Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jisung Yoo, Min Chul Jo, Min Cheol Jo, Seongwoo Kim, Sang-Heon Kim, Jinkeun Oh, Seok Su Sohn, Sunghak Lee
Summary: The addition of Mo can reduce the effects of hydrogen embrittlement in 32MnB5 steel and improve its resistance by decreasing hydrogen diffusivity and changing crack propagation path. Experimental results show that the addition of Mo significantly reduces ductility loss in H-charged steel, indicating higher hydrogen embrittlement resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jinliang Wang, Ning Xu, Tong Wu, Xiaohui Xi, Gui Wang, Liqing Chen
Summary: This study investigates the synergistic effect of Cu and austenite on hydrogen embrittlement in low carbon low alloy steel. The results show that Cu addition can enhance the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement, with the steel containing 1.5 wt% Cu exhibiting the highest resistance. Cu addition increases the content of retained austenite and promotes the formation of Cu-rich precipitates, which hinder the diffusion of hydrogen during deformation and provide strong trapping sites for hydrogen, thus improving the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Akihiko Fukunaga
Summary: This study investigated the evaluation method of hydrogen compatibility of A286 superalloy in high pressure hydrogen gas. SSRT tests were conducted on hydrogen-charged specimens at various strain rates at ambient temperature. The results showed that the strain rate dependence of the relative reduction in area (RRA) was smaller compared to that obtained in 70 MPa hydrogen gas at 150 degrees C. All the hydrogen-charged specimens exhibited slip-plane fractures in the grains in their cores, while the specimens in 70 MPa hydrogen gas at 150 degrees C showed different fracture surfaces morphology with decreasing strain rate, ranging from dimples to quasi-cleavages and intergranular fractures. These dissimilarities are believed to arise from differences in the hydrogen concentration behaviors of the specimens during the deformation process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jaeseok Yoo, Hyoungjin An, Junghoon Lee, Kwang Hee Yun, Sourav Kr. Saha, Namhyun Kang
Summary: In situ slow-strain-rate testing (SSRT) was conducted to evaluate the cold crack sensitivity of multipass flux-cored arc weld metals, and the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) index was quantitatively measured. The highest HE index was observed for the high-strength weld metal under low heat input condition (L-91) and for the low-strength weld metal under high heat input condition (H-71). Transverse cold cracks were formed in the window-type restraint weld cracking test under the two welding conditions with high HE indices (L-91 and H-71). The HE index of the multipass weld metals, measured through in situ SSRT, was the most important parameter for simulating the cold cracking tendency of the window-type restraint weld cracking test.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Nirosha D. Adasooriya, Wakshum Mekonnen Tucho, Erlend Holm, Terje Arthun, Vidar Hansen, Karl Gunnar Solheim, Tor Hemmingsen
Summary: The mechanical properties of tempered high strength carbon steel (AISI 4130) affected by hydrogen embrittlement were investigated using slow strain rate tensile tests. Results showed significant influences of hydrogen charging and tempering temperatures on the hardness and fracture characteristics of the steel.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hyejin Song, Minchul Jo, Dae Woong Kim
Summary: Hydrogen embrittlement is a phenomenon that deteriorates the mechanical properties of steel, influenced by microstructural factors. Adding V and Cu to steel can improve resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Akihiko Fukunaga
Summary: In order to investigate the effects of a high-pressure hydrogen environment on the elastic and plastic deformation regions, slow strain-rate tensile tests were conducted on iron-based superalloy A286 at 150 degrees Celsius. The results showed that the relative reduction in area (RRA) decreased gradually in the plastic deformation region, depending on the nominal strain exposed to hydrogen, but decreased rapidly in the elastic deformation region. The RRA value further decreased when a stress cycle was applied in the elastic region, indicating hydrogen embrittlement.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ju Li, Jiajiao Wei, Yunliang Shao, Mengjia Li, Xiaomei Yu, Jin You Zheng, Dehai Ping, Ke Hou, Zhipeng Chang, Feng Yang, Min Li, Songjie Li
