Article
Virology
Yuichiro Hirata, Harutaka Katano, Shun Iida, Sohtaro Mine, Sayaka Nagasawa, Yohsuke Makino, Ayumi Motomura, Seiya Ozono, Yuko Sato, Tsuyoshi Sekizuka, Makoto Kuroda, Rutsuko Yamaguchi, Go Inokuchi, Suguru Torimitsu, Shinji Akitomi, Daisuke Yajima, Hisako Saitoh, Tadaki Suzuki, Hirotaro Iwase
Summary: This study conducted genomic analyses of SARS-CoV-2 in 18 forensic autopsy cases and identified the distribution of the virus primarily in the respiratory organs. In one case of death due to COVID-19, intrahost genomic diversity of the virus was found. The study suggests the feasibility of genomic analysis in forensic autopsy cases and the potential for uncovering important information in COVID-19 deaths.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Denis C. Bauer, Alejandro Metke-Jimenez, Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, Suma Tiruvayipati, Laurence O. W. Wilson, Yatish Jain, Amandine Perrin, Kate Ebrill, David P. Hansen, Seshadri S. Vasan
Summary: The study highlights the importance of linking clinical outcomes to SARS-CoV-2 virus strains in understanding COVID-19. By implementing FHIR standards and using ontology-based questionnaires, data collection and analysis can be optimized. Furthermore, emphasizing detailed symptoms and medical history in clinical health data acquisition could enhance the data-driven understanding of the virus.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Dan H. Barouch
Summary: This article reviews the protective effects of vaccination and prior infection on severe Covid-19, and proposes future research directions.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qin Liu, Qi Su, Fen Zhang, Hein M. Tun, Joyce Wing Yan Mak, Grace Chung-Yan Lui, Susanna So Shan Ng, Jessica Y. L. Ching, Amy Li, Wenqi Lu, Chenyu Liu, Chun Pan Cheung, David S. C. Hui, Paul K. S. Chan, Francis Ka Leung Chan, Siew C. Ng
Summary: By integrating clinical features and multi-omics data, the authors identified specific gut microbiome patterns associated with disease severity and development of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. These findings highlight the potential utility of host phenotype and multi-kingdom microbiota profiling as a prognostic tool for patients with COVID-19.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Manon Ragonnet-Cronin, Olivia Boyd, Lily Geidelberg, David Jorgensen, Fabricia F. Nascimento, Igor Siveroni, Robert A. Johnson, Marc Baguelin, Zulma M. Cucunuba, Elita Jauneikaite, Swapnil Mishra, Oliver J. Watson, Neil Ferguson, Anne Cori, Christl A. Donnelly, Erik Volz
Summary: The study indicates that early implementation of strong non-pharmaceutical interventions can reduce COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. The time elapsed between epidemic origin and intervention is associated with epidemic severity and explains part of the variance in reported deaths. Delay in implementing interventions resulted in more severe epidemics.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Rustom Antia, M. Elizabeth Halloran
Summary: The article discusses the basic concepts underlying the transition from an epidemic to an endemic state, as well as the implications of this transition for COVID-19.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marcia C. Castro, Sun Kim, Lorena Barberia, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Susie Gurzenda, Karina Braga Ribeiro, Erin Abbott, Jeffrey Blossom, Beatriz Rache, Burton H. Singer
Summary: The study found that COVID-19 in Brazil is spreading rapidly across municipalities with distinct spatial and temporal patterns of clustering, trajectories, and speed. Analysis shows that inadequate policy measures have led to high transmission and mortality burdens. The current surge in cases and deaths, along with the circulation of concerning variants, highlights the need for government to strengthen prevention and control measures.
