Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Purevsuren Losol, Milena Sokolowska, Yoon-Seok Chang
Summary: Microbiome plays essential roles in the development, training, and function of the immune system throughout life, while dysregulation of microbial community can lead to immune-mediated diseases such as asthma. Imbalances in microbial composition within mucosal environments have been consistently observed in asthma patients and associated with increased exacerbations and severity. Microbiome research has revealed hidden microbial members, their functions, and immunoregulatory effects, providing insights into the modulation of the microbiome and its impacts on immune regulation in asthma.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Julien Tap, Stine Storsrud, Boris Le Neve, Aurelie Cotillard, Nicolas Pons, Joel Dore, Lena Ohman, Hans Tornblom, Muriel Derrien, Magnus Simren
Summary: Individuals with severe IBS were found to have a higher intake of poorer-quality food items, and the covariations between gut microbiota at subspecies level and diet were associated with factors such as symptom severity. The study provides insight into diet-microbiota-symptom interactions and may guide future interventional studies on gut microbiome-based nutritional recommendations for managing gastrointestinal symptoms.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Claudia Cantoni, Qingqi Lin, Yair Dorsett, Laura Ghezzi, Zhongmao Liu, Yeming Pan, Kun Chen, Yanhui Han, Zhengze Li, Hang Xiao, Matthew Gormley, Yue Liu, Suresh Bokoliya, Hunter Panier, Cassandra Suther, Emily Evans, Li Deng, Alberto Locca, Robert Mikesell, Kathleen Obert, Pamela Newland, Yufeng Wu, Amber Salter, Anne H. Cross, Phillip Tarr, Amy Lovett-Racke, Laura Piccio, Yanjiao Zhou
Summary: This study conducted a six-month longitudinal multi-omics study on multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and healthy controls, revealing multi-system alterations in gut microbiota, immune system, and blood metabolome. The study demonstrated the interactions between gut microbiome and host immune system, metabolism, and diet, and identified microbiome and metabolome features related to the degree of disability in MS patients. Furthermore, a correlation network linking meat intake with gut microbiota and blood metabolites was discovered.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Samuel J. Gavzy, Allison Kensiski, Zachariah L. Lee, Emmanuel F. Mongodin, Bing Ma, Jonathan S. Bromberg
Summary: Bifidobacterium is a genus of commensal bacteria that has beneficial pro-homeostatic and anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory properties. It regulates the immune system through various mechanisms, such as upregulating regulatory T cells and maintaining intestinal barrier function. Recent studies have identified surface structural polysaccharide and protein elements, as well as metabolic products, as mediators of immune homeostasis. Understanding these mechanisms is important for understanding immune tolerance and homeostasis in health and disease.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Farhan Cyprian, Muhammad Umar Sohail, Ibrahim Abdelhafez, Salma Salman, Zakria Attique, Layla Kamareddine, Maha Al-Asmakh
Summary: By the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 had become a global pandemic, mainly spread through the respiratory system and associated with various chronic diseases. Recent studies suggest that the pulmonary and gut microbiomes may modulate the course of COVID-19.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru, Nicolae Corcionivoschi, Ozan Gundogdu, Mariana-Carmen Chifiriuc, Luminita Gabriela Marutescu, Bogdan Ispas, Octavian Savu
Summary: The global incidence of T1DM is increasing and research suggests that the gut microbiota may play a role in its pathogenesis. Interventions such as probiotics may help prevent and treat T1DM, emphasizing the importance of further clinical trials to confirm their efficacy and safety.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Amin R. Mohamed, Michael A. Ochsenkuehn, Ahmed M. Kazlak, Ahmed Moustafa, Shady A. Amin
Summary: Understanding the complex interactions between corals and their associated microbiome is essential for coral resilience in a warming ocean. Recent research focuses on manipulating the coral microbiome to enhance their ability to withstand stress. The potential mechanisms through which microbiota communicate with and modify host responses, as well as the power of omics tools in studying corals, are highlighted.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ajeeth K. Pingili, Mehdi Chaib, Laura M. Sipe, Emily J. Miller, Bin Teng, Rahul Sharma, Johnathan R. Yarbro, Sarah Asemota, Qusai Al Abdallah, Tahliyah S. Mims, Tony N. Marion, Deidre Daria, Radhika Sekhri, Alina M. Hamilton, Melissa A. Troester, Heejoon Jo, Hyo Young Choi, D. Neil Hayes, Katherine L. Cook, Ramesh Narayanan, Joseph F. Pierre, Liza Makowski
Summary: Obesity may enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint therapies in breast cancer, leading to differential responses to anti-PD-1 treatment in lean and obese mice.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mari Murakami, Paola Tognini
