Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Panjaree Siwaponanan, Pontawee Kaewkumdee, Wilasinee Phromawan, Suthipol Udompunturak, Nusara Chomanee, Kamol Udol, Kovit Pattanapanyasat, Rungroj Krittayaphong
Summary: This study identified differentially expressed lEV-miRNAs between patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) and non-AF controls. lEVs were isolated and characterized, and it was found that AF patients had significantly higher levels of lEVs at the size of 101-200 nm. This study provided insights into the pathophysiology of AF and the potential for developing novel biomarkers for diagnosis or monitoring of high-risk patients.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Qichen Shen, Zhuizui Huang, Lingyan Ma, Jiachen Yao, Ting Luo, Yao Zhao, Yingping Xiao, Yuanxiang Jin
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global disease without a cure, and disruption of the microbial ecosystem is considered a major cause. This study investigated the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and membrane vesicles (MVs) in host-microbe interactions in colitis. The researchers found that miR-181b-5p transplantation inhibited inflammation and promoted macrophage polarization, while miR-200b-3p regulated the microbiota composition and contributed to intestinal barrier integrity. MVs from feces and BMVs from colitis also had similar effects. These findings provide new insights and potential treatment strategies for colitis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnieszka Bielska, Magdalena Niemira, Adam Kretowski
Summary: Type 2 diabetes and its complications pose a serious threat to patients' life and health worldwide, especially vascular complications. MicroRNAs are considered potential biomarkers for detecting diabetes-related complications and may facilitate the development of more effective therapeutic approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Garavelli, Francesco Prattichizzo, Antonio Ceriello, Mario Galgani, Paola de Candia
Summary: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune destruction of insulin-secreting beta cells. Recent research suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) may serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for disease progression and complications.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jonathan R. T. Lakey, Yanmin Wang, Michael Alexander, Mike K. S. Chan, Michelle B. F. Wong, Krista Casazza, Ian Jenkins
Summary: This review highlights the functional capacities of exosomes and their contributions to the onset and progression of type-1 diabetes. Exosomes have regenerative, regulatory, and immunomodulatory abilities, making them suitable as biomarkers, drug delivery vehicles, and therapeutic tools. Understanding exosomes and their cargo can provide actionable solutions for the prevention and treatment of type-1 diabetes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicoleta Alexandru, Anastasia Procopciuc, Alexandra Vilcu, Ioana Karla Comarita, Elisabeta Badila, Adriana Georgescu
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small anuclear vesicles surrounded by a lipid bilayer, released by various cell types to transfer biologically active molecules like microRNAs to adjacent or distant cells, impacting their phenotype and function. EVs are implicated in the risk and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but little is known about their involvement in prediabetes states and associated complications.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Steven Kopcho, Marina McDew-White, Wasifa Naushad, Mahesh Mohan, Chioma M. Okeoma
Summary: This study comprehensively analyzed the composition of circulating exmiRNAs and their association with extracellular particles, such as EVs and ECs, using sRNA sequencing. The study also found that SIV infection can alter the miRNA profile of EVs and suggested that miR-128-3p may be a potential target of HIV/SIV. This research has important implications for the development of biomarker approaches for various diseases based on the analysis of circulating exmiRNAs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Akram Abolbaghaei, Maddison Turner, Jean-Francois Thibodeau, Chet E. E. Holterman, Christopher R. J. Kennedy, Dylan Burger
Summary: Hypertension and diabetes induce vascular injury through unknown processes. Changes in extracellular vesicle composition may provide new insights. This study analyzed the protein composition of circulating extracellular vesicles from hypertensive, diabetic, and healthy mice, identifying differentially expressed proteins and potential pathways involved in vascular injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
David Vogrinc, Katja Goricar, Tanja Kunej, Vita Dolzan
Summary: miRNAs are crucial in neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease, offering potential for diagnostic advancements. EV-miRNAs in peripheral blood could aid in early and less invasive AD diagnosis, while research has identified candidates for novel AD biomarkers.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jolene Chisholm, Sandor Haas-Neill, Peter Margetts, Khalid Al-Nedawi
Summary: Prostate cancer (PC) is a major cause of death in men, and current biomarker tests have limitations in accurately diagnosing the disease. This study examined the protein, mRNA, and miRNA content of extracellular vesicles (EVs) collected from PC patients and healthy subjects. The analysis revealed distinct groups of proteins, mRNAs, and miRNAs that differed between healthy subjects and PC patients, as well as between different tumor types. These findings suggest potential molecular markers for diagnosing PC.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrew D. Foers, Alexandra L. Garnham, Simon Chatfield, Gordon K. Smyth, Lesley Cheng, Andrew F. Hill, Ian P. Wicks, Ken C. Pang