Letter
Immunology
Bode Shobayo, Mitali Mishra, Stephen Sameroff, Alexandra Petrosov, James Ng, Alper Gokden, Jane MaCauley, Komal Jain, Courtney Renken, James Tanu Duworko, Moses Badio, Wilhemina Jallah, Lisa Hensley, Thomas Briese, W. Ian Lipkin, Nischay Mishra
Summary: In June 2021, a surge of SARS-CoV-2 cases, particularly the Delta variant, was observed in Liberia. Genetic sequencing of the virus from patients hospitalized between March and July 2021 revealed that the Delta variant was present in Liberia as early as March and became dominant by June, with evidence of multiple introductions.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Mrak, Daniela Sieghart, Elisabeth Simader, Selma Tobudic, Helga Radner, Peter Mandl, Lisa Goeschl, Maximilian Koblischke, Nikolaus Hommer, Angelika Wagner, Margareta Mayer, Lorenz Schubert, Lukas Hartl, Karin Kozbial, Philipp Hofer, Felix Kartnig, Thomas Hummel, Andreas Kerschbaumer, Thomas Deimel, Antonia Puchner, Venugopal Gudipati, Renate Thalhammer, Petra Munda, Keziban Uyanik-Uenal, Andreas Zuckermann, Gottfried Novacek, Thomas Reiberger, Erika Garner-Spitzer, Roman Reindl-Schwaighofer, Renate Kain, Stefan Winkler, Josef S. Smolen, Karin Stiasny, Gottfried F. Fischer, Thomas Perkmann, Helmuth Haslacher, Markus Zeitlinger, Ursula Wiedermann, Judith H. Aberle, Daniel Aletaha, Leonhard X. Heinz, Michael Bonelli
Summary: Optimizing COVID-19 vaccination strategies for immunosuppressed patients is crucial. In this clinical trial, a homologous mRNA booster vaccine showed higher seroconversion rate compared to a switch to a vector-based vaccine for non-seroconverted immunosuppressed patients. The study highlights the importance of booster vaccination and supports the use of homologous mRNA booster vaccine in this vulnerable group.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sazada Siddiqui, Heba Waheeb Saeed Alhamdi, Huda Ahmed Alghamdi
Summary: COVID-19 is highly contagious and has caused major disruptions around the world. Prevention is crucial through measures such as self-isolation and vaccination.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
William R. Morgenlander, Stephanie N. Henson, Daniel R. Monaco, Athena Chen, Kirsten Littlefield, Evan M. Bloch, Eric Fujimura, Ingo Ruczinski, Andrew R. Crowley, Harini Natarajan, Savannah E. Butler, Joshua A. Weiner, Mamie Z. Li, Tania S. Bonny, Sarah E. Benner, Ashwin Balagopal, David Sullivan, Shmuel Shoham, Thomas C. Quinn, Susan H. Eshleman, Arturo Casadevall, Andrew D. Redd, Oliver Laeyendecker, Margaret E. Ackerman, Andrew Pekosz, Stephen J. Elledge, Matthew Robinson, Aaron A. R. Tobian, H. Benjamin Larman
Summary: This study found strong correlation between the functionality of COVID-19 convalescent plasma and polyclonal antibody targeting of specific peptides in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Antibody responses to specific coronaviruses correlated with the development of highly neutralizing antibodies against CoV-2. Plasma donations reactive to the CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain had higher neutralizing titers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Diego Real de Asua, Miguel A. Mayer, Maria del Carmen Ortega, Jose M. Borrel, Teresa de Jesus Bermejo, Domingo Gonzalez-Lamuno, Coral Manso, Fernando Moldenhauer, Maria Carmona-Iragui, Anke Huls, Stephanie L. Sherman, Andre Strydom, Rafael de la Torre, Mara Dierssen
Summary: This study found that individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have a higher in-hospital mortality rate when they have COVID-19 compared to non-COVID-19 pneumonias, especially among adults over 40 and those with specific comorbidities. The rate of admission to an ICU for DS patients with COVID-19 was significantly lower than that reported for the general population with COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Md Marufur Rahman, Shirmin Bintay Kader, S. M. Shahriar Rizvi
Summary: Scientists worldwide are tracking real-time genomic changes of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in an attempt to understand its pathogenesis, evolution, and epidemiology. The most prevalent mutation, C>T nucleotide change, may result from selective mutation pressure to reduce CpG sites and evade host immune response.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adriana Tami, Bernardina T. F. van der Gun, Karin Wold, Maria F. Vincenti-Gonzalez, Alida C. M. Veloo, Marjolein Knoester, Valerie P. R. Harmsma, Gerolf C. de Boer, Anke L. W. Huckriede, Daniele Pantano, Lilli Gard, Izabela A. Rodenhuis-Zybert, Vinit Upasani, Jolanda Smit, Akkelies E. Dijkstra, Jacco J. de Haan, Jip M. van Elst, Jossy van den Boogaard, Shennae O'Boyle, Luis Nacul, Hubert G. M. Niesters, Alex W. Friedrich
Summary: The COVID HOME study aims to understand the role of non-hospitalised COVID-19 patients and their household members in disease transmission, in order to guide patient care and inform infection prevention guidelines.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zeli Zhang, Jose Mateus, Camila H. Coelho, Jennifer M. Dan, Carolyn Rydyznski Moderbacher, Rosa Isela Galvez, Fernanda H. Cortes, Alba Grifoni, Alison Tarke, James Chang, E. Alexandar Escarrega, Christina Kim, Benjamin Goodwin, Nathaniel Bloom, April Frazier, Daniela Weiskopf, Alessandro Sette, Shane Crotty
Summary: Multiple COVID-19 vaccines have successfully protected against symptomatic cases and deaths. Comparisons of T cell, B cell, and antibody responses to different vaccines can provide insights into protective immunity against COVID-19, particularly immune memory. mRNA vaccines and Ad26.COV2.S induced strong T cell responses, while mRNA vaccines showed substantial declines in antibodies.
