Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bin Cheng, Xiu-Hao Deng, Xiu Gu, Yu He, Guangchong Hu, Peihao Huang, Jun Li, Ben-Chuan Lin, Dawei Lu, Yao Lu, Chudan Qiu, Hui Wang, Tao Xin, Shi Yu, Man-Hong Yung, Junkai Zeng, Song Zhang, Youpeng Zhong, Xinhua Peng, Franco Nori, Dapeng Yu
Summary: In the past decade, quantum computers have made remarkable progress and achieved key milestones towards universal fault-tolerant quantum computers. Quantum hardware has become more integrated and architectural, surpassing the fault-tolerant threshold in controlling various physical systems. Quantum computation research has embraced industrialization and commercialization, shaping a vibrant environment that accelerates the development of this field, now in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era.
FRONTIERS OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
D. Zhu, S. Johri, N. H. Nguyen, C. Huerta Alderete, K. A. Landsman, N. M. Linke, C. Monroe, A. Y. Matsuura
Summary: A disordered quantum system with interacting particles exhibits localized behavior when disorder is large compared to interaction strength. Spectral functions of local operators can survive noise and serve as a robust and scalable diagnostic of many-body localization. An error-mitigation technique on a trapped-ion quantum computer effectively removes noise from measurements, allowing clear localization signatures to emerge.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Kai Xu, Heng Fan
Summary: This article reviews the research progress on noisy multiqubit quantum computation and quantum simulation, focusing on multiqubit state generations, quantum computational advantage, and simulating physics of quantum many-body systems. The perspectives of near term noisy intermediate-quantum processors are also discussed.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yifan Zhou, Peng Zhang, Fei Feng
Summary: This paper presents a new NISQ-QEMTP methodology that overcomes the existing challenges in practical and scalable quantum computing for electromagnetic transient programs. It includes the design of shallow-depth quantum circuits for reducing noise on NISQ quantum devices, practical QEMTP linear solvers with executable quantum state preparation and measurements, a noise-resilient QEMTP algorithm, quantum shifted frequency analysis for faster computations, and a systematic analysis of QEMTP performance under various quantum environments. Extensive experiments confirm the effectiveness and noise-resilience of QEMTP on both noise-free simulators and IBM real quantum computers.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bitan De, Piotr Sierant, Jakub Zakrzewski
Summary: This study investigates the level statistics in the transition between delocalized and localized phases of many-body interacting systems. The single parameter analytic distribution introduced by Pechukas and Yukawa is numerically probed using Monte Carlo method. The resulting Pechukas-Yukawa distribution is found to compare favorably with the beta-Gaussian ensemble and slightly inferior to the two-parameter beta-h ansatz in reproducing level statistics of physical systems.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2021)
Review
Quantum Science & Technology
Meng Zhang, Chao Wang, Yongjian Han
Summary: Demonstrating quantum advantage on noisy quantum devices is a crucial task in quantum computing research. Random quantum circuit sampling has been proposed as the most promising approach and has achieved quantum advantage in experiments. However, the approximate average-case hardness and the impact of noise on practical experiments with noisy quantum devices still need to be investigated further. The competition between classical simulation algorithms (based on tensor network methods) and noisy quantum devices provides insight into quantum advantage in practice. This review provides an overview of the computational complexity arguments for the classical simulation hardness of random quantum circuit sampling and focuses on various methods of classical simulation based on tensor network methods.
ADVANCED QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Giovanni Acampora, Ferdinando Di Martino, Alfredo Massa, Roberto Schiattarella, Autilia Vitiello
Summary: This paper introduces the concept of Distributed Noisy-Intermediate Scale Quantum (D-NISQ) as a reference computational model to design innovative frameworks for quantum devices to interact and solve complex problems collaboratively. Through two case studies, a multi-threaded implementation of the D-NISQ model demonstrates greater reliability in solving problems through quantum computation.
INFORMATION FUSION
(2023)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Nelson Filipe Costa, Omar Yasser, Aidar Sultanov, Gheorghe Sorin Paraoanu
Summary: This study demonstrates that adaptive methods based on classical machine learning algorithms can enhance the precision of quantum phase estimation when using noisy non-entangled qubits as sensors. Using Differential Evolution and Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms, optimal feedback policies are identified to minimize the Holevo variance. Benchmarking against different scenarios, the robustness of these schemes in real experimental setups is evaluated.
