Article
Optics
Jingyu Mo, Xuefeng Chang, Duoji Renqing, Jinpeng Zhang, Longxing Liao, Shanming Luo
Summary: This study presents a novel type of concave lens array on an aspheric convex substrate (CLAACs) composed of an aspheric substrate and a spherical concave subeye array. A method for designing, fabricating, and characterizing the CLAACs is proposed. The results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this method for designing and fabricating lens arrays with complex discontinuous surfaces.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jiyan Zhang, Teng Qin, Zhexin Xie, Liting Sun, Zhengyu Lin, Tianhao Cao, Chentao Zhang
Summary: This article presents a solution to the design of airborne large aperture infrared optical systems based on a monocentric lens, which can meet the strict criteria of aerial reconnaissance UAVs. The system achieves a wide field of view and high image quality using a five-glass asymmetric monocentric lens. The research may facilitate the practical application of monocentric lenses in UAVs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adam L. Kaczmarek, Bernhard Blaschitz
Summary: This paper introduces a research on 3D scanning using a camera array called Equal Baseline Camera Array (EBCA), which can create a disparity map with higher precision than a stereo camera. By calibrating the array with self-calibration methods and developing new algorithms on an open-source testbed, 3D data can be obtained from images taken by the array. It also presents new results of using these arrays with different stereo matching algorithms, including ones based on convolutional neural networks and deep learning technology.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Min Sung Kim, Min Seok Kim, Gil Ju Lee, Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo, Sehui Chang, Young Min Song, Dae-Hyeong Kim
Summary: Significant progress has been made in image recognition technology in recent years, particularly in the areas of imaging and image processing. Various imaging devices inspired by the structure and functional features of natural eyes have been developed, as well as new computing devices based on memristor crossbar arrays. Integrating imaging and image processing devices into a single unit can further enhance system-level efficiency.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alper Yanilmaz, Ozhan Unverdi, Cem Celebi
Summary: The study aims to reduce optical crosstalk and improve device performance by integrating graphene with silicon. The results show that using monolayer graphene as a separate electrode on the SOI substrate can greatly minimize optical crosstalk between neighboring elements. This research is expected to have significant implications in various technological applications such as multi-wavelength light measurement, level metering, high-speed photometry, and position/motion detection.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hernan D. Guimaraynz, Sebastian Arroyo, Santiago A. Ibanez, Damian E. Oliva
Summary: The development of visual sensors for traffic analysis can benefit from mimicking two aspects of the crab's visual system: panoramic vision and visual processing strategy for a flat world. By using omnidirectional cameras, simultaneous movement analysis of multiple objects over broad areas becomes possible, reducing the complications associated with traditional vision systems. The constraint of objects moving on the ground enables the calculation of 3D vehicle trajectories using a single camera without the need for binocular vision techniques. The proposed method using the crab's visual strategy shows promising results in estimating vehicle speed in urban environments.
BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jiaheng Xie, Zijing Zhang, Mingwei Huang, Jiahuan Li, Fan Jia, Yuan Zhao
Summary: In this study, a photon-counting LiDAR system with a spatial light modulator is proposed to compensate for the non-uniform intensity profile of the illumination beam and the variation in quantum efficiency of detectors, improving the imaging quality.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiao Wang, Yingwen Wang, Changsheng Lu, Jinhu Zhang, Wu Qiu, Shu Yang, Naibo Lin, Yu Zhang, Xiang Yang Liu
Summary: In this study, a high-performance flexible photonic pressure sensor inspired by the principle of chameleon color change was constructed. The sensor is based on a lens-shaped three-dimensional photonic crystal and an alginate-based hydrogel. It exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity (32.2723 kPa-1), a peak shift of 30 nm, and a fast response time of 0.21 s. Furthermore, it has matching density, sound velocity, and acoustic impedance with water, making it a promising strategy for next-generation flexible photonic acoustic sensing devices.
CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xuran Sun, Chang Liu, Peili Zhang, Lunlun Gong, Mei Wang
Summary: The study focuses on the performance of a Si-based composite photocathode and its application in water splitting. The photocathode is modified with N-doped graphene and TiO2 nanorods, and loaded with Ni/Co phosphide catalyst to enhance its photoelectrochemical properties. The results show that the TiO2 nanorod array significantly improves the PEC activity, while the surface-loaded NiCoP catalyst enhances charge transfer efficiency and boosts HER kinetics.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2021)
Article
Optics
Weibin Cai, Xianmin Zhang, Hai Lia, Zhu Liao
Summary: This article proposes a novel calibration method for zoom micro-vision systems with electrically tunable lenses, overcoming the limitations of limited field of view and shallow depth of field. The method establishes a geometric imaging model and introduces a unique image acquisition scheme and frequency domain feature extraction algorithm to reduce the calibration workload. Experimental results show that the proposed method has good consistency and accuracy, with an average reprojection error of less than 0.25 pixels. Comparative experiments demonstrate the limitations of traditional multi-focus and fitting methods in practical applications.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Wang Xiaozhong, Yu Rui, Guo Wei, Huang Xueyuan, Li Wenchen, Wang Cheng
Summary: This paper provides a review of the development of microvibration detection using laser speckles, introducing four detection schemes and their advantages, discussing the algorithms for extracting vibration signals, and providing an outlook on future development trends.
LASER & OPTOELECTRONICS PROGRESS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Dehao Wang, Wenbin Zhang, Qiuyue Zhu
Summary: Employing beam selection in beamspace can significantly reduce hardware costs and power consumption in mmWave massive MIMO systems without performance loss. By formulating beam selection as a discrete combinational optimization problem, the spectral efficiency of MU-MIMO systems can be maximized. The proposed algorithms show good performance with variable number of beams.
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Chen JIA, Fan SHI, Meng ZHAO, Shengyong CHEN
Summary: This paper reviews the research progress and applications of light field (LF) imaging in computer vision. LF imaging, which records the position and direction information of light rays using cameras or microlens arrays, has been shown to improve the accuracy of depth estimation, image segmentation, fusion, and 3D reconstruction. It has also been innovatively applied in areas such as iris and face recognition, identification of materials and fake pedestrians, and shape recovery.
FRONTIERS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yajing Zheng, Zhaofei Yu, Song Wang, Tiejun Huang
Summary: Neuromorphic vision sensors are suitable for capturing high-speed motion, but efficiently tracking such objects is still challenging. We propose a bio-inspired unsupervised learning framework that uses the spatiotemporal information of the sensor's events/spikes to capture motion patterns. Our model filters redundant signals and extracts motion patterns using dynamic adaption and spike-timing-dependent plasticity. Combined with clustering and filtering algorithms, it can effectively track multiple targets in extreme scenes.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Optics
Jufan Zhang, Yao Zhou, Fengzhou Fang
Summary: This paper presents a new hybrid optical system that combines a geometrical waveguide and a micro-lens array to project a virtual scale network for quantitative depth calibration and fast-tracking of targets. The system can achieve faster and more accurate capturing of 3D objects in a real-time manner than conventional plenoptic cameras. The results of experiments demonstrate that the proposed system can effectively filter backgrounds and identify targets with accurate depth information, even under complex backgrounds or insufficient light.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Min Seong Kim, Gil Ju Lee
Summary: This study proposes a visually hidden and self-assembled porous polymer (VSPP) as a tag for optical PUF systems, which has virtues in terms of wavelength dependency, lens-free compact PUF system, and simple/ affordable fabrication processes. The unobservability of the VSPP and the uniqueness of optical responses by image sensors are theoretically and experimentally validated.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiangxing Yang, Keren Zhu, Xiyuan Tang, Meizhi Wang, Mingtao Zhan, Nanshu Lu, Jaydeep P. P. Kulkarni, David Z. Z. Pan, Yongpan Liu, Nan Sun
