Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Simona Codruta Heghes, Oliviu Vostinaru, Cristina Mogosan, Doina Miere, Cristina Adela Iuga, Lorena Filip
Summary: Coumarins, a family of benzopyrones, are widely distributed in nature and can be found in seeds, fruits, flowers, or roots of various plant species. They are present in significant concentrations in certain herbs or spices used as nutraceuticals, but can also be found in cosmetics or household products due to their pleasant odor. Accidental exposure to high doses of coumarins can lead to harmful effects in patients. This review provides a summary of the latest published data on preclinical and clinical studies with natural coumarins, focusing on the investigation of general and specific toxicity, to better understand the safety profile of these valuable compounds. Regulatory aspects regarding the use of natural coumarins in different regions of the world are also reviewed.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marion Allouchery, Cecile Tomowiak, Thomas Lombard, Marie-Christine Perault-Pochat, Francesco Salvo
Summary: This study aimed to further characterize the safety profile of ibrutinib by identifying potential safety signals through a large-scale pharmacovigilance database. A total of 36 potential safety signals, mainly involving ischemic heart diseases and pericarditis, were identified in ibrutinib-treated patients. These findings may provide important implications for patient care and monitoring of ongoing clinical trials, but further confirmation through population-based studies is needed due to the limitations of this study.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Kumar Saurabh Srivastava, Vandana Jeswani, Nabanita Pal, Babita Bohra, Vaishali Vishwakarma, Atharva Ashish Bapat, Yamini Prashanti Patnaik, Navin Khanna, Rahul Shukla
Summary: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a potentially severe brain infection that spreads through mosquito bites. Currently, there is no licensed anti-JEV drug available, although there are a few licensed vaccines with limited global use. With over 67,000 cases of JE annually, there is an urgent need to find suitable antiviral drugs for treatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yue Gao, Yue Ding, Xin-ran Tai, Chen Zhang, Dong Wang
Summary: Ponatinib is a multi-target kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of leukemia and other diseases, but its significant cardiovascular toxicity poses a challenge to its clinical use. This article reviews the pharmacokinetics, targets, therapeutic potential, toxicity and production mechanism of ponatinib, and discusses methods to reduce its toxicity.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Davide Marangoni, Roberta Maria Antonello, Marco Coppi, Marianna Palazzo, Luca Nassi, Noemi Streva, Laura Povolo, Francesca Malentacchi, Lorenzo Zammarchi, Gian Maria Rossolini, Alessandro Maria Vannucchi, Alessandro Bartoloni, Michele Spinicci
Summary: Despite the availability of effective vaccines and drugs against SARS-CoV-2, immunocompromised patients still have unpredictable courses of COVID-19. Combination antiviral regimens may be useful, but current knowledge is limited. This study describes a successful case of using oral antivirals (molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) to treat a 73-year-old patient with persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection. A scoping review also supports the potential use of combination therapy in difficult-to-treat COVID-19 cases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jiashu Xie, Zhengqiang Wang
Summary: The study examined the potential of Remdesivir and its parent nucleoside GS-441524 as oral drugs for treating COVID-19. Results showed that Remdesivir had poor stability in vitro, while GS-441524 exhibited better metabolic stability and oral bioavailability, indicating its potential as a promising oral antiviral drug for COVID-19 treatment.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Organic
Aluru Rammohan, Grigory Zyryanov
Summary: Nucleotide analogues are reliable potential therapeutic drugs for a wide range of diseases, with Remdesivir serving as an important prodrug that can act as a key drug target for diseases such as Ebola and COVID-19. These drugs are metabolized into active drug forms through sequential reactions inside the cell.