Summary: The consumption of a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet known as the ketogenic diet has diverse effects on health and is expected to have therapeutic value in neurological disorders, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. Recent studies have shown that a ketogenic diet not only shifts cellular metabolism but also exerts physiological functions on organs through various metabolites. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of a ketogenic diet may provide evidence for its clinical application in various diseases, including cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryan Bruellman, Cristina Llorente
Summary: Understanding the complex interactions between the gut microbiome and the host immune system has revealed new possibilities for treating alcohol-associated liver disease. Research has shown that the breakdown of protective gut barriers and the immune response to gut microbes play key roles in the development of this condition, opening up avenues for alternative therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Sonakshi Rastogi, Sneha Mohanty, Sapna Sharma, Prabhanshu Tripathi
Summary: This review summarizes the recent progress in understanding the effects of dietary metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), on the gut-lung axis and its impact on lung health. The role of the gut-lung axis in SARS-CoV-2 mediated inflammation is also highlighted. By analyzing global research progress and knowledge gaps, the study predicts future research directions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Henrik M. Roager, Lars H. Christensen
Summary: The aim of this review is to provide an overview of how the interactions between diet and the person's gut microbiota may affect weight loss responses. Animal studies have shown that the gut microbiota can influence obesity, but there is still limited evidence from human studies. Recent research suggests that baseline gut microbiota composition may predict weight loss responses to diet. However, more research is needed to understand the mechanistic underpinnings of these interactions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Manal Hemida, Kristiina A. Vuori, Robin Moore, Johanna Anturaniemi, Anna Hielm-Bjorkman
Summary: The study found that early and late postnatal intake of a non-processed meat-based diet was significantly associated with lower risk of IBD in dogs, while intake of an ultra-processed carbohydrate-based diet during the same periods was associated with higher risk. Additionally, normal body weight in puppies during the first 6 months of age was linked to lower IBD risk in adulthood, contrasting with slim puppies who had a higher risk.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Modupe O. Coker, Cristiana Cairo, Alfredo Garzino-Demo
Summary: HIV-infected individuals on ART are at a higher risk for oral pathologies due to changes in oral microbial communities, which may lead to increased susceptibility to inflammation. Further research is needed to understand how interventions targeting inflammation and microbial diversity can mitigate these comorbidities.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Xiangnan Xu, Michal Lubomski, Andrew J. Holmes, Carolyn M. Sue, Ryan L. Davis, Samuel Muller, Jean Y. H. Yang
Summary: The NEMoE model is proposed to analyze the relationship between gut microbiota and health state, taking into account diet-specific variations. Through simulation studies and real-world data analysis, the effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated, showing its potential in designing personalized intervention strategies.
Article
Microbiology
Renuka R. Nayak, Margaret Alexander, Ishani Deshpande, Kye Stapleton-Gray, Bipin Rimal, Andrew D. Patterson, Carles Ubeda, Jose U. Scher, Peter J. Turnbaugh
Summary: Immunomodulatory drug MTX can broadly alter human gut microbiota, especially in RA patients, with distinct effects on bacterial taxa and gene abundance between responders and non-responders. Transplantation of post-treatment samples into germ-free mice shows reduced immune activation, identifying MTX-modulated bacterial taxa associated with intestinal and splenic immune cells.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Alejandro Artacho, Sandrine Isaac, Renuka Nayak, Alejandra Flor-Duro, Margaret Alexander, Imhoi Koo, Julia Manasson, Philip B. Smith, Pamela Rosenthal, Yamen Homsi, Percio Gulko, Javier Pons, Leonor Puchades-Carrasco, Peter Izmirly, Andrew Patterson, Steven B. Abramson, Antonio Pineda-Lucena, Peter J. Turnbaugh, Carles Ubeda, Jose U. Scher
Summary: This study investigated the potential of the human gut microbiome in predicting methotrexate (MTX) efficacy in new-onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The analysis revealed significant associations between gut bacterial taxa abundance and genes with future clinical response, as well as a microbiome-based model that predicted lack of response to MTX. Ex vivo experiments also suggested a possible direct effect of the gut microbiome on MTX metabolism and treatment outcomes, supporting the value of the gut microbiome as a potential prognostic tool and therapeutic target in RA.
ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Margaret Alexander, Qi Yan Ang, Renuka R. Nayak, Annamarie E. Bustion, Moriah Sandy, Bing Zhang, Vaibhav Upadhyay, Katherine S. Pollard, Susan Lynch, Peter J. Turnbaugh
Summary: The activation of Th17 cells by human gut bacteria Eggerthella lenta exacerbates inflammatory bowel disease. Variations in E. lenta strains and the Cgr2 enzyme contribute to Th17 cell activation. Blocking E. lenta-induced intestinal inflammation is crucial for preventing the development of autoimmune diseases.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chloe Mirzayi, Audrey Renson, Fatima Zohra, Shaimaa Elsafoury, Ludwig Geistlinger, Lora J. Kasselman, Kelly Eckenrode, Janneke van de Wijgert, Amy Loughman, Francine Z. Marques, David A. MacIntyre, Manimozhiyan Arumugam, Rimsha Azhar, Francesco Beghini, Kirk Bergstrom, Ami Bhatt, Jordan E. Bisanz, Jonathan Braun, Hector Corrada Bravo, Gregory A. Buck, Frederic Bushman, David Casero, Gerard Clarke, Maria Carmen Collado, Paul D. Cotter, John F. Cryan, Ryan T. Demmer, Suzanne Devkota, Eran Elinav, Juan S. Escobar, Jennifer Fettweis, Robert D. Finn, Anthony A. Fodor, Sofia Forslund, Andre Franke, Cesare Furlanello, Jack Gilbert, Elizabeth Grice, Benjamin Haibe-Kains, Scott Handley, Pamela Herd, Susan Holmes, Jonathan P. Jacobs, Lisa Karstens, Rob Knight, Dan Knights, Omry Koren, Douglas S. Kwon, Morgan Langille, Brianna Lindsay, Dermot McGovern, Alice C. McHardy, Shannon McWeeney, Noel T. Mueller, Luigi Nezi, Matthew Olm, Noah Palm, Edoardo Pasolli, Jeroen Raes, Matthew R. Redinbo, Malte Ruhlemann, R. Balfour Sartor, Patrick D. Schloss, Lynn Schriml, Eran Segal, Michelle Shardell, Thomas Sharpton, Ekaterina Smirnova, Harry Sokol, Justin L. Sonnenburg, Sujatha Srinivasan, Louise B. Thingholm, Peter J. Turnbaugh, Vaibhav Upadhyay, Ramona L. Walls, Paul Wilmes, Takuji Yamada, Georg Zeller, Mingyu Zhang, Ni Zhao, Liping Zhao, Wenjun Bao, Aedin Culhane, Viswanath Devanarayan, Joaquin Dopazo, Xiaohui Fan, Matthias Fischer, Wendell Jones, Rebecca Kusko, Christopher E. Mason, Tim R. Mercer, Susanna-Assunta Sansone, Andreas Scherer, Leming Shi, Shraddha Thakkar, Weida Tong, Russ Wolfinger, Christopher Hunter, Nicola Segata, Curtis Huttenhower, Jennifer B. Dowd, Heidi E. Jones, Levi Waldron
Summary: The STORMS tool is a reporting guideline for human microbiome studies, consisting of a 17-item checklist to help researchers report study results concisely and completely, facilitating manuscript preparation, peer review, and reader comprehension.
Article
Cell Biology
Kathy N. Lam, Peter Spanogiannopoulos, Paola Soto-Perez, Margaret Alexander, Matthew J. Nalley, Jordan E. Bisanz, Renuka R. Nayak, Allison M. Weakley, Feiqiao B. Yu, Peter J. Turnbaugh
Summary: The study demonstrates the use of engineered bacteriophage M13 to deliver DNA to Escherichia coli in the mouse gastrointestinal tract, enabling strain-specific depletion and genomic deletions. Multiple mechanisms allow E. coli to escape targeting, providing a foundation for microbiome editing and suggesting potential for extension to other phage-bacterial pairs.