Summary: The article introduces a charge-domain computing ternary neural network (TNN) classifier with a complete four-layer neural network (NN) on a chip. The proposed ternary network provides 1.5-b resolution (0/+1/-1) for weights and activations, leading to 3.9 x fewer operations (OPs) per inference than binary neural network (BNN) for the same Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (MNIST) accuracy. The prototype achieves 97.1% MNIST accuracy with 0.18 mu J per classification, which is the smallest energy consumption for comparable MNIST classification accuracy to our knowledge.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Byoungsu Ko, Jaekyung Kim, Younghwan Yang, Trevon Badloe, Jeonghoon Park, Joo Hwan Ko, Minsu Jeong, Hyunjung Kang, Chunghwan Jung, Young Min Song, Junsuk Rho
Summary: This study investigates humidity-responsive nano pixels with a 700 nm resolution, demonstrating full standard RGB gamut coverage and a millisecond-response time. The color pixels are designed as Fabry-Perot etalons and consist of an aluminum mirror substrate, humidity-responsive polyvinyl alcohol spacer, and a top layer of disordered silver nanoparticles. The experiment shows that the volume change of the polyvinyl alcohol reaches up to 62.5% when the relative humidity is manipulated from 20 to 90%. The disordered silver nanoparticle layer enhances the speed of absorption and swelling to the millisecond level.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Won Bae Han, Se-Yeon Heo, Donghak Kim, Seung Min Yang, Gwan-Jin Ko, Gil Ju Lee, Dong-Je Kim, Kaveti Rajaram, Joong Hoon Lee, Jeong-Woong Shin, Tae-Min Jang, Sungkeun Han, Heeseok Kang, Jun Hyeon Lim, Do Hyeon Kim, Soo Hyun Kim, Young Min Song, Suk-Won Hwang
Summary: Recent advances in passive radiative cooling systems have proposed various strategies to improve cooling efficiency. By integrating this technology with the use of biodegradable materials and a bioinspired design, sustainable energy generation can be achieved, benefiting the planet's temperature/climate system. In this study, stretchable and ecoresorbable radiative cooling/heating systems with zebra stripe-like patterns were developed, allowing the generation of a large temperature gradient for thermo-electric generation. The use of zebra print for selective radiative heating showed a significant temperature difference compared to radiative cooling alone, enabling the production of energy through resorbable silicon-based thermoelectric devices. These findings suggest the potential of scalable, eco-friendly renewable energy systems.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yifan Rao, Eunbin Kim, Zhaohe Dai, Jinlong He, Ying Li, Nanshu Lu
Summary: Spontaneously formed micro-and nano-sized blisters under 2D crystals with heights ranging from a few angstroms to tens of nanometers are studied using a combination of experiments, continuum theories, and CGMD simulations. Three distinct regimes in the shape characteristics of these blisters are observed, depending on the height-to-radius ratios. The factors governing the blister shape are identified as the 2D crystal elasticity, interfacial interactions, and phases of confined substances. Approximate analytical solutions to the blister aspect ratios are provided, which agree with experimental measurements and CGMD simulation results.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sarnab Bhattacharya, Mohammad Nikbakht, Alec Alden, Philip Tan, Jieting Wang, Taha A. Alhalimi, Sangjun Kim, Pulin Wang, Hirofumi Tanaka, Animesh Tandon, Edward F. Coyle, Omer T. Inan, Nanshu Lu
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for the majority of deaths worldwide. This study introduces a thin, stretchable, lightweight, wireless, and low-power cardiac monitoring device, known as an e-tattoo, which adheres to the human chest like a temporary tattoo sticker. It allows continuous monitoring of cardiac signals, enabling early detection and prevention of cardiac complications.
ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Siyi Liu, Jinlong He, Yifan Rao, Zhaohe Dai, Huilin Ye, John C. Tanir, Ying Li, Nanshu Lu
Summary: Three-dimensional surface-conformable electronics have potential applications in curved displays, bioelectronics, and biomimetics. Flexibility and stretchability are challenges for fully conforming electronics to nondevelopable surfaces. This study investigates the conformability of circular sheets on spherical surfaces and identifies a scaling law that predicts their conformability. The effects of radial slits on improving conformability are quantified, providing practical guidelines for achieving high conformability.
Article
Robotics
Minsung Kim, Sehui Chang, Minsu Kim, Ji-Eun Yeo, Min Seok Kim, Gil Ju Lee, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Young Min Song
Summary: With the rise of mobile robotics, developing artificial vision for high-contrast and high-acuity imaging in vertically uneven illumination conditions has become crucial. Inspired by the cuttlefish eye, researchers have created an artificial vision system with a W-shaped pupil, a single ball lens, a flexible polarizer, and a cylindrical silicon photodiode array. This system allows for balancing uneven illumination and achieving high-contrast and high-acuity imaging.