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ashesha Mechineni, Hagar Kassab, Rajapriya Manickam
Summary: Remdesivir has shown effectiveness in reducing recovery time and improving clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients, particularly in those with early presentation and moderate disease. Despite not reducing mortality, it is well tolerated and has an acceptable safety profile in both pediatric and adult populations.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG SAFETY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Paul Andrei Negru, Andrei-Flavius Radu, Cosmin Mihai Vesa, Tapan Behl, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Aurelia Cristina Nechifor, Laura Endres, Manuela Stoicescu, Bianca Pasca, Delia Mirela Tit, Simona Gabriela Bungau
Summary: A comprehensive comparative assessment of FVP and RDV against SARS-CoV-2 infections was conducted, emphasizing the importance of understanding the interactions between drug molecules and infectious agents to improve the management of COVID-19 patients and reduce the risk of antiviral resistance.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Soodeh Mahdian, Seyed Shahriar Arab
Summary: This study repurposed FDA-approved antiviral drugs for the inhibition of RdRp using virtual screening and Molecular Dynamics simulation methods. The results suggest that Paritaprevir, Simeprevir, Glecaprevir, and Ledipasvir have a higher tendency to bind to RdRp compared to Remdesivir, indicating a need for more careful consideration of the use of Remdesivir as an antiviral drug in the treatment of COVID-19.
IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSACTION A-SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jacopo Cusinato, Ylenia Cau, Anna Maria Calvani, Mattia Mori
Summary: Drug repurposing has played a crucial role in accelerating clinical trials and shortening regulatory review times in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, with remdesivir being the first specific antiviral drug approved for treatment. Other drugs like corticosteroids and LMWH are also being used, while ongoing research aims to deliver optimized therapeutic tools for future epidemics.
EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC PATENTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Anne-Laure Villard, Anne-Marie Aubertin, Suzanne Peyrottes, Christian Perigaud
Summary: A novel series of phosphoramidate pronucleotides with remarkable anti-HIV activity and efficient intracellular combination release have been reported. These prodrugs exhibit higher selectivity index than the constitutive nucleoside analogues, opening up new possibilities for further drug combination studies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdollah Ardebili, Mohammad Hassan Pouriayevali, Sahar Aleshikh, Marziyeh Zahani, Mehdi Ajorloo, Ahdieh Izanloo, Abolghasem Siyadatpanah, Hadi Razavi Nikoo, Polrat Wilairatana, Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
Summary: Curcumin has shown antiviral activity against various human pathogens in in vitro studies, indicating its potential for clinical applications in treating viral diseases. Further experiments are needed to explore the uses of curcumin and its derivatives in clinical settings.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Paola Maria Cutroneo, Valentina Isgro, Valentina Ientile, Mariacarmela Santarpia, Guido Ferlazzo, Andrea Fontana, Paolo Carrega, Elena Matarangolo, Simona Barnaba, Edoardo Spina, Gianluca Trifiro
Summary: The study provides an overview of immune checkpoint inhibitors' safety using Italian spontaneous adverse drug reaction reporting system. Most ICI-related ADR reports involved males with a median age of 67 years. ICIs were associated with higher frequencies of certain disorders compared to other drugs, with potential emerging safety signals like ischaemic heart disease and cardiac failure.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Sarabindu Roy, Ajay Yadaw, Subho Roy, Gopal Sirasani, Aravind Gangu, Jack D. Brown, Joseph D. Armstrong, Rodger W. Stringham, B. Frank Gupton, Chris H. Senanayake, David R. Snead
Summary: This study presents a newly developed synthetic methodology for the production of Pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine, an important starting material for the antiviral drug remdesivir. Through examining the mechanistic pathway, simple building blocks such as pyrrole, chloramine, and formamidine acetate were successfully utilized to obtain triazine 1 with an overall yield of 55% in a two-vessel-operated process. The research also focuses on the safety of the process, impurity profiles and control, and efforts towards scale-up for large-scale production.
ORGANIC PROCESS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Weizhuo Lu, Zhiwu Chen, Jiyue Wen
Summary: Ischemic stroke is a common and serious disease, and neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in its progression. Microglia, astrocytes, and infiltrating immune cells are involved in the complicated neuroinflammation cascade, releasing different molecules that affect inflammation. Flavonoids, plant-specific compounds, have shown protective effects against cerebral ischemia injury by modulating the inflammatory responses.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2024)
