Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuki Takahashi, Yoshinobu Takakura
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane vesicles composed of a lipid bilayer that contain biological molecules. They function as intercellular communication tools and have potential as therapeutic targets for various diseases. However, an EV-based drug delivery system utilizing their therapeutic properties has not yet been reported.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hee Byung Koh, Hyo Jeong Kim, Shin-Wook Kang, Tae-Hyun Yoo
Summary: Exosome-based drug delivery is a promising field that could revolutionize therapeutic interventions. These small extracellular vesicles have unique properties and can transport bioactive molecules. Despite challenges such as limited isolation methods and low cargo loading efficiency, exosomes have the potential to improve personalized medicine and precision therapy.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
O. G. Davies, S. Williams, K. Goldie
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid enveloped nanoparticles that function in the intercellular transfer of biological material, playing a role in regenerative processes such as tissue repair. EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) have shown potent effects on extracellular matrix turnover, cell recruitment, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Clinical trials have assessed the safety of MSC-EVs for wound healing and cosmetic applications. However, challenges related to standardization, potency, and regulation must be addressed to ensure safe and effective clinical adoption of regenerative EV therapeutics.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Wen-Zhao Liu, Zhan-Jun Ma, Xue-Wen Kang
Summary: This review analyzes the progress in exosomal isolation strategies and proposes views on the development prospects of various exosomal isolation techniques.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andres Martinez-Santillan, Jose Gonzalez-Valdez
Summary: This review summarizes the current advances in overcoming the limitations of exosomes in terms of production capacity and therapeutic effects. Strategies for extracting exosomes and exosome-like nanovesicles from novel eukaryotic sources, including animals, plants, and protozoa, are discussed. Additionally, alternative modification methods to enhance the targeting capacity and protection of exosomes are presented. Although these strategies provide potential solutions, there are still unresolved issues that need to be addressed, which are also discussed in this work.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xinting Feng, Zhen Peng, Lingyi Yuan, Ming Jin, Haijian Hu, Xin Peng, Yaohua Wang, Chun Zhang, Zhiwen Luo, Hongfei Liao
Summary: This article summarizes the genesis mechanism, biological functions, research and application progress of exosomes, with a focus on the engineering strategy of exosomes and the advantages and disadvantages of common engineering exosome preparation methods. It systematically explores the role of exosomes in corneal diseases, glaucoma, and retinal diseases, providing a reference for understanding the role of exosomes in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of ocular diseases. Furthermore, it summarizes the opportunities and challenges of exosomes for precision medicine. The extension of exosome research to ophthalmology can advance current diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Tiny exosomes have huge potential.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Siew Ling Ong, Cherie Blenkiron, Stephen Haines, Alejandra Acevedo-Fani, Juliana A. S. Leite, Janos Zempleni, Rachel C. Anderson, Mark J. McCann
Summary: The article discusses the potential impact of extracellular particles in milk on infant nutrition quality and biological effects, emphasizing that these particles in different types of milk may have important and distinct biological properties that warrant further study.
Review
Cell Biology
Yvonne Couch, Edit I. Buzas, Dolores Di Vizio, Yong Song Gho, Paul Harrison, Andrew F. Hill, Jan Lotvall, Graca Raposo, Philip D. Stahl, Clotilde Thery, Kenneth W. Witwer, David R. F. Carter
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small cargo-bearing vesicles released by cells into the extracellular space, serving as a complex cell-to-cell communication mechanism that transfers functional cargo and influences biological processes, with deregulation in disease. The field of EVs has grown exponentially over the past two decades with an organized community, but still faces key challenges.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xinlei Li, Ruju Chen, Sherri Kemper, David R. Brigstock
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-limited nanoparticles containing a complex molecular payload that can be taken up by other cells. This study found that fibronectin (FN1) is a component of hepatocyte-derived EVs facilitating their uptake by target cells, but it is not essential for EV-mediated anti-fibrotic activity in vivo.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Wen-Hsuan Chang, Thuy-Tien Thi Nguyen, Chia-Hsin Hsu, Kirsten L. Bryant, Hong Jin Kim, Haoqiang Ying, Jon W. Erickson, Channing J. Der, Richard A. Cerione, Marc A. Antonyak
Summary: KRAS mutations lead to the production of exosomes enriched with the cell survival protein Survivin, which enhance cancer cell survival and resistance to chemotherapy drugs. Targeting Survivin within these exosomes could potentially serve as a therapeutic strategy for KRAS-dependent cancers.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoyuan Huang, Yanhua Lan, Jiahui Shen, Zhuo Chen, Zhijian Xie