Summary: The hydrogen embrittlement behaviors of two mining chain steels were investigated, and it was found that the fracture stress decreases linearly with increasing hydrogen content. The ratio of intergranular fracture area to quasi-cleavage area increases dramatically at the turning points.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. Conde, J. J. de Damborenea, J. M. Lopez-Escobar, C. Perez-Arnaez
Summary: Alloy hardened steels offer excellent mechanical properties, hardenability, and corrosion resistance. 34CrMo4 steel is widely used due to its high-strength, toughness, and wear resistance, but it experiences significant losses in mechanical properties due to hydrogen embrittlement, especially when combined with stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Cailin Wang, Jiaxuan Zhang, Cuiwei Liu, Qihui Hu, Rui Zhang, Xiusai Xu, Hongchao Yang, Yuanxing Ning, Yuxing Li
Summary: In this study, in-situ high-pressure gaseous hydrogen permeation tests and slow strain rate tensile tests were conducted to investigate the effects of hydrogen blending ratio on the performance of X80 pipeline steel in simulated hydrogen blended natural gas environments. The results show that the subsurface hydrogen concentration, ductility loss, and hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility increased significantly with the increase of hydrogen blending ratio from 10% to 15%. It was also found that there was a positive correlation between subsurface hydrogen concentration and hydrogen embrittlement index. The critical value for the safe operation of X80 hydrogen blended natural gas pipelines was determined to be 10% hydrogen blending ratio.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Wei-jian Chen, Peng-fei Gao, Shuai Wang, Hong-zhou Lu, Zheng-zhi Zhao
Summary: The study demonstrates that adding vanadium element into hot-stamped steel can result in finer microstructure, lower hydrogen diffusion coefficient, and reduced strength and plasticity loss percentage. This addition leads to dispersive distribution of hydrogen atoms and improved resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.
JOURNAL OF IRON AND STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Mitsuo Kimura, Nobuhiro Yoshikawa, Hiroaki Tamura, Takashi Iijima, Ayumu Ishizuka, Junichiro Yamabe
Summary: To expand the range of materials usable in high-pressure hydrogen environments for fuel cell vehicles (FCVs), national projects have been promoted in the automotive field. The primary aim of these projects is to establish test methods to accurately evaluate the hydrogen compatibility of materials and to standardize materials selection methods for high pressure hydrogen gas services. Two different test methods are proposed for evaluation, and they are currently under consideration to be included in the Global Technical Regulation (HFCV-gtr) phase 2.
ISIJ INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hanna Yang, Thanh Tuan Nguyen, Jaeyeong Park, Hyeong Min Heo, Junghoon Lee, Un Bong Baek, Young-Kook Lee
Summary: In this study, the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of STS 304 austenitic stainless steel was investigated. The results showed that the resistance decreased with decreasing temperature and disappeared below -150 degrees C. The occurrence of hydrogen embrittlement at temperatures from 25 to -50 degrees C was attributed to strain-induced martensitic transformation and hydrogen diffusion into stress-concentrated regions.
METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kyung-Shik Kim, Jee-Hyun Kang, Sung-Joon Kim
Summary: The study revealed that carbon can alleviate the impact of hydrogen on the tensile properties of stainless steel, but increasing the carbon content does not significantly affect hydrogen diffusivity. Cracks induced by hydrogen mainly occur at grain boundaries and propagate inside grains, but are suppressed by grain boundaries.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. S. Sa, J. C. Rocha, A. H. S. Bueno, J. A. C. P. Gomes
Summary: The susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of different types of stainless steels and carbon steel was evaluated using slow strain rate tests in a modified NACE TM-0177 solution. Different steels showed varying degrees of sensitivity to this mechanism, with S13Cr and 17Cr being the most susceptible. The harmful effect was attributed to the presence of hydrogen sulphide generated from the solution.
