Article
Cell Biology
Myoung Seok Ko, Ji Young Yun, In-Jeoung Baek, Jung Eun Jang, Jung Jin Hwang, Seung Eun Lee, Seung-Ho Heo, David A. Bader, Chul-Ho Lee, Jaeseok Han, Jong-Seok Moon, Jae Man Lee, Eun-Gyoung Hong, In-Kyu Lee, Seong Who Kim, Joong Yeol Park, Sean M. Hartig, Un Jung Kang, David D. Moore, Eun Hee Koh, Ki-up Lee
Summary: This study revealed the role of a specific gene, pink1, in mitochondrial autophagy, where its deficiency induces dysfunction in brown adipose tissue and obesity. Surprisingly, the induction of NLRP3 did not lead to canonical inflammasome activity, but instead caused brown adipocyte precursors to differentiate into white-like adipocytes. These findings suggest a new mitochondria-NLRP3 pathway that contributes to BAT dysfunction and provide potential therapeutic targets for obesity-related metabolic diseases.
Article
Cell Biology
Dong-Hwan Kim, Joonbum Lee, Yeunsu Suh, Jae-Kyun Ko, Kichoon Lee
Summary: This study found that all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) can induce the transdifferentiation of myoblasts into adipocytes by increasing the expression of Ppar gamma. This discovery provides a new nutrient for enhancing marbling in poultry.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuelei Zhao, Xuexin Li, Ye Tian, Jindi Zhao, Wensai Yu, Lifan Zhang, Wei Wei, Jie Chen
Summary: This study found that nonivamide can induce browning of porcine adipocytes, inhibit adipogenesis and promote lipolysis, as well as up-regulate thermogenesis gene markers and mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Salvadori, Sara Chiappalupi, Iva Arato, Francesca Mancuso, Mario Calvitti, Maria Cristina Marchetti, Francesca Riuzzi, Riccardo Calafiore, Giovanni Luca, Guglielmo Sorci
Summary: Injecting microencapsulated Sertoli cells (SeC) in dystrophic mice leads to recovery of muscle morphology and performance through anti-inflammatory effects and induction of utrophin. SeC stimulate myoblast proliferation, delay differentiation marker expression, inhibit fibroblast fibrogenic potential, and provide functional replacement of dystrophin in DMD myotubes.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Min Jia, Tongcheng Xu, Yong-Jiang Xu, Yuanfa Liu
Summary: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige fat have the potential to fight obesity and chronic diseases by rapidly consuming fatty acids and dissipating energy. This review summarizes the effects of dietary fatty acids on thermogenic adipose tissue, including activation and deactivation of BAT and beige fat.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fenfen Li, Jia Jing, Miranda Movahed, Xin Cui, Qiang Cao, Rui Wu, Ziyue Chen, Liqing Yu, Yi Pan, Huidong Shi, Hang Shi, Bingzhong Xue
Summary: The study reveals a brown adipocyte-to-myocyte remodeling process in mature brown adipocytes, induced by prolonged high fat diet, leading to brown fat dysfunction. Epigenetic pathways involving histone and DNA methylation regulate this process, with UTX preserving brown adipocyte identity by demethylating PRDM16 and PRDM16 repressing myogenic remodeling via DNMT1-mediated Myod1 promoter hypermethylation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jessica D. Kepple, Yanping Liu, Teayoun Kim, Cheryl Cero, James W. Johnson, Glenn C. Rowe, Aaron M. Cypess, Kirk M. Habegger, Martin Young, Chad S. Hunter
Summary: The study suggests that LDB1 plays a crucial role in regulating BAT function, impacting BAT-specific mRNA expression, thermogenesis, and substrate utilization. Furthermore, LDB1 is shown to influence energy metabolism, insulin signaling, and lipid metabolism, emphasizing its importance in maintaining metabolic homeostasis in brown adipose tissue.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Tali Kiperman, Weini Li, Xuekai Xiong, Hongzhi Li, David Horne, Ke Ma
