Review
Cell Biology
Mingyue Zheng, Guoxiang Jin, Zhongjun Zhou
Summary: Lamins, ancient intermediate filament proteins, are functionally regulated by post-translational modifications, contributing to various biological functions. Deregulation of lamins is associated with abnormal nuclear morphology and chromatin disorganization, leading to diseases. Understanding these modifications provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying diseases and potential therapeutic strategies.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Dimitrios Tsikas
Summary: Lysine residues in proteins undergo various chemical modifications, including carbonylation by glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO). Malondialdehyde (MDA) is another carbonyl species formed enzymatically and nonenzymatically. These carbonyl species can occur in free forms or be adducted to proteins, particularly lysine residues. MDA is commonly used as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation, with plasma and serum being the most frequently analyzed samples. However, preanalytical factors, such as artificial MDA formation in lipid-rich samples, can greatly affect MDA concentrations.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dan Wu, Tao Liu
Summary: Understanding post-translational modifications is crucial for manipulating physiological processes in eukaryotes. Genetic code expansion technology has been used to investigate the roles of these modifications, and can be combined with synthetic biology to create genetically modified organisms. This article discusses the applications, limitations, and future perspectives of genetic code expansion technology for studying post-translational modifications, as well as the implications for genetically modified organisms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sharon L. Campbell, Mark R. Philips
Summary: Mutations in RAS genes are the most common driving force behind cancer development. RAS proteins, acting as binary molecular switches, control cellular growth through a complex signaling pathway. In addition to nucleotide-binding properties, RAS proteins are also regulated by numerous post-translational modifications, which are currently a high priority for drug discovery research in the field of RAS biology.
CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Qibin Wu, Zhenxiang Li, Jingtao Yang, Fu Xu, Xueqin Fu, Liping Xu, Chuihuai You, Dongjiao Wang, Yachun Su, Youxiong Que
Summary: This study reports the first comprehensive analysis of protein lysine acetylation, 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation, and lysine lactylation in sugarcane. These post-translational modifications were found to be involved in energy metabolism and stress response. The results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of protein PTMs in sugarcane.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Ana Gonzalez-Garcia, Antonio Garrido, Ana C. Carrera
Summary: Genetic alterations in the PI3-kinase/PTEN pathway are common in cancer cells. Current efforts to treat PTEN-dependent tumors mainly focus on PI3-kinase inhibition, but modulating PTEN post-translational modifications could provide alternative therapeutic strategies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lynsay Blake, Martin J. Cann
Summary: Carbon dioxide plays a crucial role in various life processes, regulating cellular reactions, transport, maintenance, and behavior. Protein carbamate modification, mediated by carbon dioxide, is a mechanism that may alter protein function and participate in sensing and signaling.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min-Seon Hwang, Jingyeong Park, Yunha Ham, In Hye Lee, Kyung-Hee Chun
Summary: Adipocyte senescence, caused by factors like DNA damage, oxidative stress, telomere dysfunction, and chronic lipid accumulation, can disrupt metabolic homeostasis and lead to various diseases and aging. Understanding the role of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in the regulation of adipocyte senescence is crucial for developing effective strategies to combat metabolic diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yan Xu, Ze Lin, Lei He, Yanzhen Qu, Liu Ouyang, Yu Han, Chao Xu, Deyu Duan
Summary: This study found that PRP-Exos effectively promoted the in vitro proliferation, migration, and wound healing activity of HaCaT cells. USP15 was identified as a key mediator in promoting tissue repair both in vitro and in vivo, enhancing the functional properties of HaCaT cells by promoting EIF4A1 deubiquitination. Thus, PRP-Exos and USP15 are promising tools for enhancing wound healing through promoting epithelial regeneration.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2021)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Tong Zhou, Mingshu Wang, Anchun Cheng, Qiao Yang, Bin Tian, Ying Wu, Renyong Jia, Shun Chen, Mafeng Liu, Xin-Xin Zhao, Xuming Ou, Sai Mao, Di Sun, Shaqiu Zhang, Dekang Zhu, Juan Huang, Qun Gao, Yanling Yu, Ling Zhang
Summary: This article mainly describes the viral protein kinases and their mechanisms of regulating viral protein function through phosphorylation. The study of post-translational modification of viral proteins is of great significance for understanding viral infection mechanisms and developing antiviral treatment.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Xia, Songhong Jiang, Shiqi Dong, Yonghong Liao, Yang Zhou