CORROSION ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yong Hee Jo, Kyung-Yeon Doh, Dong Geun Kim, Kwanho Lee, Dae Woong Kim, Hyokyung Sung, Seok Su Sohn, Donghwa Lee, Hyoung Seop Kim, Byeong-Joo Lee, Sunghak Lee
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. M. Vakili, A. Zarei-Hanzaki, A. S. Anoushe, H. R. Abedi, M. H. Mohammad-Ebrahimi, M. Jaskari, Seok Su Sohn, D. Ponge, L. P. Karjalainen
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bohee Kim, Seok Gyu Lee, Dae Woong Kim, Yong Hee Jo, Jinho Bae, Seok Su Sohn, Sunghak Lee
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dong Geun Kim, Yong Hee Jo, Jeong Min Park, Won-Mi Choi, Hyoung Seop Kim, Byeong-Joo Lee, Seok Su Sohn, Sunghak Lee
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Seok Su Sohn, Dong Geun Kim, Yong Hee Jo, Alisson Kwiatkowski da Silva, Wenjun Lu, Andrew John Breen, Baptiste Gault, Dirk Ponge
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hong Luo, Seok Su Sohn, Wenjun Lu, Linlin Li, Xiaogang Li, Chandrahaasan K. Soundararajan, Waldemar Krieger, Zhiming Li, Dierk Raabe
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hong Luo, Seok Su Sohn, Wenjun Lu, Linlin Li, Xiaogang Li, Chandrahaasan K. Soundararajan, Waldemar Krieger, Zhiming Li, Dierk Raabe
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jisung Yoo, Min Chul Jo, Min Cheol Jo, Seongwoo Kim, Sang-Heon Kim, Jinkeun Oh, Seok Su Sohn, Sunghak Lee
Summary: The addition of Mo can reduce the effects of hydrogen embrittlement in 32MnB5 steel and improve its resistance by decreasing hydrogen diffusivity and changing crack propagation path. Experimental results show that the addition of Mo significantly reduces ductility loss in H-charged steel, indicating higher hydrogen embrittlement resistance.
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tae Jin Jang, Won Seok Choi, Dae Woong Kim, Gwanghyo Choi, Hosun Jun, Alberto Ferrari, Fritz Kormann, Pyuck-Pa Choi, Seok Su Sohn
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tae Jin Jang, Won Seok Choi, Dae Woong Kim, Gwanghyo Choi, Hosun Jun, Alberto Ferrari, Fritz Koermann, Pyuck-Pa Choi, Seok Su Sohn
Summary: The study introduces a novel approach of shear band-driven dispersion of nano-sized and semicoherent precipitates, leading to remarkable strength-ductility balance in materials. This strategy presents a promising direction for developing high-strength ductile structural materials.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gukhyun Lim, Dongki Shin, Keun Hwa Chae, Min Kyung Cho, Chan Kim, Seok Su Sohn, Minah Lee, Jihyun Hong
Summary: This study reports a method to stabilize the cathode interface of manganese oxide batteries, which can extend the cycle life of lithium batteries.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jae Bok Seol, Won-Seok Ko, Seok Su Sohn, Min Young Na, Hye Jung Chang, Yoon-Uk Heo, Jung Gi Kim, Hyokyung Sung, Zhiming Li, Elena Pereloma, Hyoung Seop Kim
Summary: Unlike diffusion-mediated chemical short-range orders (SROs) in multi-principal element alloys, this study shows that strain-induced short-range orders can be formed by crystalline lattice defects upon external loading. Mechanical-derived short-range order (MSRO) in a Fe40Mn40Cr10Co10 alloy originates from tensile deformation at 77 K and has a minor contribution to yield strength, mechanical twinning, and deformation-induced displacive transformation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyun Chung, Won Seok Choi, Hosun Jun, Hyeon-Seok Do, Byeong-Joo Lee, Pyuck-Pa Choi, Heung Nam Han, Won-Seok Ko, Seok Su Sohn
Summary: Demands for ultrahigh strength in structural materials have been increasing in response to environmental issues. Maraging alloys offer high strength and toughness, but limited work hardening and uniform ductility. A new strategy involving deformable precipitates and dynamic phase transformation is demonstrated, resulting in a twofold enhancement of strength and ductility. This concept provides a promising alloy design for developing various ultrastrong metallic materials.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Leslie Ching Ow Tiong, Gunjick Lee, Gyeong Hoon Yi, Seok Su Sohn, Donghun Kim
Summary: Despite efforts in mechanics modeling, accurate prediction of failure progressions remains challenging due to complex damage factors and defect evolutions. This study presents a novel deep learning-based method that utilizes nondestructive X-ray computed tomography (X-CT), persistent homology (PH), and deep learning to predict failure properties based on defect state evolutions. The method accurately predicts local strain and fracture progress in fracture datasets of low-alloy ferritic steel, attributing its success to the precise quantification of key topological features of internal voids through PH analysis and multimodal learning. This proposed method enables accurate prediction of failure-related properties and can be applied in various nondestructive failure tests.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. Liu, K. Zweiacker, C. Liu, J. T. McKeown, J. M. K. Wiezorek