Summary: This comprehensive review explores the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in bone homeostasis and diseases. It highlights the impact of EVs derived from monocyte-macrophage (MC-M??) on osteogenesis and the regulatory effects of EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cell-osteoblast (MSC-OB) on monocyte-macrophage differentiation, recruitment, and efferocytosis. The review also discusses the crucial role of EVs in mediating communication between these cell lineages in common bone diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Faezeh Shekari, Morteza Abyadeh, Anna Meyfour, Mehdi Mirzaei, Nitin Chitranshi, Vivek Gupta, Stuart L. Graham, Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
Summary: A large number of people around the world suffer from visual impairment, and the available therapies focus on preventing the progression of eye disorders. This review explores the potential of using extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a regenerative therapy for eye-related complications. The review examines the current knowledge about EVs and their therapeutic applications, as well as the challenges in translating EV-based therapy into clinical settings.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyosuk Kim, Eun Hye Kim, Gijung Kwak, Sung-Gil Chi, Sun Hwa Kim, Yoosoo Yang
Summary: Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by cells that can mediate intercellular communication and serve as promising drug delivery vehicles due to their stability, biocompatibility, and targeting abilities. They can carry therapeutic signaling molecules from specific cell types, impacting cancer treatment significantly.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Geovanny Genaro Reivan Ortiz, Neelam Hazoor Zaidi, Ravinder S. Saini, Andres Alexis Ramirez Coronel, Tahani Alsandook, Methaq Hadi Lafta, Jose Luis Arias-Gonzales, Ali H. Amin, Renato R. Maaliw III
Summary: Autoimmune diseases are chronic inflammatory conditions caused by the loss of immunological tolerance. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) have immunomodulatory functions and show therapeutic potential for autoimmune diseases.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer Cable, Kenneth W. Witwer, Robert J. Coffey, Aleksandar Milosavljevic, Ariana K. von Lersner, Lizandra Jimenez, Ferdinando Pucci, Maureen M. Barr, Niek Dekker, Bahnisikha Barman, Daniel Humphrys, Justin Williams, Michele de Palma, Wei Guo, Nuno Bastos, Andrew F. Hill, Efrat Levy, Michael P. Hantak, Clair Crewe, Elena Aikawa, Alan M. Adamczyk, Tamires M. Zanotto, Matias Ostrowski, Tanina Arab, Daniel C. Rabe, Aadil Sheikh, Danilo Rodrigues da Silva, Jennifer C. Jones, Chioma Okeoma, Thomas Gaborski, Qin Zhang, Olesia Gololobova
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles released by cells that carry important biomolecules and can act as messengers to coordinate tissue homeostasis and systemic responses. EVs are of growing interest for their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and drug-delivery vehicles. Researchers gathered at the Keystone symposium to discuss standardized language and methodology, new data on EV biology and clinical utility, and novel technologies for EV isolation and characterization.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Laura Le Gall, William J. Duddy, Cecile Martinat, Virginie Mariot, Owen Connolly, Vanessa Milla, Ekene Anakor, Zamalou G. Ouandaogo, Stephanie Millecamps, Jeanne Laine, Udaya Geetha Vijayakumar, Susan Knoblach, Cedric Raoul, Olivier Lucas, Jean Philippe Loeffler, Peter Bede, Anthony Behin, Helene Blasco, Gaelle Bruneteau, Maria Del Mar Amador, David Devos, Alexandre Henriques, Adele Hesters, Lucette Lacomblez, Pascal Laforet, Timothee Langlet, Pascal Leblanc, Nadine Le Forestier, Thierry Maisonobe, Vincent Meininger, Laura Robelin, Francois Salachas, Tanya Stojkovic, Giorgia Querin, Julie Dumonceaux, Gillian Butler Browne, Jose-Luis Gonzalez De Aguilar, Stephanie Duguez, Pierre Francois Pradat
Summary: Muscle vesicles may be a potential source of vesicle-mediated toxicity in ALS, as they are shown to be toxic to MNs.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ekene Anakor, Vanessa Milla, Owen Connolly, Cecile Martinat, Pierre Francois Pradat, Julie Dumonceaux, William Duddy, Stephanie Duguez
Summary: Extracellular vesicles play a crucial role in intercellular communication and their study in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is important. The smaller exosome-like vesicles from ALS patients have negative effects on motor neurons, astrocytes, and myotubes, while vesicles from healthy subjects or larger vesicles from ALS or healthy subjects do not exhibit such effects.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alexandrine Mahoudeau, Celine Anquetil, Nozomu Tawara, Hossein Khademian, Damien Amelin, Lois Bolko, Marco Silvestro, Julian Dal Cin, Berenice Tendrel, Virginie Tardif, Kuberaka Mariampillai, Gillian Butler-Browne, Olivier Benveniste, Yves Allenbach
Summary: This study found that myostatin protein and RNA levels are decreased in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), and the protein levels correlate with disease activity. In inactive patients with antisynthetase syndrome (ASyS) and dermatomyositis (DM), myostatin levels are higher than in active patients. However, in immune-mediated necrotising myopathies (IMNM), myostatin levels do not significantly increase after disease remission, suggesting a new pathological mechanism in IMNM patients.