Summary: This study reports a screening platform to discover circadian clock modulators that promote myogenesis. Chlorhexidine was identified as a clock-activating molecule with pro-myogenic activities, enhancing myoblast proliferation and migration.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lydia A. Sibley, Nicole Broda, Wendy R. Gross, Austin F. Menezes, Ryan B. Embry, Vineeta T. Swaroop, Henry G. Chambers, Matthew J. Schipma, Richard L. Lieber, Andrea A. Domenighetti
Summary: The study found that myoblast progenitors from children with CP suffering from muscle contractures are hyperproliferative, associated with DNA hypermethylation and specific gene expression patterns favoring cell proliferation. Treatment with a DNA hypomethylating agent reduced this epigenetic imprint, promoting exit from mitosis and molecular mechanisms of cellular quiescence in CP myoblasts. This suggests a potential mechanism for contracture formation due to epigenetic modifications altering the myogenic program of muscle-generating stem cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Masaki Yagi, Fei Ji, Jocelyn Charlton, Simona Cristea, Kathleen Messemer, Naftali Horwitz, Bruno Di Stefano, Nikolaos Tsopoulidis, Michael S. Hoetker, Aaron J. Huebner, Ori Bar-Nur, Albert E. Almada, Masakazu Yamamoto, Anthony Patelunas, David J. Goldhamer, Amy J. Wagers, Franziska Michor, Alexander Meissner, Ruslan Sadreyev, Konrad Hochedlinger
Summary: Reprogramming from fibroblasts to induced myogenic progenitor cells (iMPCs) can be facilitated by small molecules modulating signaling pathways, in conjunction with MyoD induction, leading to the generation of iMPCs with high similarity to primary muscle stem cells. Extinction of the fibroblast program precedes the induction of the stem cell program during reprogramming, and key stem cell genes gain chromatin accessibility before transcriptional activation, with a marked loss of DNA methylation dependent on the Tet enzymes. Myotube generation, on the other hand, is associated with few methylation changes, incomplete reprogramming, and insensitivity to Tet depletion, highlighting the importance of MyoD in generating iMPCs.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Franka Messner, Marco Thurner, Jule Mueller, Michael Blumer, Julia Hofmann, Rainer Marksteiner, Sebastien Couillard-Despres, Jakob Troppmair, Dietmar Oefner, Stefan Schneeberger, Theresa Hautz
Summary: The study established a model of local application of myogenic progenitor cells (MPC) in murine hindlimb ischemia/reperfusion to study cell engraftment and differentiation for muscle regeneration. The results showed that injected MPC had the ability to engraft and differentiate into muscle fibers in IRI-affected muscle, indicating a potential therapeutic strategy for antagonizing muscle damage caused by IRI. Further research is needed to evaluate the regenerative capacity and therapeutic benefit of MPC in ischemic limb injury.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wenjing You, Ziye Xu, Wentao Chen, Xin Yang, Shiqi Liu, Liyi Wang, Yuang Tu, Yanbing Zhou, Teresa G. Valencak, Yizhen Wang, Shihuan Kuang, Tizhong Shan
Summary: This study established a novel model for brown adipose tissue (BAT) injury and regeneration and used single-cell RNA sequencing and bulk RNA sequencing to reveal the cellular and transcriptomic dynamics during BAT regeneration. The study identified the involvement of the Hedgehog signaling pathway in BAT development.