Summary: The evolution of rapid solidification microstructure and solidification interface velocity of hypereutectic Al-20at.%Cu alloy after laser melting has been studied experimentally. It was found that the formation of microstructure was dominated by eutectic, alpha-cell, and banded morphology grains, and the growth modes changed with increasing interface velocity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bharat Gwalani, Julian Escobar, Miao Song, Jonova Thomas, Joshua Silverstein, Andrew Chihpin Chuang, Dileep Singh, Michael P. Brady, Yukinori Yamamoto, Thomas R. Watkins, Arun Devaraj
Summary: Castable alumina forming austenitic alloys exhibit superior creep life and oxidation resistance at high temperatures. This study reveals the mechanism behind the enhanced creep performance of these alloys by suppressing primary carbide formation and offers a promising alloy design strategy for high-temperature applications.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jian Song, Qi Zhang, Songsong Yao, Kunming Yang, Houyu Ma, Jiamiao Ni, Boan Zhong, Yue Liu, Jian Wang, Tongxiang Fan
Summary: Recent studies have shown that achieving an atomically flat surface for metals can greatly improve their oxidation resistance and enhance their electronic-optical applications. Researchers have explored the use of graphene as a covering layer to achieve atomically flat surfaces. They found that high-temperature deposited graphene on copper surfaces formed mono-atomic steps, while annealed copper and transferred graphene on copper interfaces formed multi-atomic steps.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jennifer A. Glerum, Jon-Erik Mogonye, David C. Dunand
Summary: Elemental powders of Al, Ti, Sc, and Zr are blended and processed via laser powder-bed fusion to create binary and ternary alloys. The microstructural analysis and mechanical testing show that the addition of Ti results in the formation of primary precipitates, while the addition of Sc and Zr leads to the formation of fine grain bands. The Al-0.25Ti-0.25Zr alloy exhibits comparable strain rates to Al-0.5Zr at low stresses, but significantly higher strain rates at higher stresses during compressive creep testing. Finite element modeling suggests that the connectivity of coarse and fine grain regions is a critical factor affecting the creep resistance of the alloys.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Jannotti, B. C. Hornbuckle, J. T. Lloyd, N. Lorenzo, M. Aniska, T. L. Luckenbaugh, A. J. Roberts, A. Giri, K. A. Darling
Summary: This work characterizes the thermo-mechanical behavior of bulk nanocrystalline Cu-Ta alloys under extreme conditions. The experiments reveal that the alloys exhibit unique mechanical properties, behaving differently from conventional nanocrystalline Cu. They do not undergo grain coarsening during extrusion and exhibit behavior similar to coarse-grained Cu.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yiqing Wei, Jingwei Li, Daliang Zhang, Bin Zhang, Zizhen Zhou, Guang Han, Guoyu Wang, Carmelo Prestipino, Pierric Lemoine, Emmanuel Guilmeau, Xu Lu, Xiaoyuan Zhou
Summary: This study proposes a new strategy to modify microstructure by phase regulation, which can simultaneously enhance carrier mobility and reduce lattice thermal conductivity. The addition of Cu in layered SnSe2 induces a phase transition that leads to increased grain size and reduced stacking fault density, resulting in improved carrier mobility and lower lattice thermal conductivity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jia Chen, Zhengyu Zhang, Eitan Hershkovitz, Jonathan Poplawsky, Raja Shekar Bhupal Dandu, Chang-Yu Hung, Wenbo Wang, Yi Yao, Lin Li, Hongliang Xin, Honggyu Kim, Wenjun Cai
Summary: In this study, the structural origin of the pH-dependent repassivation mechanisms in multi-principal element alloys (MPEA) was investigated using surface characterization and computational simulations. It was found that selective oxidation in acidic to neutral solutions leads to enhanced nickel enrichment on the surface, resulting in reduced repassivation capability and corrosion resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
X. Y. Xu, C. P. Huang, H. Y. Wang, Y. Z. Li, M. X. Huang