Summary: In rheumatoid arthritis, extracellular vesicles are associated with joint inflammation and destruction. Through sequencing EV miRNAs in synovial fluid from RA patients, differences between joints with high- and low-grade inflammation were identified, suggesting a role in regulating inflammation-related genes. EV miRNAs have the potential to modulate inflammation and contribute to RA pathophysiology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ari Ogaki, Yuji Ikegaya, Ryuta Koyama
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) composed of lipid bilayer membranes and containing various molecules like mRNA and miRNA play a crucial role in intercellular communication in the brain. Astrocytes, as the most abundant glial cells in the mammalian brain, may be influenced by EVs from inside and outside the brain, subsequently affecting brain function. Further research on the specific targeting mechanism of EVs to astrocytes could open up new therapeutic possibilities for brain diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlos Castano, Aline Meza-Ramos, Montserrat Batlle, Eduard Guasch, Anna Novials, Marcelina Parrizas
Summary: The microRNA contents of extracellular vesicles released by cells can induce transcriptomic changes in acceptor cells, contributing to the adjustment of metabolic homeostasis in response to environmental demands. Manipulation of these vesicles' microRNAs shows potential for treating metabolic dysfunction associated with obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pina Fusco, Anna Fietta, Maria Rosaria Esposito, Luca Zanella, Sara Micheli, Angelica Bastianello, Lorenzo Bova, Giulia Borile, Giuseppe Germano, Elisa Cimetta
Summary: Tumor hypoxia stimulates release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that facilitate short- and long-range intercellular communication and metastatization. The role of hypoxic EVs and their miR-210-3p cargo enrichment in promoting Neuroblastoma (NB) dissemination was investigated. The study found that hypoxic EVs were more potent in inducing NB cells migration and colony formation, and miR-210-3p was identified as the most abundant miRNA in the cargo of hypoxic EVs. Overexpression of miR-210-3p in normoxic EVs conferred them pro-metastatic features, while miR-210-3p silencing suppressed the metastatic ability of hypoxic EVs both in vitro and in vivo.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cinzia Giordano, Felice Maria Accattatis, Luca Gelsomino, Piercarlo Del Console, Balazs Gyorffy, Mario Giuliano, Bianca Maria Veneziani, Grazia Arpino, Carmine De Angelis, Pietro De Placido, Erica Pietroluongo, Francesco Zinno, Daniela Bonofiglio, Sebastiano Ando, Ines Barone, Stefania Catalano
Summary: This study identified novel miRNA signatures, miRNA-27a and miRNA-128, in breast cancer by analyzing the expression profiles of EV-derived miRNAs in the blood circulation. These miRNAs showed diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing breast cancer patients from non-cancer controls.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Francesco Andreozzi, Concetta Di Fatta, Rosangela Spiga, Gaia Chiara Mannino, Elettra Mancuso, Carolina Averta, Carmen De Caro, Martina Tallarico, Antonio Leo, Rita Citraro, Emilio Russo, Giovambattista De Sarro, Giorgio Sesti
Summary: The study found a positive relationship between fasting glucagon levels and various proinflammatory cytokines and acute-phase reactants. Through animal experiments and in vitro cell experiments, the researchers discovered that glucagon can stimulate the activation of proinflammatory pathways in the liver, which may be related to hyperglycemia and cardiometabolic risk.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Fabiola Olivieri, Francesco Prattichizzo, Fabrizia Lattanzio, Anna Rita Bonfigli, Liana Spazzafumo
Summary: One of the challenges in aging research is to understand how genetics and environmental factors interact to determine the chances of reaching extreme human lifespan in good health. Epigenetic mechanisms provide an explanation for this interaction and the long-term effects of lifestyle on aging. The theory of inflammaging suggests that chronic low-grade inflammation plays a crucial role in age-related diseases and mortality. Studies on centenarians have shown that healthy individuals can upregulate anti-inflammatory responses to cope with inflammaging. Genetic factors and the ability to remodel metabolic pathways are also important for healthy aging. The concept of antifragility, which refers to the ability of complex systems to perform better under stress, may provide insights into the heterogeneous nature of the aging process and its relationship with inflammation.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nunzia D'Onofrio, Francesco Prattichizzo, Raffaele Marfella, Celestino Sardu, Elisa Martino, Lucia Scisciola, Lorenza Marfella, Rosalba La Grotta, Chiara Frige, Giuseppe Paolisso, Antonio Ceriello, Maria Luisa Balestrieri
Summary: This study found that PCSK9 inhibitors have anti-inflammatory, anti-autophagic, and antioxidant properties, and these effects may be mediated by SIRT3. These results provide evidence for the potential mechanisms of PCSK9 inhibitors in cardiovascular disease.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mattia Massimino, Giuseppe Monea, Giuseppe Marinaro, Mariangela Rubino, Elettra Mancuso, Gaia Chiara Mannino, Francesco Andreozzi
Summary: This study investigated the association between the triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index and 1h-OGTT glucose plasma concentrations. The results showed that the TyG index is correlated with 1h-OGTT glucose concentrations and can serve as an independent marker for assessing the risk of being NGT-1h-high.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelica Giuliani, Jacopo Sabbatinelli, Stefano Amatori, Laura Graciotti, Andrea Silvestrini, Giulia Matacchione, Deborah Ramini, Emanuela Mensa, Francesco Prattichizzo, Lucia Babini, Domenico Mattiucci, Elena Marinelli Busilacchi, Maria Giulia Bacalini, Emma Espinosa, Fabrizia Lattanzio, Antonio Domenico Procopio, Fabiola Olivieri, Antonella Poloni, Mirco Fanelli, Maria Rita Rippo
