Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Prabhu S. Arunachalam, Alexandra C. Walls, Nadia Golden, Caroline Atyeo, Stephanie Fischinger, Chunfeng Li, Pyone Aye, Mary Jane Navarro, Lilin Lai, Venkata Viswanadh Edara, Katharina Roltgen, Kenneth Rogers, Lisa Shirreff, Douglas E. Ferrell, Samuel Wrenn, Deleah Pettie, John C. Kraft, Marcos C. Miranda, Elizabeth Kepl, Claire Sydeman, Natalie Brunette, Michael Murphy, Brooke Fiala, Lauren Carter, Alexander G. White, Meera Trisal, Ching-Lin Hsieh, Kasi Russell-Lodrigue, Christopher Monjure, Jason Dufour, Skye Spencer, Lara Doyle-Meyers, Rudolph P. Bohm, Nicholas J. Maness, Chad Roy, Jessica A. Plante, Kenneth S. Plante, Alex Zhu, Matthew J. Gorman, Sally Shin, Xiaoying Shen, Jane Fontenot, Shakti Gupta, Derek T. O'Hagan, Robbert Van Der Most, Rino Rappuoli, Robert L. Coffman, David Novack, Jason S. McLellan, Shankar Subramaniam, David Montefiori, Scott D. Boyd, JoAnne L. Flynn, Galit Alter, Francois Villinger, Harry Kleanthous, Jay Rappaport, Mehul S. Suthar, Neil P. King, David Veesler, Bali Pulendran
Summary: This study demonstrated the effectiveness of an adjuvanted RBD-NP vaccine in inducing robust and durable neutralizing antibody responses, providing protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, and cross-neutralizing various variants. Adjuvants such as AS03 and AS37 significantly enhanced the immunogenicity of the vaccine and have the potential to be candidates for COVID-19 vaccines.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pavlo Gilchuk, Isaac Thomsen, Sandra Yoder, Eric Brady, James D. Chappell, Laura J. Stevens, Mark R. Denison, Rachel E. Sutton, Rita E. Chen, Laura A. VanBlargan, Naveenchandra Suryadevara, Seth J. Zost, Jonathan Schmitz, Jill M. Pulley, Michael S. Diamond, Jillian P. Rhoads, Gordon R. Bernard, Wesley H. Self, Todd W. Rice, Allison P. Wheeler, James E. Crowe, Robert H. Carnahan
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for rapid evaluation of neutralizing antibody responses and the development of antibody-based treatments. The currently approved serological tests do not measure antibody-mediated viral neutralization, and there is a need for standardized quantitative neutralization assays. This study presents a high-throughput two-step profiling approach for identifying neutralizing convalescent plasma. Additionally, the researchers introduce a neutralizing antibody standard reagent to calibrate antibody neutralizing activity in convalescent plasma.
Review
Biology
Aminoddin M. Domado, Homobono Jacob F. Adaza, Andrea Pauline Nicole C. Beltran, Leila M. Buenviaje, Catherine D. Co, Leira R. Combalicer, Shiela May A. Corona, John Benedict F. Cruz, Maria Adrianne Camille G. Dinjotian, Eli Marie S. Esperanzate, Shaira Reinalyn G. Luna, Ethelbert Justine R. Pascua, Richard Rupert T. Vicencio, Sherwin N. Reyes
Summary: This review compares the neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers produced by different types of COVID-19 vaccines and their manner of administration. The results show that homologous mRNA vaccines produce higher NAb titers, while inactivated vaccines and viral vector vaccines result in lower titers. Moreover, heterologous combinations of inactivated and viral vector vaccines provide better protection, especially when combined with mRNA vaccines.
JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shaimaa Hamza, Ekaterina Martynova, Ekaterina Garanina, Venera Shakirova, Alisa Bilalova, Svetlana Moiseeva, Ilsiyar Khaertynova, Olesia Ohlopkova, Nataliya Blatt, Maria Markelova, Svetlana Khaiboullina
Summary: This study examined the role of neutralizing antibodies and the activation of cellular immune response in COVID-19 pathogenesis. The findings showed early activation of neutralizing antibodies in moderate COVID-19 cases, and a strong correlation between cross-reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to Omicron and Wuhan variants and disease severity. The study also found different immune response profiles in mild, moderate, and severe cases, suggesting potential protective roles of Th1 immune response and involvement of inflammasomes and Th17 activation in severe COVID-19.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Fang-Chi Hsu, Li-Chern Pan, Yen-Fang Huang, Chin-Hui Yang, Ming-Neng Shiu, Hsiu-Ju Lin
Summary: A study found that neutralizing antibody titers reached their peak within 161 days after vaccination and decreased to lower levels by day 360. This indicates that neutralizing antibody titers decline within 6 months after vaccination, and protection against the Omicron variant may only occur during the peak period.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
D. M. Weinreich, S. Sivapalasingam, T. Norton, S. Ali, H. Gao, R. Bhore, B. J. Musser, Y. Soo, D. Rofail, J. Im, C. Perry, C. Pan, R. Hosain, A. Mahmood, J. D. Davis, K. C. Turner, A. T. Hooper, J. D. Hamilton, A. Baum, C. A. Kyratsous, Y. Kim, A. Cook, W. Kampman, A. Kohli, Y. Sachdeva, X. Graber, B. Kowal, T. DiCioccio, N. Stahl, L. Lipsich, N. Braunstein, G. Herman, G. D. Yancopoulos
Summary: Recent data indicate that complications and death from Covid-19 may be related to high viral loads. In this trial involving nonhospitalized patients, a cocktail of two neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (REGN-COV2) reduced viral load, with a greater effect in patients with no immune response or high viral load at baseline. Safety outcomes were similar between REGN-COV2 dose groups and the placebo group.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Constant Gillot, Jean-Louis Bayart, Melanie Closset, Julien Cabo, Vincent Maloteau, Jean-Michel Dogne, Jonathan Douxfils, Julien Favresse
Summary: The BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine is effective in reducing COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and death, but breakthrough infections can still occur. This study examines whether lower levels of antibodies are associated with an increased risk of breakthrough infection in individuals who received three vaccine doses.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anil Gupta, Yaneicy Gonzalez-Rojas, Erick Juarez, Manuel Crespo Casal, Jaynier Moya, Diego R. Falci, Elias Sarkis, Joel Solis, Hanzhe Zheng, Nicola Scott, Andrea L. Cathcart, Christy M. Hebner, Jennifer Sager, Erik Mogalian, Craig Tipple, Amanda Peppercorn, Elizabeth Alexander, Phillip S. Pang, Almena Free, Cynthia Brinson, Melissa Aldinger, Adrienne E. Shapiro
Summary: In this study, among nonhospitalized patients with symptomatic Covid-19, sotrovimab treatment significantly reduced the risk of disease progression leading to hospitalization or death compared to placebo. Patients receiving sotrovimab also had a lower rate of serious adverse events.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Chen, Ajay Nirula, Barry Heller, Robert L. Gottlieb, Joseph Boscia, Jason Morris, Gregory Huhn, Jose Cardona, Bharat Mocherla, Valentina Stosor, Imad Shawa, Andrew C. Adams, Jacob Van Naarden, Kenneth L. Custer, Lei Shen, Michael Durante, Gerard Oakley, Andrew E. Schade, Janelle Sabo, Dipak R. Patel, Paul Klekotka, Daniel M. Skovronsky
