Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Anthony I. S. Kemp, Jeffrey D. Vervoort, Andreas Petersson, R. Hugh Smithies, Yongjun Lu
Summary: This study analyzes samples from the Pilbara Craton in Western Australia and finds a connection between mantle and crustal processes throughout the craton's history. The evolution of the craton was mainly driven by the transformation of juvenile mantle materials into felsic igneous rocks, indicating sustained continental growth over the past 4 billion years. The collision of the East and West Pilbara terranes at 3.1 billion years ago increased the involvement of older crust in magma generation. This study highlights the importance of comparing mantle and crustal isotope records to understand crustal growth rates in ancient terranes.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Martin J. Whitehouse, Anthony I. S. Kemp, Andreas Petersson
Summary: The composition of the mantle source during the early stages of Earth's evolution remains poorly understood. This study focuses on zircon Hf isotopes in Neoarchean gneisses from Scotland, which suggest derivation from a relatively undifferentiated mantle source. The results support the model of episodic extraction of gneiss precursors from a mildly depleted mantle starting around 3.5 billion years ago. The study also reveals slightly more radiogenic isotopic signatures in gneisses from the southern Outer Hebrides, indicating a possible terrane boundary.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ben M. Frieman, Nigel M. Kelly, Yvette D. Kuiper, Thomas Monecke, Andrew Kylander-Clark, Martin Guitreau
Summary: Lu-Hf laser ablation - multi-collector - inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) analysis on detrital zircon grains from successor basins of the Archean Abitibi and Pontiac subprovinces yielded insights into their sedimentary and magmatic provenance, with majority of grains showing epsilon(Hf) values corresponding to compositions of the Archean depleted mantle. The results suggest a well-established depleted upper mantle reservoir during the construction of the southern Superior Province around 2690-2670 Ma, likely influenced by subduction-accretion processes.
PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kristine Thrane
Summary: The new U-Pb zircon data from the Archean rocks in the Rinkian Belt of Greenland provide insights into the crystallization and metamorphic events of the Paleoproterozoic orogenic belt. The data reveal differences in Archean history between Greenland's Rinkian Belt and the Nagssugtoqidian orogen to the south, supporting models of two separate Archean cratons colliding during the Paleoproterozoic. The new data also suggest that Greenland contains the oldest rocks of the Rae craton discovered so far.
PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jan F. Tympel, Janet M. Hergt, Roland Maas, Jon D. Woodhead, Alan Greig, Robert Bolhar, Roger Powell
Summary: The research on the 3.5 billion-year-old greenstone sequences in the Pilbara Craton of Australia revealed a diverse composition of rocks with potential magma sources from further distances. Despite the complexity of origins, the isotopic data for all samples point to a 3.5 billion-year isochron, ruling out the possibility of extensive Hadean sialic basement in the region.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Chen Zhao, Jian Zhang, Guochun Zhao, Changqing Yin, Guokai Chen, Jin Liu, Xiaoguang Liu, Wenliang Chen
Summary: This study reveals a typical dome-and-keel structure in the Anziling area of the eastern North China Craton, providing crucial insights into the tectonic behavior during the evolution of the early Earth.
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ajay Dev Asokan, M. Ram Mohan, Satya Narayana Mahapatro, Ravi Shankar, K. Rasheed
Summary: The Singhbhum Craton in eastern India provides important information about early earth processes. This study focuses on the Noamundi-Jamda-Koira IOG Basin in this region and presents evidence that indicates the significant assimilation of Paleoarchean granitoids in the formation of metavolcanic rocks. Additionally, the study suggests that the Jagannathpur volcanics should be considered as an extension of the WIOG metavolcanics rather than a separate unit.
PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Aniruddha Mitra, Sukanta Dey, Pranab Das, Keqing Zong, Yongsheng Liu, Anirban Mitra, Arvind Kumar Gond
Summary: This study investigates the spatial and temporal changes in granitoid compositions in the Singhbhum Craton. The results indicate that the crust in Singhbhum Craton started building from a relatively thin oceanic plateau in the early Paleoproterozoic, and experienced gradual increase and decrease in thickness. These changes are related to the melting depth of the crust, resulting in changes in granitoid chemistry.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ming-Xian Wang, M. Santosh, Cheng-Xue Yang, Yirang Jang, Bing Yu, Pin Gao
Summary: This study investigates the formation timing and petrogenetic history of trondhjemites from the Qiangxi Complex in the North China Craton. The research reveals that these rocks formed dominantly during 2.6-2.5 Ga, with subduction-related magmatism playing a significant role and high-grade metamorphism following. These findings are crucial for understanding the growth of continents in the Early Earth.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lorena Martins, Cristiano Lana, Ariela Mazoz, Tiago Novo
Summary: Research on the Belo Horizonte Complex indicates a major period of partial melting and production of felsic rocks in the Neoarchean, with a wide variety of zircon textures consistent with a long-lived period of partial melting and crustal remobilization. The complex is shown to be part of a wider crustal segment in the southern Sao Francisco Craton, with U-Pb ages suggesting consolidation and three main episodes of partial melting before stabilization. The partial melting events are linked to a fundamental tectonic shift in the craton, resulting in the emplacement of voluminous granitoids and widespread intrusion of large syenitic bodies in the region.
GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Pradip K. Singh, Sanjeet K. Verma, Vinod K. Singh, Juan A. Moreno, Elson P. Oliveira, Xian-Hua Li, Vivek P. Malviya, Divya Prakash
Summary: This study provides comprehensive insights into the crust-mantle evolution, reworking, and cratonization of the Bundelkhand Craton during the Archean Eon, reporting new findings such as two discrete episodes of Neoarchean TTG magmatism and an older TTG gneiss than previously thought. The research also suggests that the Bundelkhand Craton did not fully amalgamate until around 2.50 Ga.
PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiaowei Zhang, Huafeng Zhang, Ying Tong
Summary: The North China Craton (NCC) went through tectonothermal events during the Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic. Petrogenetic studies were conducted on potassic meta-granites from the Guyang-Chayouzhongqi region, revealing two groups of potassic meta-granites at around 2.7 Ga and 2.5 Ga. The 2.7 Ga event is considered the most important stage of magmatic accretion in the NCC, while reworking or metamorphic alteration was the main crustal process at around 2.5 Ga.
JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Arvind Kumar Gond, Sukanta Dey, Keqing Zong, Yongsheng Liu, R. Anand, Anirban Mitra, Aniruddha Mitra
Summary: In this study of the Singhbhum Craton, we have addressed the composition and changes of the continental crust in the early Archean, the mechanism of crust-mantle interaction, and the degree of mantle depletion. Our findings indicate that the rocks in this region were derived from a strongly weathered basement dominated by granitoids formed through shallow intracrustal melting, and the formation of the crust involved episodic addition of depleted mantle-derived juvenile crust and its quick reworking. Furthermore, the study suggests that the crustal growth in this region was a result of episodic, depleted mantle-derived, intraplate magmatic injection and attendant crustal reworking.
JOURNAL OF ASIAN EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Anirban Mitra, Sukanta Dey, Pranab Das, Keqing Zong, Yongsheng Liu
Summary: Through the study of whole-rock geochemistry, detrital zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopes, and trace element data from Mesoarchean clastic rocks in two greenstone belts of the western Dharwar Craton, it is found that these rocks were derived from a strongly weathered stable continental provenance dominated by low-HREE TTGs and K-rich granites of shallow crustal origin. The detrital zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf data indicate two major crust formation events, with the antiquity of the western Dharwar Craton traced back to at least 3.8 Ga. The detrital record suggests episodic crustal growth and reworking in the western Dharwar Craton during the Paleoarchean to early Mesoarchean period, possibly related to intraplate processes.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Michael I. H. Hartnady, Christopher L. Kirkland, R. Hugh Smithies, Simon P. Johnson, Tim E. Johnson
Summary: This study reports the lead isotope compositions of K-feldspar grains from Paleoarchaean to Neoarchaean granites in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. The results indicate that the granites were derived from crustal precursors of different ages, which separated from a chondritic mantle source between 3.2 and 3.8 billion years ago and rapidly differentiated into continental crust. These findings are important for understanding the processes and timescales of early continental formation on Earth.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
L. A. Parra-Avila, J. Hammerli, A. I. S. Kemp, B. Rohrlach, R. Loucks, Y. Lu, I. S. Williams, L. Martin, M. P. Roberts, M. L. Fiorentini
Summary: In this study, the sources and processes for the formation of Cu-(Au)-porphyry deposits were investigated using one of the youngest and best-preserved world-class Cu-(Au)-porphyry systems. It was found that the Tampakan magmas were derived from depleted mantle sources, suggesting that older crustal components or metasomatized mantle are not necessary for the production of metallogenically fertile magmas. The compositions of apatite and zircon were confirmed to be useful indicators for identifying fertile porphyry systems, with intrusions directly associated with mineralization events showing elevated concentrations of Cl and S in apatite compared to pre- and post-mineralization igneous events.
CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jordan A. McDivitt, Steffen G. Hagemann, Anthony I. S. Kemp, Nicolas Thebaud, Christopher M. Fisher, Kai Rankenburg
Summary: Different genetic and timing models for gold mineralization in the Kalgoorlie gold camp are under debate. This study provides new evidence and constraints on the absolute timing of mineralization using U-Pb and Sm-Nd geochronological studies of zircon, apatite, and titanite. The results suggest that the emplacement ages of pre-ore and syn-ore dikes are similar at around 2675 Ma, and the Oroya mineralization may have a younger age at around 2665 Ma. These findings imply a protracted mineralization history in the Kalgoorlie gold camp, involving the interaction between early magmatic and late metamorphic hydrothermal systems.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Da Wang, Steven B. Shirey, Richard W. Carlson, Christopher M. Fisher, Anthony I. S. Kemp, Marion E. Bickford
Summary: This study investigates a representative suite of early Archean felsic rocks in the Minnesota River Valley terrane in northern USA, revealing the crustal evolution history using REE-rich accessory phases, indicating repeated remelting of the crust in a closed-system since formation at 3.5 Ga.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Robert Henderson, C. Spandler, E. K. Foley, A. I. S. Kemp, E. M. Roberts, C. Fisher
Summary: This study focuses on the Early Cretaceous magmatic rocks of the central east coast of Australia, which are characterized by distinctive geological features and represent a part of the Cretaceous active margin system of East Gondwana.
Article
Geology
Daniel Wiemer, Steffen G. Hagemann, Jon Hronsky, Anthony I. S. Kemp, Nicolas Thebaud, Trevor Ireland, Carlos Villanes
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of major gold deposits in northern Peru. The research found that gold deposits cluster at the intersection between Phanerozoic orogenic belts and unrecognized pre-Andean basement structures, highlighting the significance of these basement structures in controlling the localization of gold deposits.
Article
Geology
Yongjun Lu, Michael T. D. Wingate, Robert H. Smithies, Klaus Gessner, Simon P. Johnson, Anthony I. S. Kemp, David E. Kelsey, Peter W. Haines, David McB Martin, Laure Martin, Mark Lindsay
Summary: This study provides insights into the Proterozoic assembly of Australia and its importance for reconstructing Proterozoic supercontinents. The presence of a substantial domain of juvenile Proterozoic lithosphere, the Percival Lakes province, between the West Australian and North Australian cratons is identified. The study suggests that the convergence of the cratons was younger than Columbia amalgamation and that Proterozoic Australia formed during the earliest phases of Rodinia assembly.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
A. Petersson, A. I. S. Kemp, S. W. Denyszyn
Summary: The onset of plate tectonics and the appearance of rigid crust have been found to occur around 2700 Ma in the Pilbara Craton and 2500 Ma in most other Archean cratons. A recent study in the East Pilbara Terrane discovered a regionally extensive dyke swarm with an age of 3317.0 +/- 1.1 Ma, which suggests it as part of one of the oldest large igneous provinces on Earth. The study also links this dyke swarm to the deposition of large volcano-sedimentary basins, indicating the existence of lithospheric conditions suitable for plate tectonics as early as the Paleoarchean.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Anthony I. S. Kemp, Jeffrey D. Vervoort, Andreas Petersson, R. Hugh Smithies, Yongjun Lu
Summary: This study analyzes samples from the Pilbara Craton in Western Australia and finds a connection between mantle and crustal processes throughout the craton's history. The evolution of the craton was mainly driven by the transformation of juvenile mantle materials into felsic igneous rocks, indicating sustained continental growth over the past 4 billion years. The collision of the East and West Pilbara terranes at 3.1 billion years ago increased the involvement of older crust in magma generation. This study highlights the importance of comparing mantle and crustal isotope records to understand crustal growth rates in ancient terranes.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Andreas Petersson, Anthony I. S. Kemp, Maud Boyet, Martin J. Whitehouse, Matilda Boyce, Malcolm Roberts, Allen Kennedy
Summary: This study assesses the reliability of the Sm-Nd system in the oldest rocks in the Pilbara Craton using petrography, element mapping, and microanalysis of accessory minerals, along with whole rock Sm-Nd data. The results show that despite multiple thermal events and breakdown of the REE-rich mineral allanite, the Mount Webber rocks retained the Sm-Nd isotope signatures of their magmatic protoliths at the whole-rock scale. The study highlights the benefits of a combined analytical approach to obtain a more complete record of the source and thermal evolution of ancient, highly metamorphosed igneous rocks.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Daniela Gallhofer, Etienne Skrzypek, Christoph Hauzenberger, Walter Kurz, Andreas Moller, Joseph Andrew, Luis A. Parra-Avila, Laure Martin, Anthony Kemp, G. W. A. R. Fernando, Dengfeng He
Summary: Zircon megacrysts from the Kawisigamuwa carbonatite are identified as a potentially valuable reference material for laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry measurements of U-Pb and Hf isotopes. These megacrysts exhibit oscillatory zoning and low-to-moderate radiation damage. The analysis suggests that the zircons likely formed from crustal-derived carbonate melts under high-grade metamorphic conditions.
