期刊
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
卷 406, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124328
关键词
Peroxydisulfate; Visible-light catalysis; Sulfur-doped g-C3N4; Spiramycin; Nitrosamine disinfection by-product; Removal mechanism
资金
- National Key Research and Development Plan of China [2019YFD1100201]
In this study, the removal of spiramycin was successfully enhanced by the PDS/SCN visible-light catalytic system, with significant reduction in NDMA formation potential. The main oxidizers and contributing factors for spiramycin degradation in this system were identified. The removal of spiramycin in the system occurred through three different pathways, leading to a notable decrease in NDMA formation potential.
In this study, peroxydisulfate (PDS) was activated by synthesized sulfur-doped g-C3N4 (SCN) under visible-light irradiation and was adopted to enhance the removal of spiramycin, which is an important precursor of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA). Specifically, 95.4% of spiramycin (<= 10 mg/L) was removed in 60 min under the conditions of an initial value of pH of 7.0, an SCN dose of 1.0 g/L, and a PDS dose of 200 mg/L, and its degradation fitted well with the pseudo first-order kinetics. Electron paramagnetic resonance analysis and trapping experiments confirmed that center dot O-2(-) and h(+) were the main oxidizers for the degradation of spiramycin, and center dot SO4- and center dot OH also participated in the removal of spiramycin. The removal of spiramycin in the PDS/SCN visible-light catalytic system occurred through three different pathways: aldehyde oxidation, cleavage of C-O bond and demethylation. Notably, 61.4% of NDMA formation potential (FP) was reduced after the reaction. The SCN catalyst was stable and its catalytic performance was excellent in the PDS/SCN system, as the spiramycin removal efficiency decreased only slightly from 95.4% to 87.3% after being reused three times. Therefore, our study not only provides an alternative method for removing spiramycin but can also can significantly reduce NDMA FP.
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