Long-term outcomes of treatment with different stent grafts in acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection

Background We developed an integrated triple-branched stent to treat acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection (AD) and modified it to enhance its adaptability. However, whether the patients treated by the modified stent would achieve better long-term prognosis is unknown. Methods This study enrolled 147 patients with acute DeBakey type I AD. The original integrated triple-branched stents were used in 57 patients (Group A) between July 2012 and August 2013, and the modified stents in 90 patients (Group B) between September 2013 and March 2015. Clinical characteristics, surgical data, postoperative complications, mortality, and follow-up data of the two groups were analyzed. Results The two groups presented comparable early death rates (Group A = 7.0%, Group B = 5.9%;p = .719). The incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) was lower in Group B (10.0%) versus Group A (24.6%) (p = .018). Compared with the original integrated triple-branched stent graft, the modified stent could reduce the risk of early postoperative AKI (OR [95% CI] = 0.36 [0.14, 0.94]). Early endoleak rates were significantly lower in Group B (1.0%) compared to Group A (9.4%) (p = .004). During follow-up, there were five deaths in Group A (9.4%) and six deaths in Group B (7.2%) (p = .646). Chronic kidney injury (7.5% vs. 3.6%;p = .311), delayed endoleak (11.3% vs. 4.8%;p = .157), and late reinterventions (7.5% vs. 2.4%;p = .155) in the two groups were similar. Conclusions In patients with acute DeBakey type I AD, the modified stent showed feasible and safe treatment outcomes and reduced early endoleak rates. However, the long-term effects were similar to the original treatment.