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Gavin McCluskey, Colette Donaghy, Karen E. Morrison, John McConville, William Duddy, Stephanie Duguez
Summary: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Spinal Bulbar Muscular Atrophy (SBMA), and Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) are motor neuron diseases characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration, weakness, and muscular atrophy. Lipid dysregulation, particularly in sphingolipid metabolism, plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of these diseases. Several studies have shown that sphingomyelin (SM) and ceramide levels are elevated in ALS patients and correlated with clinical progression, suggesting their potential as biomarkers. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting sphingolipid metabolism are also discussed.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Laura Muraine, Mona Bensalah, Gillian Butler -Browne, Anne Bigot, Capucine Trollet, Vincent Mouly, Elisa Negroni
Summary: Fibrosis, the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, occurs in many muscle disorders and interferes with muscle regeneration and gene therapies. Slowing down or reversing fibrosis is crucial for maintaining muscle function. Various therapeutic compounds targeting fibrogenic signals have been tested in muscle diseases, particularly in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. This review provides an overview of pharmacotherapies tested to reduce fibrosis in skeletal muscle.
CURRENT OPINION IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alexis Boulinguiez, Fany Roth, Hadidja Rose Mouigni, Gillian Butler-Browne, Vincent Mouly, Capucine Trollet
Summary: This study focuses on the basic research of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD), which is a disease caused by trinucleotide expansions. The presence of aggregates within muscle fiber nuclei is believed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of OPMD. Understanding their composition and deleterious effects can lead to new therapeutic approaches.
M S-MEDECINE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Vasileios L. Zogopoulos, Apostolos Malatras, Konstantinos Kyriakidis, Chrysanthi Charalampous, Evanthia A. Makrygianni, Stephanie Duguez, Marianna A. Koutsi, Marialena Pouliou, Christos Vasileiou, William J. Duddy, Marios Agelopoulos, George P. Chrousos, Vassiliki A. Iconomidou, Ioannis Michalopoulos
Summary: HGCA2.0 is a webtool that studies the global coexpression of human genes. It analyzes a large-scale dataset of healthy individuals' RNA samples and presents coexpressed subclades to the gene of interest, providing various enrichments analysis on gene ontologies, biological pathways, protein families, and diseases, as well as revealing enriched transcription factors. It has been successful in identifying genes with ubiquitous and tissue-specific expression patterns.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ekene Anakor, William John Duddy, Stephanie Duguez
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a disease that affects the upper and lower motor neurons. It has been found that the disease not only affects motor neurons, but also other tissues and cell types, leading to metabolic dysfunctions, impaired proteostasis, deficits in muscle regeneration and RNA metabolism. Skeletal muscle is considered an important contributor to the occurrence and progression of the disease, acting as a secretory organ and affecting the skeletal muscle secretome, which can have consequences for neuronal function and survival.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biology
Gavin McCluskey, Karen E. Morrison, Colette Donaghy, Frederique Rene, William Duddy, Stephanie Duguez
Summary: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with complex pathogenesis involving disruption of multiple pathways. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanoscopic membrane-bound particles, play a crucial role in intercellular communication, and their involvement in ALS pathogenesis is increasingly recognized.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christina Vasilopoulou, Sarah L. L. McDaid-McCloskey, Gavin McCluskey, Stephanie Duguez, Andrew P. P. Morris, William Duddy
Summary: This study aimed to identify and explore biological pathways and other gene sets associated with ALS using genomic data from the dbGaP repository. A large ALS-control cohort of European descent was assembled, and gene-set analysis revealed statistically significant associations with gene sets related to immune response, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, neuron differentiation, muscle cell function, synaptic plasticity, and development. Novel interactions between gene sets were also observed, suggesting mechanistic overlaps.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Gavin McCluskey, Karen E. Morrison, Colette Donaghy, John McConville, Mark O. McCarron, Ferghal McVerry, William Duddy, Stephanie Duguez
Summary: This study evaluates the concentrations of serum neurofilament light (NFL) and neurofilament heavy (NFH) chain in various neurological diseases and finds that NFL can be used to differentiate these conditions and predict the progression of ALS.