Summary: Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to the production of active caspase-1, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and gasdermin D (GSDMD), resulting in pyroptosis and inflammation. Dysregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation is implicated in various diseases, making it a potential target for disease prevention and treatment. Recent studies have demonstrated that post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a crucial role in regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activity. This review focuses on PTMs of NLRP3 inflammasome components and their impact on its activity regulation, providing insights into the mechanisms underlying NLRP3 inflammasome activation and control.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Sony Shrestha, Amuza Byaruhanga Lucky, Awtum Marie Brashear, Xiaolian Li, Liwang Cui, Jun Miao
Summary: This study profiled the histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) in the development of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes, revealing novel PTM sites and distinct patterns from asexual stages. The results suggest that these PTMs play critical roles in gametocyte development and provide insights into the epigenetic regulation in the life cycle of the malaria parasite.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mabel Buelna-Chontal, Wylly R. Garcia-Nino, Alejandro Silva-Palacios, Cristina Enriquez-Cortina, Cecilia Zazueta
Summary: Post-translational modifications based on redox reactions play a crucial role in regulating signaling pathways in physiological and pathological conditions. These modifications are dependent on the generation of redox components, such as reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, and can impact protective signaling in reperfused hearts. Cardioprotective conditioning strategies have been shown to influence these changes at various subcellular levels, particularly in mitochondria. Additionally, potential redox-based therapeutic strategies against reperfusion damage are discussed.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Filippo Mori, Letizia Natali, Romano Danesi, Silvia Nannizzi, Claudio Farina
Summary: The study examined seven commercially available HSA preparations for clinical use and found differences in PTMs among different commercial albumins. Additionally, an increase in HSA-DA isoform and new oxidative modifications were observed in these samples at the end of the stability time.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Li Cao, Moshe Beiser, Joseph D. Koos, Margarita Orlova, Hader E. Elashal, Hendrik V. Schroder, A. James Link
Summary: Lasso peptides are a family of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides with a threaded structure. PIMT enzymes play a new role in the post-translational modification of lasso peptides, methylating and converting L-aspartate residues to provide rigidity to the lasso peptide ring.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Zhihua Qiao, Xiancheng Wang, Yiwen Deng, Qingfeng Li, Tao Zan, Yang Sun, Xiang Xiong, Xianxi Meng, Wenbo Li, Zhongjie Yi, Xiaofang Li, Borong Fang
Summary: This study suggests that combining tissue expansion with a perforator flap for large tissue reconstruction can be successful with limited complications.
FACIAL PLASTIC SURGERY & AESTHETIC MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Boxuan Wei, Jieyu Gu, Bowen Gao, Yongyang Bao, Ran Duan, Qingfeng Li, Feng Xie
Summary: This study discovered an association between dMMR and LGCMN. Diagnostic IHC showed that dMMR was present in 37% of giant CMNs, 23% of large CMNs, and 7% of medium CMNs. Regression analyses revealed significant associations between MMR status and CMN size and the presence of satellites. Whole-exome sequencing detected rare deleterious germline mutations in DNA repair genes.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pathology
Yuehua Li, Chengjiang Wei, Wei Wang, Qingfeng Li, Zhi-Chao Wang
Summary: Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), a transmembrane receptor protein encoded by the NTRK2 gene, plays a crucial role in neural development. Abnormal activation of TrkB caused by NTRK2 overexpression or fusion contributes to tumour initiation, progression, and therapeutic resistance in neurogenic tumours. Targeted therapies, including selective TrkB inhibitors and pan-TRK inhibitors, have been developed to target this mechanism in preclinical and clinical studies. This review provides an overview of the gene structure, biological function, abnormal TrkB activation mechanism, and current targeted therapies in neurogenic tumours.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yangdan Liu, Dongsheng Wen, Chiakang Ho, Li Yu, Danning Zheng, Steven O'Reilly, Ya Gao, Qingfeng Li, Yifan Zhang
Summary: Fibrosis, caused by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, is a common and serious condition leading to organ failure and death. Recent advances in epigenetics have provided new insights into the mechanism of fibrogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies for organ fibrosis.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Man-Hon Chung, Rehanguli Aimaier, Qingxiong Yu, Haibo Li, Yuehua Li, Chengjiang Wei, Yihui Gu, Wei Wang, Zizhen Guo, Manmei Long, Qingfeng Li, Zhichao Wang
Summary: RRM2 expression is significantly elevated in NF1-associated MPNST and high RRM2 expression correlates with poorer outcomes. Inhibition of RRM2 can suppress NF1-associated MPNST cell proliferation and promote apoptosis and S-phase arrest. Therefore, inhibiting RRM2 may be an effective strategy for treating NF1-associated MPNST.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shengzhou Shan, Qingfeng Li, Tracy Criswell, Anthony Atala, Yuanyuan Zhang