Summary: LY-CoV555, a neutralizing antibody, showed promising results in reducing viral load, improving symptoms, and lowering the risk of hospitalization among patients with mild or moderate Covid-19. While one of the doses appeared to accelerate the decline in viral load, others did not show significant effects by day 11.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Summary: In a platform trial involving patients hospitalized with Covid-19, among 314 patients who were also being treated with remdesivir, those who received the monoclonal antibody LY-CoV555 did not have better pulmonary function at day 5 than those who received placebo. The trial was stopped for futility.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yaolin Guo, Tianyi Li, Xinyi Xia, Bin Su, Hanping Li, Yingmei Feng, Jingwan Han, Xiaolin Wang, Lei Jia, Zuoyi Bao, Jingyun Li, Yongjian Liu, Lin Li
Summary: The study found that severe COVID-19 patients have higher antibody levels compared to moderate patients, and a cytokine storm is associated with COVID-19 severity. There is a difference in immunoglobulin type between anti-S protein antibodies and anti-N protein antibodies in COVID-19 patients. These findings have important implications for clinical prevention.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mengna Lin, Kangli Cao, Feixiang Xu, Xueling Wu, Yao Shen, Su Lu, Zhongshu Kuang, Hailin Ding, Shuyun Yuan, Mian Shao, Guorong Gu, Lingyu Xing, Tianwen Gu, Shaodie Chen, Jian Sun, Jiamin Zhu, Xiaoyan Zhang, Yilin Yang, Guoping Zhao, Lihong Huang, Jianqing Xu, Zhenju Song
Summary: This study provides limited follow-up data on the recovery of Omicron COVID-19 patients after acute illness and investigates the persistence of neutralizing antibodies and T-cell mediated immunity, as well as the role of hybrid immunity in preventing reinfection. The findings suggest that 9.4% of patients experience sequelae, mainly fatigue and mental symptoms specific to Omicron infection. Additionally, hybrid immunity through full and booster vaccination significantly reduces the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter W. Horby, Marion Mafham, Leon Peto, Mark Campbell, Guilherme Pessoa-Amorim, Enti Spata, Natalie Staplin, Jonathan R. Emberson, Benjamin Prudon, Paul Hine, Thomas Brown, Christopher A. Green, Rahuldeb Sarkar, Purav Desai, Bryan Yates, Tom Bewick, Simon Tiberi, Tim Felton, J. Kenneth Baillie, Maya H. Bitch, Lucy C. Chappell, Saul N. Faust, Thomas Jaki, Katie Jeffery, Edmund Juszczak, Wei Shen Lim, Alan Montgomery, Andrew Mumford, Kathryn Rowan, David M. Weinreich, Richard Haynes, Martin J. Landray
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of casirivimab and imdevimab in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The results showed that this combination therapy reduced the 28-day mortality rate in patients without detectable antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 infection at baseline, but not in those with detectable antibodies.
Article
Immunology
Purwa Doke, Jayshree Sachin Gothankar, Prakash Prabhakarrao Doke, Milind Madhukar Kulkarni, Kiran Kishanrao Khalate, Shubham Shrivastava, Jayesh Rangrao Patil, Vidya Avinash Arankalle
Summary: The study aims to assess the modulation of neutralizing antibody titers in COVID-19 patients and understand the association with variables such as age, comorbidity, BMI, and gender. The results show a significant reduction in neutralizing antibody titers over time and their correlation with age, disease severity, comorbidity, BMI, and gender.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Zheng Wang, Dan Li, Yulu Chen, Yeping Sun, Changzhong Jin, Caiqin Hu, Yi Feng, Junwei Su, Li Ren, Yanling Hao, Shuo Wang, Meiling Zhu, Ying Liu, Jianxun Qi, Biao Zhu, Yiming Shao
Summary: In this study, memory B cells specific to the receptor binding domain (RBD) were isolated from two COVID-19 convalescents, and their antibodies were tested for neutralizing activity against different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Three potent RBD-specific neutralizing antibodies were identified, and the complex structures of two antibodies with RBD were resolved. The analysis of antibody repertoire showed higher CDR3 frequencies in the light chain compared to the heavy chain. This research contributes to the development of RBD-specific antibody-based drugs and immunogens against multiple variants.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gulay Okay, Elmas Biberci Keskin, Yasemin Akkoyunlu, Sibel Bolukcu, Ayse Betul Uslu, Meliha Meric Koc