EPJ QUANTUM TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Valero Shchesnovich
Summary: This research demonstrates the importance of noise in experiments showcasing quantum supremacy over classical simulations, and shows analytically and through numerical simulations that noisy boson sampling outputs can be efficiently distinguished from classical approximations. It also reveals that the critical parameter affecting the number of samples needed to differentiate between quantum and classical output distributions is the density of bosons, which exhibits characteristics of a quantum-to-classical transition in systems of identical particles.
Article
Optics
Kishor Bharti, Tobias Haug, Vlatko Vedral, Leong-Chuan Kwek
Summary: Semidefinite programs are widely used convex optimization problems with applications in various fields. Noisy intermediate-scale quantum algorithms aim to efficiently use current quantum hardware. We propose a NISQ algorithm for solving SDPs and provide numerical evidence of its improvements in estimating ground-state energies.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sayantan Dutta, Adrian Basarab, Bertrand Georgeot, Denis Kouame
Summary: The paper introduces a novel image denoising algorithm that exploits image-dependent basis and a concept similar to interaction in quantum mechanics to efficiently preserve the local structures of real images. The algorithm is versatile and can adapt to image-independent or image-dependent noise scenarios.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sayantan Dutta, Adrian Basarab, Bertrand Georgeot, Denis Kouame
Summary: This paper proposes a novel image denoising algorithm that exploits an image-dependent basis inspired by quantum mechanics. By formalizing similarity measures in local image neighborhoods through terms similar to interaction, the algorithm can effectively preserve the local structures of real images. The adaptive nature of the basis expands its application to image-independent or image-dependent noise scenarios.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
S. Moradi, C. Brandner, C. Spielvogel, D. Krajnc, S. Hillmich, R. Wille, W. Drexler, L. Papp
Summary: Quantum machine learning has made significant progress in recent years and shows promising performance on real clinical datasets. We propose two quantum machine learning algorithms and demonstrate their effectiveness through experiments. We also find that different algorithms have different advantages depending on the sample and feature counts.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
P. Ben-Abdallah, A. W. Rodriguez
Summary: This paper lays the theoretical foundations for actively controlling local thermal states in nonreciprocal systems, describing methods such as forcing system evolution following a prescribed law, insulating certain elements, and synchronizing their evolution during relaxation.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Quantum Science & Technology
Lin Jiao, Wei Wu, Si-Yuan Bai, Jun-Hong An
Summary: This paper provides a review of the principle, categories, and applications of quantum metrology. Attention is focused on achieving high precision measurements in the presence of noise, and the effects of noise-induced decoherence on quantum resources are discussed. The paper also explores methods for actively controlling the effects of noise in noisy quantum metrology.
ADVANCED QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
W. Dednam, C. Sabater, A. E. Botha, E. B. Lombardi, J. Fernandez-Rossier, M. J. Caturla
Summary: The spin and lattice dynamics of a ferromagnetic nanoparticle were studied using molecular dynamics and semi-classical spin dynamics simulations. It was found that the model conserves total angular momentum while spin and lattice angular momenta are not conserved. Simulations of the Einstein-de Haas effect for a Fe nanocluster showed that the rate of angular momentum transfer between spin and lattice is proportional to the strength of the magnetic anisotropy interaction.
COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
R. Ortiz, G. Catarina, J. Fernandez-Rossier
Summary: We present a unified theory for the electronic properties of a family of two-dimensional honeycomb lattices containing a pair of triangulenes with dimensions n(a),n(b). Our calculations reveal various half-filled narrow bands, including a graphene-like spectrum, spin-1 Dirac electrons, p(x,y)-orbital physics, and a gapped system with flat valence and conduction bands. These results can be rationalized with a class of effective Hamiltonians acting on the subspace of the zero-energy states.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
A. T. Costa, Mikhail I. Vasilevskiy, J. Fernandez-Rossier, Nuno M. R. Peres
Summary: This article investigates the challenges of forming hybrid plasmon-magnon polaritons in heterostructures and demonstrates the possibility of polaritons formed by graphene plasmons and magnons in two-dimensional ferromagnetic insulators.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
N. Krane, E. Turco, A. Bernhardt, D. Jacob, G. Gandus, D. Passerone, M. Luisier, M. Juricek, R. Fasel, J. Fernandez-Rossier, P. Ruffieux
Summary: In this study, we report the successful synthesis of Phenalenyl dimer through a combination of in-solution synthesis and on-surface activation, and characterize its properties using inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS). The results show significant renormalization of Phenalenyl due to exchange with Au(111) electrons and explain the position-dependent bias asymmetry and activation of kinetic interphenalenyl exchange. This study paves the way for the bottom-up synthesis of S = 1/2 spin-lattices with large exchange interactions.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bruno Murta, Pedro M. Q. Cruz, J. Fernandez-Rossier
Summary: We propose a method to initialize a class of important quantum spin wave functions, called valence-bond-solid (VBS) states, on a gate-based quantum computer, and find shallow quantum circuits for spin-1 and spin-3/2 VBS states in one-dimensional and honeycomb lattice. Although the proposed routine requires exponential repetition overhead for successful preparation of VBS states, we devise two strategies to reduce this overhead quadratically. This approach is expected to surpass conventional numerical methods and enable NISQ processors to explore the AKLT model and its variations in the near future.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. A. Rodriguez, S. S. Gomez, J. Fernandez-Rossier, A. Ferron
Summary: Electron-spin resonance carried out with scanning tunneling microscopes (ESR-STM) is a recently developed experimental technique that is attracting enormous interest on account of its potential to carry out single-spin on-surface resonance with subatomic resolution. In this theoretical study, we investigate the role of tip-adatom interactions in order to optimize spin resonance measurements. We provide guidelines for optimizing the tip-sample distance to cancel the effective magnetic field created by the tip on the surface spin, for reducing the voltage dependence of the surface-spin resonance frequency, and for inferring the detuning angle between the applied field and the tip magnetization.