Summary: Sphincter dysfunction is a common consequence of neuromuscular impairment in tubule organs, resulting from trauma, inflammation, and aging. Conventional pharmacological treatments have limited success, prompting the exploration of cell- or growth factor-based therapies. However, challenges such as poor cell retention and viability, and the short half-life of growth factors have hindered clinical translation. Natural biomaterials offer a promising solution for controlled growth factor delivery, which has shown improved outcomes in sphincter function recovery. This review provides insights into the potential therapeutic role of stem cells combined with controlled release of growth factors, highlighting their use in preclinical studies as a new strategy to treat incontinence or sphincter dysfunction.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Wenzheng Xia, Yunhan Liu, Xingyu Jiang, Minxiong Li, Shengwu Zheng, Zewei Zhang, Xin Huang, Shenying Luo, Yimin Khoong, Meng Hou, Tao Zan
Summary: Chronic non-healing wounds in diabetes are associated with increased mortality. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) from lean donors can improve glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and modulate inflammation. ATMs secrete exosomes containing microRNAs (miRs), which regulate macrophage polarization and promote wound healing in diabetic mice.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Meixia Wang, Hongfei Mi, Na Li, Qingfeng Shi, Wei Sun, Tingjuan He, Jiabing Lin, Wenting Jin, Xiaodong Gao, Bijie Hu, Chenghao Su, Jue Pan
Summary: This study investigated the associations between overall comorbidity burden, inflammatory indicators in plasma, and Ct values in elderly COVID-19 patients. The results showed that patients with a high comorbidity burden had lower Ct values and higher inflammatory responses. Inflammation mediated the association between comorbidity burden and Ct values.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xingyu Jiang, Wenzheng Xia, Jiaxing Pan, Wenfang Yang, Shunan Zhang, Chunming Li, Tao Zan, Yi Lai, Zhiai Xu, Haijun Yu
Summary: Microneedle (MN)-mediated transdermal drug delivery has revolutionized cancer therapy by reducing systemic drug exposure, increasing drug concentration at the lesion site, and improving therapeutic efficacy. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in engineered MN-based transdermal drug delivery, including types of MNs and fabrication methods, their applications in tumor therapy, and potential biomedical applications in other diseases. Discussions on current limitations and future perspectives for clinical translation of engineered MNs in cancer therapy are also presented. This review is expected to promote and strengthen the development of engineered MNs for cancer therapy.
APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kang Wang, Dongsheng Wen, Xuewen Xu, Rui Zhao, Feipeng Jiang, Shengqin Yuan, Yifan Zhang, Ya Gao, Qingfeng Li
Summary: Skin fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), which plays a central role in providing structural support and creating a microenvironment for cellular activities. Recent studies have focused on the relationship between mechanical properties of ECM and the development of skin fibrosis, involving complex signaling pathways, activation of mechanosensitive proteins, and changes in immune regulation and metabolism. The stiffening of ECM during fibrosis disturbs mechanical and humoral homeostasis, forming a pro-fibrotic positive feedback loop. This review highlights the importance of ECM and its dynamic changes in skin fibrosis, particularly the role of mechanical cues in ECM remodeling. Various interventions targeting ECM are also discussed to provide new strategies for fibrotic diseases.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Surgery
Yi Min Khoong, Shenying Luo, Xin Huang, Minxiong Li, Shuchen Gu, Taoran Jiang, Hsin Liang, Yunhan Liu, Tao Zan
Summary: Continuing problems in plastic surgery training and education, along with the COVID-19 epidemic, have led to the search for alternative techniques like augmented reality (AR) to bridge the theory-practice gap. This article explores the current applications of AR in plastic surgery education and training, as well as the potential future advancements in this field.
JOURNAL OF PLASTIC RECONSTRUCTIVE AND AESTHETIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liang Zhu, Lechen Liu, Aoli Wang, Jinwen Liu, Xin Huang, Tao Zan
Summary: Dermal fibrosis is a global disease that affects millions of people and causes physical and psychological distress. Fibroblast dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of dermal fibrosis, leading to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. The positive feedback loop of fibroblast activation further worsens the condition. This review focuses on understanding the mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets to break this cycle.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Minxiong Li, Wenzheng Xia, Yi Min Khoong, Lujia Huang, Xin Huang, Hsin Liang, Yun Zhao, Jiayi Mao, Haijun Yu, Tao Zan
Summary: The global increase in cutaneous wounds has a significant impact on patients and society in terms of health and finances. Conventional wound dressings are not ideal due to the complexity of the wound healing process. Smart wound dressings, which can respond to changes in wound conditions, have been proposed as effective platforms for promoting wound healing. This review provides an overview of the wound healing process, existing biomaterials, mechanisms of smart responsive materials, recent advances in versatile materials for cutaneous wound healing, and the clinical progress, challenges, and future perspectives of smart wound dressings. The review aims to advance the development of smart responsive materials for wound healing and drive clinical translation.
BIOMATERIALS RESEARCH
(2023)