Article
Cell Biology
Hui-Jeon Jeon, Dong Kyu Choi, JaeHeon Choi, Seul Lee, Heejin Lee, Ji Hoon Yu, Sang-Hyun Min
Summary: The study found that D-mannitol induces the browning of white adipocytes by enhancing the expression of brown fat-specific genes and proteins, and upregulating lipid metabolism markers. Its dual regulatory role includes inducing a brown fat-like phenotype and enhancing lipid metabolism, suggesting its potential as an anti-obesity supplement.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yumi Takashima, Seiji Yamamoto, Noriko Okuno, Takeru Hamashima, Son Tung Dang, Ngoc Dung Tran, Naruho Okita, Fujikawa Miwa, Thanh Chung Dang, Mina Matsuo, Keizo Takao, Toshihiko Fujimori, Hisashi Mori, Kazuyuki Tobe, Makoto Noguchi, Masakiyo Sasahara
Summary: The study examined the role of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) in the beiging of neonatal mice inguinal white adipose tissue (ingWAT). The deletion of PDGFRα suppressed ingWAT growth and increased the number and expression of beige adipocytes during the neonatal period. This plasticity of PDGFRα cells may contribute to the therapeutic remodeling of white adipose tissue for metabolic diseases.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zhenyu Wang, Chaoyi Xue, Xuan Wang, Maomao Zeng, Zhaojun Wang, Qiuming Chen, Jie Chen, Mark Christian, Zhiyong He
Summary: Lotus leaf, particularly its component Q3G, can stimulate thermogenesis by activating brown adipocytes through the AMPK and β3-AR signaling pathways. The ethanol extract from lotus leaf contains high levels of polyphenols and flavonoids, with Q3G being the most abundant. The extract promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid beta-oxidation, leading to increased energy expenditure.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Liyi Wang, Ziye Xu, Defeng Ling, Jie Li, Yizhen Wang, Tizhong Shan
Summary: This article summarizes and discusses the roles of various dietary factors in regulating skeletal muscle development and function, and reviews their potential regulatory molecular mechanisms.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Shiqi Liu, Liyi Wang, Defeng Ling, Teresa G. Valencak, Wenjing You, Tizhong Shan
Summary: The review summarizes the recent progress in understanding the regulatory mechanisms of adipocyte de-differentiation, including both intracellular signals and external factors. The focus is on how both endogenous and exogenous factors play a role in the process of de-differentiation.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yanbing Zhou, Ziye Xu, Liyi Wang, Defeng Ling, Qiuyun Nong, Jintang Xie, Xiaodong Zhu, Tizhong Shan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of cold exposure on fatty acid composition and transcriptional profiles of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in pigs lacking functional UCP1 gene. It was found that cold exposure led to a decrease in saturated fatty acid content in SAT, while specific fatty acids in VAT were decreased without affecting total SFA content. The transcriptional changes induced by cold exposure were more limited in VAT, mainly involving fat cell differentiation and cell proliferation. Additionally, cold treatment increased the levels of organic acids in plasma, suggesting a regulatory role of organic acids in lipid and fatty acid metabolism in white adipose tissue (WAT) during cold exposure.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xin Gu, Liyi Wang, Shiqi Liu, Tizhong Shan
Summary: Skeletal muscle is crucial in human biological activities and energy homeostasis, as well as meat production and quality in animals. Adipose tissue, particularly white and brown adipose tissue, acts not only as an energy reserve but also as an endocrine organ that secretes signaling molecules known as adipokines and lipokines. This review highlights the secretory role of adipose tissues and the regulatory effects of adipokines and lipokines on skeletal muscle development and homeostasis. It also suggests the potential use of these molecules as drug candidates for treating muscle dysfunction and metabolic diseases, as well as their role as promising nutrients for improving animal production.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Wenjing You, Shiqi Liu, Jianfei Ji, Defeng Ling, Yuang Tu, Yanbing Zhou, Wentao Chen, Teresa G. Valencak, Yizhen Wang, Tizhong Shan
Summary: The study identifies GADD45A as a critical regulator of muscle repair and fat infiltration and suggests that EGCG may be a potential strategy to combat fat infiltration and its associated muscle dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Wentao Chen, Ziye Xu, Wenjing You, Yanbing Zhou, Liyi Wang, Yuqin Huang, Tizhong Shan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of acute cold exposure on lipid metabolism and transcriptomic changes in mouse skeletal muscle. The results showed that cold exposure led to increased intramuscular fat deposition, altered lipid composition, and upregulated genes involved in lipolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis. Cold-mediated mitophagy may play a critical role in modulating lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle, which is regulated by HIF-1 alpha signaling.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Liyi Wang, Xueyan Zhao, Shiqi Liu, Wenjing You, Yuqin Huang, Yanbing Zhou, Wentao Chen, Shu Zhang, Jiying Wang, Qiankun Zheng, Yizhen Wang, Tizhong Shan
Summary: This study investigated the cellular and transcriptional mechanisms underlying lipid deposition in highly-marbled pork using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and bulk RNA sequencing. The results revealed that the high marbled group had higher intramuscular fat (IMF) contents and lower drip loss compared to the low marbled group. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing showed a higher percentage of adipocytes in the high marbled group. Additionally, bulk RNA sequencing identified different genes involved in lipid metabolism and fatty acid elongation. The findings provide new insights into the cellular and molecular signatures of marbling formation in pork.
