antioxidant nanoparticle delivery.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hugo Gonzalez Gomez, Jude P. J. Savarraj, Atzhiry S. Paz, Xuefang Ren, Hua Chen, Louise D. McCullough, Huimahn A. Choi, Aaron M. Gusdon
Summary: This study found that an increase in peripheral eosinophil counts after non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with worse clinical outcomes. The study suggests that a delayed increase in eosinophil counts after SAH may impact patients' functional outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Kate O'Reilly, Nathan J. Wilson, Cannas Kwok, Kath Peters
Summary: This study aimed to explore the perspectives of Australian women with traumatic brain injuries to develop a gendered understanding of their experiences. The findings identified two overarching themes of loss and realigning self, highlighting the ongoing challenges and adjustments these women face. It emphasizes the importance of considering biological sex differences and socialized gender roles in providing individualized health and rehabilitation services for women with traumatic brain injuries.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Laura C. Fox, Jamie L. Scholl, Michael J. Watt, Gina L. Forster
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injuries (mild TBIs) can have different effects on males and females. Females are more likely to experience long-term psychological issues, such as mood changes and generalized anxiety. The reproductive cycle phase can also influence the symptoms experienced by females with mild TBI. These differences may be due to alterations in neurotransmission and sex steroids in brain regions related to mood and emotion. The expression of GABAA receptor and serotonin transporter (SERT) was examined in male and female rats after mild TBI. The results showed that mild TBI affected the expression of GABAA receptor in the amygdala and hippocampus in both sexes, but the direction of change depended on sex and reproductive cycle phase. SERT expression was also found to differ between sexes and vary with the cycle phase. These findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in mild TBI and may have implications for treatment strategies.
Article
Neurosciences
Geraldine Martens, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi, Nicolas Lejeune, Jean-Francois Kaux, Aurore Thibaut
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), or concussion, can result in persistent cognitive and functional symptoms, known as post-concussive syndrome (PCS), which can greatly impact quality of life. This pilot study surveyed individuals with a history of mTBI and found that sleep disturbances, including poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness, were common symptoms. Interestingly, there were significant gender differences, with a higher proportion of females experiencing PPCS and excessive daytime sleepiness.
Article
Psychiatry
Megan Wiseman, Meagan Hinks, Darcy Hallett, Jacqueline Blundell, Ellen Sweeney, Christina M. Thorpe, Susan G. Walling, Ashlyn Swift-Gallant
Summary: Females are twice as likely as males to receive a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Findings from the study suggest that ovarian hormones contribute to the increased risk of PTSD in females, while lifestyle factors do not play a role in the risk of PTSD diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aditi Bhargava, Arthur P. Arnold, Debra A. Bangasser, Kate M. Denton, Arpana Gupta, Lucinda M. Hilliard Krause, Emeran A. Mayer, Margaret McCarthy, Walter L. Miller, Armin Raznahan, Ragini Verma
Summary: The NIH announced in 2014 that applicants for research funding must consider sex as a biological variable. Despite efforts to include both sexes in research plans, confusion remains among researchers and reviewers about sex differences. Gender and sex are often used interchangeably, and the gender of the researcher may impact the outcomes of studies, particularly in behavioral research.