Article
Optics
Do Hyeon Kim, Se-Yeon Heo, Yeon-Wha Oh, Sanghee Jung, Min Hyung Kang, Il-Suk Kang, Gil Ju Lee, Young Min Song
Summary: Passive radiative cooling is a promising energy-saving cooling technology that addresses global energy and climate crises. By introducing an infrared polarization valve as an energy-balancing channel, we propose a continuous temperature-regulation system that provides heating/cooling capabilities in all climate zones and saves energy. Outdoor experiments verify the reliability of our approach and suggest its applicability in residential buildings, farms, and electronic devices.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Youngmin Song, Jong Yu Song, Jae-Eul Shim, Dong Hyung Kim, Hee-Kyung Na, Eun-Ah You, Young-Geun Ha
Summary: This paper presents a highly effective and efficient electrode passivation method using a self-assembled multilayer (SAML) to achieve operational stability of electrolyte-gated transistor (EGT) biosensors. The SAML-passivated EGT biosensor works stably in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and exhibits ultrasensitive, quantitative, and reliable detection of Tau protein.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Han Hee Jung, Jeongdae Ha, Jeongrak Park, Seongtak Kang, Jinmo Kim, Han Na Jung, Samhwan Kim, Junwoo Yea, Hyeokjun Lee, Saehyuck Oh, Janghwan Jekal, Soojeong Song, Jieun Son, Tae Sang Yu, Youngjeon Lee, Jinyoung Won, Kyung Seob Lim, Yoon Kyeung Lee, Hohyun Keum, Taeyoon Lee, Young Min Song, Jae-Woong Jeong, Jong-Cheol Rah, Ji-Woong Choi, Sheng Xu, Yong-Seok Oh, Kyung-In Jang
Summary: This study proposes a multi-deformable double-sided dopamine-sensing probe with a three-electrode system for reliable real-time monitoring of dopamine dynamics. The probe achieves high sensitivity and selectivity through enzyme immobilization on 3D nanostructures on the working electrode. Experimental and computational analysis demonstrate the probe's ability to withstand deformation and successfully implant into rodent brains for real-time monitoring.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yun-Jo Lee, Jae Seon Yu, Young-Seok Kim, Young Min Song, Sun-Kyung Kim
Summary: We propose a photonic strategy for multidimensional structural coloration that responds to varying illumination conditions. Both theoretical and experimental results verified that the combination of a metal/dielectric/metal cavity with a one-dimensional (1D) metal grating can increase the degree of freedom of structural coloration. The distribution of electric field intensity obtained using rigorous coupled-wave analysis simulation identified multiple photonic bands in the p-polarization as various SPP-mediated hybrid modes.
CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jiwon Kang, Young Jin Yoo, Jin-Hwi Park, Joo Hwan Ko, Seungtaek Kim, Stefan G. Stanciu, Harald A. Stenmark, Jinah Lee, Abdullah Al Mahmud, Hae-Gon Jeon, Young Min Song
Summary: In this study, a novel biosensing approach called DeepGT is proposed, which combines deep learning algorithms with photonic resonators to enhance the accuracy of nanoscale bioparticle counting. This approach shows promise for early screening and triage of emerging viruses within the clinical spectrum of infection.
Review
Biophysics
Stefan G. Stanciu, Karsten Koenig, Young Min Song, Lior Wolf, Costas A. Charitidis, Paolo Bianchini, Martin Goetz
Summary: According to the World Health Organization, the percentage of the world's elderly population will double by 2050, leading to an increase in age-related diseases and putting tremendous pressure on global healthcare systems. Therefore, finding efficient ways to address age-related cancers is crucial. This article discusses endoscopic approaches for gastric cancer diagnostics and reviews progress in emerging technologies that can enhance gastrointestinal cancer diagnostics. The challenges and a possible configuration of a system capable of biomimetic endoscopic vision, label-free tissue characterization, and intelligently automated cancer diagnostics are also discussed.
BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS
(2023)