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of HBV vaccination in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs) receiving anti-TNF agents and healthy controls. Results showed that male sex, use of specific medications, and vaccination after anti-TNF treatment were identified as risk factors of nonresponse to HBV vaccine. Vigilance and HBV vaccination prior to initiating anti-TNF treatment in patients with CIDs are recommended.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Merve Kalkan-Yazici, Elif Karaaslan, Nesibe Selma Cetin, Sevde Hasanoglu, Filiz Guney, Umit Zeybek, Mehmet Z. Doymaz
Summary: CCHFV poses a severe threat to public health, while HAZV is not pathogenic to humans and can be studied under BSL2 conditions. The cross-reactivity in anti-NP humoral immune response between HAZV and CCHFV in multiple species suggests the utility of HAZV as a surrogate model for studying CCHFV infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Fehmi Tabak, Esra Zerdali, Ozlem Altuntas, Alper Gunduz, Sibel Bolukcu, Bilgul Mete, Inci Y. Nakir, Hayat Kumbasar Karaosmanoglu, Dilek S. Yildiz, Meliha Meric Koc, Ilyas Dokmetas
Summary: The use of E/C/F/TAF effectively suppresses HIV infection, increases CD4 cell count, and is well tolerated in real-life settings. Renal functions remain stable during treatment, but there is an increase in LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, along with an increase in HDL cholesterol levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Hakan Erdem, Sally Hargreaves, Handan Ankarali, Hulya Caskurlu, Sevil Alkan Ceviker, Asiye Bahar-Kacmaz, Meliha Meric-Koc, Mustafa Altindis, Yasemin Yildiz-Kirazaldi, Filiz Kizilates, Jameela Alsalman, Yasemin Cag, Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal, Ilyas Dokmetas, Emine Kubra Dindar-Demiray, Ghaydaa Ahmed Shehata, Hakan Hasman, Ainur Sadykova, Ferran Llopis, Ergys Ramosaco, Mateja Logar, Handan Alay, Fatma Kesmez-Can, Yvon Ruch, Dilek Bulut, Mateja Jankovic Makek, Andrea Marino, Amjad Mahboob, Amani El-Kholy, Dirar Abdallah, Merve Sefa-Sayar, Ridvan Karaali, Selda Aslan, Razi Even Dar, Esam Abdalla, Helena Monzon-Camps, Rusmir Baljic, Dumitru Irina Mgdalena, Behrouz Naghili, Mohamed Elhassan Abbas Dafalla, Ameen S. S. Alwashmi, Cernat Roxana Carmen, Sergio Ramirez-Estrada, Marzena Wojewodzka-Zelezniakowicz, Ozay Akyildiz, Joanna Zajkowska, Rehab El-Sokkary, Nirav Pandya, Fatma Amer, Ilad Alavi-Darazam, Svjetlana Grgic, Ahmed Ashraf Wegdan, Jehan El-Kholy, Cansu Bulut-Avsar, Sholpan Kulzhanova, Meltem Tasbakan, Hema Prakash Kumari, Natalia Dirani, Kalyan Koganti, Aidos K. Konkayev, Michael M. Petrov, Antonio Cascio, Anna Liskova, Rosa Fontana Del Vecchio, Lorenza Lambertenghi, Nikolay Mladenov, Serkan Oncu, Jordi Rello
Summary: By conducting a multinational survey on antimicrobial treatment in emergency departments, this study found variations in the use of antibiotics and hospitalization decisions across different countries, with the possibility of irrational antibiotic use and inappropriate admissions for some patients. Therefore, a better organizational scheme is required to optimize antimicrobial treatment in emergency departments.
JOURNAL OF CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Ali Mert, Haluk Vahaboglu, Ferhat Arslan, Ayse Batirel, Kemal Tolga Saracoglu, Aliye Bastug, Atahan Cagatay, Ilim Irmak, Gulcin Telli Dizman, Ihsan Ertenli, Lutfiye Nilsun Altunal, Buket Erturk Sengel, Mehmet Bayram, Ahmet Omma, Shirkhan Amikishiyev, Adalet Aypak, Cemal Bes, Sibel Bolukcu, Sacit Icten, Arzu Topeli, Murat Bektas, Birsen Yigit Arslan, Sinan Ozturk, Senol Comoglu, Selda Aydin, Orhan Kucuksahin, Ozan Cemal Icacan, Burak Ince, Sarvan Aghamuradov, Melek Yalcin Mutlu, Funda Simsek, Salih Emre, Cemal Ustun, Pinar Ergen, Ozlem Aydin, Meliha Meric Koc, Omur Gokmen Sevindik, Zekaver Odabasi, Volkan Korten, Hurrem Bodur, Rahmet Guner, Serhat Unal, Mehmet Kocak, Ahmet Gul
Summary: While tocilizumab users showed more frequent intubation or death, PS-matched analyses based on gender, ferritin, and procalcitonin levels revealed that tocilizumab may be effective in a subset of patients.
RHEUMATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Elif Karaaslan, Nesibe Selma Cetin, Merve Kalkan-Yazici, Sevde Hasanoglu, Faruk Karakecili, Aykut Ozdarendeli, Ahmet Kalkan, Ali Osman Kilic, Mehmet Ziya Doymaz
Summary: This study demonstrates abundant antibody response against NP in both natural infection in humans and following experimental immunizations in mice and rabbits. Additionally, cellular immune responses to recombinant NP (rNP) were detected in multiple species. This comprehensive investigation suggests that rNP is a promising candidate for further vaccine studies.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Paul J. F. Rider, Mohd Kamil, Ilknur Yilmaz, Habibe N. Atmaca, Merve Kalkan-Yazici, Mehmet Ziya Doymaz, Konstantin G. Kousoulas, Ahmed S. I. Aly
Summary: In this study, a attenuated herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1)-vectored vaccine was constructed to express three liver-stage (LS) malaria parasite exported proteins. Immunization with this vaccine in mice induced sterile protection against Plasmodium yoelii infection, suggesting its potential as a practical malaria vaccine for humans.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yakup Cag, Mohammad Emad Al Madadha, Handan Ankarali, Yasemin Cag, Kubra Demir Onder, Aysegul Seremet-Keskin, Filiz Kizilates, Rok Civljak, Ghaydaa Shehata, Handan Alay, Sevil Alkan-Ceviker, Fatma Yilmaz-Karadag, Meliha Cagla-Sonmezer, Manar Ezzelarab Ramadan, Dumitru Irina Magdelena, Ljiljana Betica Radic, Jurica Arapovic, Fatma Kesmez-Can, Nagwa Mostafa El-Sayed, Oladapo Babatunde Campbell, Gulden Eser-Karlidag, Reham Khedr, Mehmet Emirhan Isik, Michael Mihailov Petrov, Roxana Cernat, Umran Erturk, Yesim Uygun-Kizmaz, Eva Huljev, Fatma Amer, Mehmet Resat Ceylan, Andrea Marino, Gulnur Kul, Tuba Damar-Cakirca, Yara Mohsen Khalaf, Arzu Cennet Isik, Olumuyiwa Elijah Ariyo, Ismail Necati Hakyemez, Rezaul Karim Ripon, Abdorrahim Afkhamzadeh, Emine Kubra Dindar-Demiray, Osasona Oluwadamilola Gideon, Maya Belitova, Mustafa Altindis, Rehab El-Sokkary, Recep Tekin, Mohammed Ahmed Garout, Joanna Zajkowska, Farhan Fazal, Muhammed Bekcibasi, Mirsada Hukic, Summiya Nizamuddin, Serkan Surme, Ricardo Fernandez, Amani El-Kholy, Nasim Akhtar, Saadia Ijaz, Andrea Cortegiani, Meliha Meric-Koc, Hakan Hasman, Agah Victor Maduka, Jehan Ali ElKholy, Sema Sari, Mumtaz Ali Khan, Yasemin Akin, Sukran Kose, Hakan Erdem
Summary: This study investigated parents' attitudes towards vaccinating their children and the reasons for vaccine hesitancy and refusal (VHR) on a global scale. The results showed a higher VHR rate in high-income countries and identified factors such as having disabled children, lower education levels, and using social media as sources of information for childhood immunizations.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Esra Ozkaya, Merve Yazici, Irmak Baran, Nesibe Selma Cetin, Ilknur Tosun, Celal Kurtulus Buruk, Nese Kaklikkaya, Faruk Aydin, Mehmet Ziya Doymaz
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the seropositivity rate, anti-spike antibody levels, and neutralizing capacity of individuals infected or vaccinated with CoronaVac (R). Results showed that both infected and vaccinated individuals had detectable neutralizing antibodies, with higher titers in naturally infected individuals. All individuals became seropositive six weeks after exposure, and naturally infected individuals had higher levels of neutralizing antibodies compared to vaccinated individuals. The presence of neutralizing antibodies against the alpha variant suggests potential protection against other variants.
CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hakan Erdem, Magdalena Baymakova, Sevil Alkan, Amel Letaief, Wissal Ben Yahia, Farouq Dayyab, Entela Kolovani, Svjetlana Grgic, Federica Cosentino, Imran Hasanoglu, Reham Khedr, Andrea Marino, Abdullah Umut Pekok, Fatma Eser, Jurica Arapovic, Hatice Rahmet Guner, Ionela-Larisa Miftode, Kostadin Poposki, Gamze Sanlidag, Alper Tahmaz, Oguz Resat Sipahi, Egidia Gabriela Miftode, Serkan Oncu, Meliha Cagla-Sonmezer, Syam Kumar Addepalli, Ilad Alavi Darazam, Hema Prakash Kumari, Meliha Meric Koc, Meela Ranjith Kumar, Suresh Babu Sayana, Ahmed Ashraf Wegdan, Fatma Amer, Mehmet Resat Ceylan, Amani El-Kholy, Taylan Onder, Hamed Azhdari Tehrani, Atousa Hakamifard, Bircan Kayaaslan, Ghaydaa Shehata, Hulya Caskurlu, Nagwa Mostafa El-Sayed, Seyed Erfan Mortazavi, Mohammad Pourali, Umran Elbahr, Sholpan Kulzhanova, Tarkan Yetisyigit, Sahar Ahmed Saad, Yasemin Cag, Gulden Eser-Karlidag, Natalia Pshenichnaya, Maya Belitova, Nasim Akhtar, Fahad Al-Majid, Muge Ayhan, Mumtaz Ali Khan, Massimiliano Lanzafame, Mateja Jankovic Makek, Emmanuel Nsutebu, Antonio Cascio, Emine Kubra Dindar-Demiray, Emine Unal Evren, Rama Kalas, Ayse Kaya Kalem, Rusmir Baljic, Aamer Ikram, Selcuk Kaya, Anna Liskova, Balint Gergely Szabo, Bilal Ahmad Rahimi, Esmeray Mutlu-Yilmaz, Alper Sener, Jordi Rello
Summary: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a challenging condition for physicians. This study examined the epidemiology and dynamics of FUO in countries with different economic development levels. Data from FUO patients in 21 countries were analyzed, and the most common diagnoses were infections, neoplasms, and collagen vascular disorders. There were no significant differences in undiagnosed cases, death rates, and time to diagnosis between countries with different economic development levels. Economic development alone does not determine the characteristics of FUO, and other factors should be considered in future analyses. Physicians in all countries should be prepared to treat FUO patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Esra Zerdali, Bilgul Mete, Ozlem Altuntas Aydin, Alper Gunduz, Inci Yilmaz Nakir, Sibel Bolukcu, Hayat Kumbasar Karaosmanoglu, Dilek Yildiz Sevgi, Meliha Meric Koc, Fehmi Tabak
Summary: This study aimed to identify factors associated with HIV infection in children born to HIV-infected mothers. A multi-center retrospective cohort study was conducted, and it was found that factors such as breastfeeding, having a HIV positive sibling, being on antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy, and detectable HIV-RNA during delivery were statistically significant in relation to HIV infection in children. Being on antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy was identified as the most important predictor of mother-to-child transmission.
BALKAN MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Bilge Sumbul, Mehmet Ziya Doymaz
Summary: The gold standard method for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 is the RT-qPCR test, which determines the presence and amount of virus. Rapid antigen tests have quick results but low sensitivity. Serological tests, such as ELISA, are commonly used with high specificity in the diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19.