Article
Optics
Diego Ruiz, Ronan Gautier, Jeremie Guillaud, Mazyar Mirrahimi
Summary: In this paper, we investigate the potential of Kerr nonlinear oscillators driven by a two-photon process to encode quantum information and achieve hardware-efficient scaling for fault-tolerant quantum computation. We find that the detuning of the two-photon drive with respect to the oscillator resonance plays a crucial role in the properties of the defined qubit. At specific detuning values, strong symmetries in the system lead to multiple degeneracies in the spectrum of the confinement Hamiltonian, resulting in a stronger suppression of bit-flip errors. We also demonstrate that combining such Hamiltonian confinement with colored dissipation can effectively suppress leakage outside of the bosonic code space.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. R. Losada, A. T. Costa, B. Biel, J. Fernandez-Rossier
Summary: This study investigates the indirect exchange interactions between localized spins of magnetic impurities in spin valley coupled systems using the Kane-Mele model. The research shows that perturbation theory works well even in nonperturbative regime and explores the effects of symmetry and crystallographic direction on the indirect exchange. They also explore the potential of using indirect exchange combined with atomic manipulation to engineer specific models.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. del Castillo, J. Fernandez-Rossier
Summary: In this paper, we propose a protocol to certify the existence of entanglement in artificial on-surface atomic and molecular spin arrays using electron spin resonance carried by scanning tunnel microscopy (ESR-STM). By combining ESR-STM with atomic manipulation, the spin susceptibilities of surface-spin arrays can be measured, enabling the certification of entanglement.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
G. Catarina, J. Fernandez-Rossier
Summary: This study provides numerical evidence that the Haldane phase for antiferromagnetic spin-1 chains can be realized using a Hubbard model at half filling. The noninteracting limit of the proposed model is found to describe a one-dimensional topological insulator, and it is conjectured to be adiabatically connected to the Haldane phase.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. T. Costa, M. Costa, J. Fernandez-Rossier
Summary: This study explores the spin anisotropy of paramagnons in 2H-NbSe2 monolayers and finds that they exhibit spatially uniform paramagnons with energies around 1 meV in the infinite wavelength limit. These paramagnons show a colossal off-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy and quenched transversal spin response. At finite wave vectors, XY fluctuations dominate within a significant portion of the Brillouin zone, indicating that 2H-NbSe2 is close to a Coulomb-driven in-plane spin density wave instability.
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Ronan Gautier, Alain Sarlette, Mazyar Mirrahimi
Summary: This study introduces a novel combined confinement scheme based on two-photon dissipation and two-photon exchange Hamiltonian to protect cat qubits, showcasing significantly improved gate performance and easy experimental implementation with minor modifications.
Article
Optics
Pedro M. Q. Cruz, J. Fernandez-Rossier
Summary: In this study, quantum circuits are proposed to test interferometric complementarity, with experiments conducted in two different setups to explore the balance between visibility and distinguishability. Despite good agreement with theory at a coarse level, small systematic deviations were identified, preventing the observation of full particlelike and wavelike statistics. These deviations were attributed to small coherent errors in the implementation of two-qubit gates, which hinder the observation of Bohr's strong formulation of complementarity.