Summary: This study found that the expression of MeCP2 protein is downregulated during adipogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. This downregulation is not dependent on MeCP2 DNA methylation or mRNA levels, but on miRNA regulation. miR-422a and miR-483-5p are upregulated during adipogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. Modulation of miR-422a and miR-483-5p levels can affect MeCP2 expression and adipogenic differentiation.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luigina Micolucci, Giulia Matacchione, Maria Cristina Albertini, Massimo Marra, Deborah Ramini, Angelica Giuliani, Jacopo Sabbatinelli, Antonio Domenico Procopio, Fabiola Olivieri, Annalisa Marsico, Vladia Monsurro
Summary: The nuclear factor NF-kB plays a key role in inflammation by regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes. It also has the ability to activate non-coding RNA, such as miRNAs, which further modulate gene expression. In this study, we predicted miRNA promoters using in silico analysis and identified 68 mature miRNAs with potential NF-kB binding sites in their transcription start site. These miRNAs have previously been associated with inflammation and age-related diseases. The results suggest that persistent activation of NF-kB may disrupt the transcription of specific inflammation-related miRNAs, providing potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets for common inflammatory and age-related diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiara Giordani, Giulia Matacchione, Angelica Giuliani, Debora Valli, Emanuele Salvatore Scarpa, Antonella Antonelli, Jacopo Sabbatinelli, Gilberta Giacchetti, Sofia Sabatelli, Fabiola Olivieri, Maria Rita Rippo
Summary: During aging, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) undergo cellular senescence and acquire a pro-inflammatory secretory phenotype, leading to osteoporosis. In this study, the combination of orthosilicic acid (OA) and vitamin K2 (VK2), along with three anti-inflammatory compounds (curcumin, polydatin, and quercetin) showed potential in promoting MSC osteogenesis and inhibiting their pro-inflammatory phenotype. These natural compounds could be used as a supplement to prevent or control age-related osteoporosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Francesca De Vito, Velia Cassano, Elettra Mancuso, Elena Succurro, Marta Letizia Hribal, Angela Sciacqua, Francesco Andreozzi, Giorgio Sesti, Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino
Summary: Higher pro-NT levels are a predictor of NAFLD independent of other metabolic risk factors.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Fabiola Olivieri, Francesca Marchegiani, Giulia Matacchione, Angelica Giuliani, Deborah Ramini, Francesca Fazioli, Jacopo Sabbatinelli, Massimiliano Bonafe
Summary: Geroscience regards aging as a key factor in age-related diseases, emphasizing the need to address the basic mechanisms of aging rather than individual disease pathophysiology. Women have higher life expectancy despite greater functional impairment, necessitating a study of gender-related differences in multimorbidity and disability-free life expectancy. Inflammaging, the intersection of aging and age-related diseases, plays a significant role, with sex/gender differences impacting biomarkers and severe outcomes of COVID-19.
MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelica Giuliani, Camilla Morresi, Gabriele Mazzuferi, Luisa Bellachioma, Deborah Ramini, Jacopo Sabbatinelli, Fabiola Olivieri, Tiziana Bacchetti, Gianna Ferretti
Summary: Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) play a crucial role in transporting cholesterol to tissues and their oxidative modification is a major risk factor for atherogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sphingomyelinase (SMase) treatment on LDL properties and its impact on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The results showed that both ox-LDLs and SMase-LDLs increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulated the antioxidant enzyme Paraoxonase 2 (PON2). However, only SMase-LDLs induced the activation of the feedback loop enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) to counteract the detrimental effects of ROS. Furthermore, SMase-LDLs had a stronger pro-apoptotic and proinflammatory effect on HUVECs compared to ox-LDLs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nunzia D'Onofrio, Francesco Prattichizzo, Elisa Martino, Camilla Anastasio, Luigi Mele, Rosalba La Grotta, Celestino Sardu, Antonio Ceriello, Raffaele Marfella, Giuseppe Paolisso, Maria Luisa Balestrieri
Summary: miR-27b is highly expressed in endothelial cells and plays a crucial role in regulating inflammatory pathways, cell cycle, apoptosis, and mitochondrial oxidative imbalances. miR-27b mimic can counteract the cytotoxicity and inflammation caused by TNF-alpha, as well as restore mitochondrial function. Mechanistically, miR-27b targets FOXO1 to achieve its functions.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Antonio Ceriello, Giuseppe Lucisano, Francesco Prattichizzo, Rosalba La Grotta, Chiara Frige, Salvatore De Cosmo, Paolo Di Bartolo, Graziano Di Cianni, Paola Fioretto, Carlo Bruno Giorda, Roberto Pontremoli, Giuseppina Russo, Francesca Viazzi, AMD Annals study grp
Summary: A delay in reaching HbA1c targets in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. It is unknown whether early introduction of glucose-lowering drugs can attenuate this phenomenon.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2023)