Summary: The limited slip systems of magnesium (Mg) and its alloys hinder their wide applications. By conducting tensile straining experiments, researchers discovered a rate-dependent transition in the dislocation mechanisms of Mg alloys. At high strain rates, glissile dislocations dominate, while easy-glide dislocations dominate at low strain rates. Abundant glissile dislocations do not necessarily improve ductility.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. S. Szczerba, M. J. Szczerba
Summary: Inverse temperature dependences of the detwinning stress were observed in face-centered cubic deformation twins in Cu-8at.%Al alloy. The detwinning stress increased with temperature when the pi detwinning mode was involved, but decreased when the pi/3 mode was involved. The dual effect of temperature on the detwinning stress was due to the reduction of internal stresses pre-existing within the deformation twins. The complete reduction of internal stresses at about 530 degrees C led to the equivalence of the critical stresses of different detwinning modes and a decrease in the yield stress anisotropy of the twin/matrix structure.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Taowen Dong, Tingting Qin, Wei Zhang, Yaowen Zhang, Zhuoran Feng, Yuxiang Gao, Zhongyu Pan, Zixiang Xia, Yan Wang, Chunming Yang, Peng Wang, Weitao Zheng
Summary: The interaction between the electrode and the electric double layer (EDL) significantly influences the energy storage mechanism. By studying the popular alpha-Fe2O3 electrode and the EDL interaction, we find that the energy storage mechanism of the electrode can be controlled by modulating the EDL.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matthew R. Barnett, Jun Wang, Sitarama R. Kada, Alban de Vaucorbeil, Andrew Stevenson, Marc Fivel, Peter A. Lynch
Summary: The elastic-plastic transition in magnesium alloy Mg-4.5Zn exhibits bursts of deformation, which are characterized by sudden changes in grain orientation. These bursts occur in a coordinated manner among nearby grains, with the highest burst rate observed at the onset of full plasticity. The most significant burst events are associated with twinning, supported by the observation of twinned structures using electron microscopy. The bursts are often preceded and followed by a stasis in peak movement, indicating a certain "birth size" for twins upon formation and subsequent growth at a later stage.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Vaidehi Menon, Sambit Das, Vikram Gavini, Liang Qi
Summary: Understanding solute segregation thermodynamics is crucial for investigating grain boundary properties. The spectral approach and thermodynamic integration methods can be used to predict solute segregation behavior at grain boundaries and compare with experimental observations, thus aiding in alloy design and performance control.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Feiyu Qin, Lei Hu, Yingcai Zhu, Yuki Sakai, Shogo Kawaguchi, Akihiko Machida, Tetsu Watanuki, Yue-Wen Fang, Jun Sun, Xiangdong Ding, Masaki Azuma
Summary: This study reports on the negative and zero thermal expansion properties of Cd2Re2O7 and Cd1.95Ni0.05Re2O7 materials, along with their ultra-low thermal conductivity. Through investigations of their structures and phonon calculations, the synergistic effect of local structure distortion and soft phonons is revealed as the key to achieving these distinctive properties.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Beerli, Christian C. Roth, Dirk Mohr
Summary: A novel testing system for miniature specimens is designed to characterize the plastic response of materials for which conventional full-size specimens cannot be extracted. The system has an automated operation process, which reduces the damage to specimens caused by manual handling and improves the stability of the test results. The experiments show that the miniature specimens extracted from stainless steel and aluminum have high reproducibility, and the results are consistent with those of conventional-sized specimens. A correction procedure is provided to consider the influence of surface roughness and heat-affected zone caused by wire EDM.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rani Mary Joy, Paulius Pobedinskas, Nina Baule, Shengyuan Bai, Daen Jannis, Nicolas Gauquelin, Marie-Amandine Pinault-Thaury, Francois Jomard, Kamatchi Jothiramalingam Sankaran, Rozita Rouzbahani, Fernando Lloret, Derese Desta, Jan D'Haen, Johan Verbeeck, Michael Frank Becker, Ken Haenen
Summary: This study investigates the influence of film microstructure and composition on the Young's modulus and residual stress in nanocrystalline diamond thin films. The results provide insights into the mechanical properties and intrinsic stress sources of these films, and demonstrate the potential for producing high-quality nanocrystalline diamond films under certain conditions.