NPJ SCIENCE OF FOOD
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shiqi Liu, Yuang Tu, Jiabao Sun, Peiran Cai, Yanbing Zhou, Yuqin Huang, Shu Zhang, Wentao Chen, Liyi Wang, Man Du, Wenjing You, Tenghao Wang, Yizhen Wang, Zeqing Lu, Tizhong Shan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of fermented mixed feed (FMF) supplementation on the intestinal microbial community, metabolites, and flavor compounds in pork. The results showed that FMF altered the profiles of microbes and metabolites in the colon. In addition, FMF supplementation significantly increased the concentrations of volatile flavor compounds and IMP, which contributed to improving pork flavor and umami.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wuzhou Yi, Qixin Huang, Yizhen Wang, Tizhong Shan
Summary: Pork is a main source of meat consumption and its nutritional value is important for human health. The fat deposition and composition of pork affect sensory quality and nutritional quality. The lipids in pork include triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shu Zhang, Yang Ren, Yuqin Huang, Yingchun Wang, Han Dang, Tizhong Shan
Summary: Pet obesity is a growing problem that negatively affects pet health. This study evaluated the effects of different carbohydrate sources on cat digestion, blood glucose response, serum biochemical immune index, and gut microbiota. The results showed that cat food with cassava and sweet potato as the main carbohydrate sources had a better effect on controlling blood glucose and blood lipids and improving the gut microbiota of pet cats.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liyi Wang, Shu Zhang, Yuqin Huang, Wenjing You, Yanbing Zhou, Wentao Chen, Ye Sun, Wuzhou Yi, Houwei Sun, Jintang Xie, Xiaodong Zhu, Qiankun Zheng, Tizhong Shan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of CLA on lipid-nutritional quality and its regulatory mechanism in pigs through an integrated analysis of multiple omics. The results showed that CLA can decrease backfat thickness and increase intramuscular fat content, leading to significant changes in lipid metabolism-related genes and lipid dynamics. In addition, CLA altered the microbiome and metabolome profiles in the gut, resulting in an increase in short-chain fatty acids. The changes in microbial genera and SCFAs induced by CLA were closely correlated with backfat thickness, IMF content, and lipids in the muscle.
Article
Cell Biology
Ziye Xu, Wentao Chen, Liyi Wang, Wenjing You, Yanfang Wang, Yizhen Wang, Jianguo Zhao, Tizhong Shan
Summary: This study investigated the lipid profiles and regulatory pathways in the skeletal muscles of UCP1 KI pigs using lipidomics and transcriptomics. The results showed altered contents of glycerophospholipids and acyl carnitines in UCP1 KI skeletal muscles, as well as enriched metabolic regulatory pathways. Comparison of transcriptomes suggested a possible crosstalk between adipose and skeletal muscle tissues through nervous system or chemokine signaling in UCP1 KI pigs. Additionally, associations between UCP1 KI-induced metabolic alterations and metabolic and muscle dysfunction were identified using lipid biomarkers.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)