Article
Biology
Qi Yan Ang, Diana L. Alba, Vaibhav Upadhyay, Jordan E. Bisanz, Jingwei Cai, Ho Lim Lee, Eliseo Barajas, Grace Wei, Cecilia Noecker, Andrew D. Patterson, Suneil K. Koliwad, Peter J. Turnbaugh
Summary: A study of lean and obese East Asian and White participants in the San Francisco Bay Area revealed significant differences in gut microbiota between the two ethnic groups, which were associated with host body composition. Microbiome transplantations into germ-free mice showed stable, diet- and host genotype-independent differences between the gut microbiotas of East Asian and White individuals, impacting host body composition. These findings highlight the potential importance of ethnicity in microbiome studies and personalized treatments.
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peter J. Turnbaugh
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Donggi Paik, Lina Yao, Yancong Zhang, Sena Bae, Gabriel D. D'Agostino, Minghao Zhang, Eunha Kim, Eric A. Franzosa, Julian Avila-Pacheco, Jordan E. Bisanz, Christopher K. Rakowski, Hera Vlamakis, Ramnik J. Xavier, Peter J. Turnbaugh, Randy S. Longman, Michael R. Krout, Clary B. Clish, Fraydoon Rastinejad, Curtis Huttenhower, Jun R. Huh, A. Sloan Devlin
Summary: This study identifies bile acids produced by gut bacteria that inhibit the differentiation of T(H)17 cells, a key immune cell type involved in inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. The levels of these bile acids are reduced in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and are inversely correlated with the expression of T(H)17-cell-associated genes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew C. Tolonen, Nicholas Beauchemin, Charlie Bayne, Lingyao Li, Jie Tan, Jackson Lee, Brian Meehan, Jeffrey Meisner, Yves Millet, Gabrielle LeBlanc, Robert Kottler, Erdmann Rapp, Chris Murphy, Peter J. Turnbaugh, Geoffrey von Maltzahn, Christopher M. Liu, Johan E. T. van Hylckama Vlieg
Summary: The authors characterized the properties of chemically diverse synthetic glycans (SGs) in modulating the gut microbiome and demonstrated their therapeutic potential in mouse models of colonic inflammation. The study suggests that SGs could be a promising avenue for treating diseases by altering the composition and metabolites produced by the gut microbiome.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Julia Sbierski-Kind, Sophia Grenkowitz, Stephan Schlickeiser, Arvid Sandforth, Marie Friedrich, Desiree Kunkel, Rainer Glauben, Sebastian Brachs, Knut Mai, Andrea Thuermer, Aleksandar Radonic, Oliver Drechsel, Peter J. Turnbaugh, Jordan E. Bisanz, Hans-Dieter Volk, Joachim Spranger, Reiner Jumpertz von Schwartzenberg
Summary: Caloric restriction can improve metabolic health, reduce body fat accumulation, and enhance glucose tolerance, while delaying immune senescence by reducing specific cellular immune responses. This suggests that modulation of the gut microbiome could lead to the development of new therapeutic options for metabolic diseases.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Christine A. Olson, Peter J. Turnbaugh
Summary: Bacteria can be modified to degrade antibiotics in the gut, which helps to maintain colonization resistance against pathogenic bacteria and limit the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in mice.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sorbarikor Piawah, Than S. Kyaw, Kai Trepka, Anita L. Stewart, Rosa V. Mora, Dalila Stanfield, Kendall Levine, Erin L. Van Blarigan, Alan Venook, Peter J. Turnbaugh, Tung Nguyen, Chloe E. Atreya, Kekoa Taparra
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between the gut microbiome and colorectal cancer disparities in different racial and ethnic groups. The findings suggest that there are associations between gut microbial composition and race and ethnicity, highlighting the feasibility of analyzing the links between gut microbes and colorectal cancer disparities.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Iulia Rusu, Elvira Mennillo, Jared L. Bain, Zhongmei Li, Xiaofei Sun, Kimberly M. Ly, Yenny Y. Rosli, Mohammad Naser, Zunqiu Wang, Rommel Advincula, Philip Achacoso, Ling Shao, Bahram Razani, Ophir D. Klein, Alexander Marson, Jessie A. Turnbaugh, Peter J. Turnbaugh, Barbara A. Malynn, Averil Ma, Michael G. Kattah
Summary: Anti-TNF therapy is effective for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but some patients don't respond well to this treatment. In this study, researchers found that the deletion of certain genes in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) can sensitize mice to both TNF-dependent and TNF-independent cell death. The study also showed that microbial signals, MyD88, and LT alpha all contribute to the TNF-independent intestinal injury. These findings highlight the importance of TNF-independent pathways in the development of IBD and suggest potential targets for therapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)