GEOSTANDARDS AND GEOANALYTICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Madeleine Ince, Steffen Hagemann, Marco Fiorentini, Anthony Kemp, Nora Rubinstein, Eduardo Zappettini
Summary: In this study, zircon U-Pb, O, Lu-Hf and trace element systematics were used to track the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution and metallogenic potential of porphyry intrusions and associated Cu-Au deposits in the Farallon Negro Volcanic Complex in northwest Argentina. The results show a change in magma source from predominantly mantle-derived to a mixture of mantle-derived and supracrustal source. Despite having variable Cu and Au grades, all intrusions have a hydrous and oxidized zircon signature. The study also highlights the significant influence of the tectonic setting and magma evolution on the formation of Cu-Au deposits in the region.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Naomi M. Tucker, Justin L. Payne, Anthony I. Kemp, Christopher L. Kirkland, Ashleigh Smyth, Warrick Tunmer, Stephanie Harvey, Melissa Stinear, Adrian Machuca, Samuel Rangel Suarez, Bert De Waele
Summary: This study utilizes various geochemical techniques to investigate the concealed basement geology and Archean-Paleoproterozoic terrane boundaries in the northeastern Albany-Fraser Orogen (AFO), revealing a new major component and providing fresh insights into early magmatic activity in the region.
PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Andreas Petersson, Ulf Soderlund, Anders Schersten, Tod Waight, Mimmi K. M. Nilsson, Jeff Vervoort
Summary: While it is now common to use Hf isotope analysis of accessory zircon in intermediate to silicic rocks, analysis of whole-rock Lu-Hf isotope remains necessary for obtaining the initial Hf isotope signatures of old mafic rocks. However, whole-rock analysis is particularly important for Si-poor rocks with a metamorphic imprint due to the sensitivity of baddeleyite, commonly used for U-Pb age analyses of mafic rocks, to alteration and metamorphism. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using whole-rock analysis for determining initial Nd and Hf values in (meta-)mafic rocks despite deformation and metamorphism under hydrated amphibolite-grade conditions.
PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zhen-Min Ge, Xiao-Long Huang, Wei Xie, Tobias W. Hofig, Fan Yang, Yang Yu, S. Khogenkumar Singh
Summary: The mantle source composition of the nascent oceanic crust in the central part of the Gulf of California has been investigated using basaltic glass samples. These samples show trace element patterns similar to enriched mid-ocean ridge basalts, suggesting that the nascent oceanic crust in the Guaymas Basin might be generated through partial melting of a depleted mantle source metasomatized by subducted slab materials.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jean-Michel Brazier, Katja E. Goetschl, Martin Dietzel, Vasileios Mavromatis
Summary: This study estimated the distribution coefficient of Zn2+ between calcite/aragonite and reactive fluids and found that the growth rate strongly influences D-Zn(2+) in both minerals. Additionally, a linear correlation was found between D-Zn(2+) and the saturation degree of the reactive fluid.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ming Lei, Michele Lustrino, Jifeng Xu, Zhiqiang Kang, Zhengfu Guo, Jianlin Chen
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive geochronological, mineralogical, and geochemical analysis of olivine leucitites in the Maiga area of southern Tibet, suggesting that these rocks originate from a carbonated peridotite mantle source and highlighting the possibility of carbonates being recycled deep into the mantle during continental subduction.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yuntao Ye, Xiaomei Wang, Huajian Wang, Haifeng Fan, Zhigang Chen, Qingjun Guo, Ziteng Wang, Chaodong Wu, Donald E. Canfield, Shuichang Zhang
Summary: Phosphorus is an essential element for life and its cycle in the ocean is closely connected with the carbon and oxygen cycles. The study of phosphate oxygen isotopes can provide insights into various reactions related to phosphorus. By analyzing carbonate fluorapatite samples from the Mesoproterozoic Era in North China, it was found that the oxygen isotope values were lower compared to modern samples, indicating a warmer climate during that time period and a potential reason for the scarcity of phosphorite.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Vincent Busigny, Oanez Lebeau, Didier Jezeduel, Carine Chaduteau, Sean Crowe, Magali Ader
Summary: This study conducted high-precision Mo isotope research on hydrothermal metal sulfides from a porphyry copper deposit in Southwest China and found that different stages of mineralization have distinct Mo isotope compositions, providing valuable insights into the behavior of Mo isotopes in magmatic-hydrothermal systems.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Min Ji, Xiao-Ying Gao, Yong-Fei Zheng, Bing Gong
Summary: The study examines the anatectic mechanisms in the Himalayan orogen, finding that pressure and temperature control the reaction, while water content mainly affects the solid-phase composition. Dehydration and hydration melting likely occur at different depths in the crust. This research provides important insights into the melting processes in collisional orogens.