Article
Virology
A. S. M. Rubayet Ul Alam, Ovinu Kibria Islam, Md Shazid Hasan, Mir Raihanul Islam, Shafi Mahmud, Hassan M. Al-Emran, Iqbal Kabir Jahid, Keith A. Crandall, M. Anwar Hossain
Summary: This study examines how mutations in various branches of SARS-CoV-2 affect virus replication and transmission fitness, proposing a hypothetical model and demonstrating how certain key mutations impact viral infectivity and stability. The co-occurring mutations in different branches may have different effects on viral replication, requiring further research to understand the detailed molecular events.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hassan M. Al-Emran, Md. Shazid Hasan, Md. AliAhasan Setu, M. Shaminur Rahman, A. S. M. Rubayet Ul Alam, Shovon Lal Sarkar, Md. Tanvir Islam, Mir Raihanul Islam, Mohammad Mahfuzu Rahman, Ovinu Kibria Islam, Iqbal Kabir Jahid, M. Anwar Hossain
Summary: This study found that in Bangladesh, although ChAdOx1 vaccine has been administered, a single dose cannot fully prevent new infection or severe COVID-19 outcomes, which are mainly caused by the B.1.351 variant.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Mehedi Mahmudul Hasan, M. Nazmul Hoque, Firoz Ahmed, Md. Inja-Mamun Haque, Munawar Sultana, M. Anwar Hossain
Summary: This study investigated the occurrence and virulence of White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) in different farming areas of Bangladesh. The prevalence of WSSV in shrimps and crabs varied significantly between study areas and study periods. The study also found that a single amino acid substitution in the VP28 gene could affect the virulence properties of WSSV, including mortality rate and viral load in artificially infected shrimps.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mizanur Rahman, M. Abdullah-Al-Mamun, Mst Sathi Khatun, Abu Shamim Khan, Omar Sadi Sarkar, Ovinu Kibria Islam, Najmuj Sakib, Md Shazid Hasan, Md Tanvir Islam
Summary: This study conducted a health risk assessment on the basis of selected heavy metal and metalloid contamination in an integrated chicken-fish farm in Bangladesh. The findings showed that fishes and chicken in this farm were contaminated with elements exceeding permissible limits, posing health risks. It is recommended to investigate possible sources of heavy metals and regularly monitor groundwater to reduce the burden.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shovon Lal Sarkar, A. S. M. Rubayet Ul Alam, Prosanto Kumar Das, Md Hasan Ali Pramanik, Hassan M. Al-Emran, Iqbal Kabir Jahid, M. Anwar Hossain
Summary: A simple and cost-effective alternative diagnostic method for COVID-19 was developed based on melting curve analysis. Compared to commercial kits, this method shows high specificity and sensitivity, with lower cost.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Hassan M. Al-Emran, Shaminur Rahman, Md Shazid Hasan, Rubayet Ul Alam, Ovinu Kibria Islam, Ajwad Anwar, Md Iqbal K. Jahid, Anwar Hossain
Summary: This study compares the nasopharyngeal microbiome of COVID-19-infected diabetic and nondiabetic patients, and finds a link between dysbiosis of bacterial community in diabetic patients and severe consequences.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Md Anwar Hossain, Shahana Sultana, Md Rezwan Siddiqui
Summary: This study investigated the effects of urban development on land surface temperature (LST) in Dhaka city. The study found that LST is higher in built-up areas, especially in informally developed areas and mixed-use areas. Population density, building density, and slum concentrations also have a significant impact on the spatial variation of LST. The study suggests that planned development with vegetation and water bodies can reduce LST in Dhaka.
ENVIRONMENT AND URBANIZATION ASIA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Nazmul Hoque, M. Shaminur Rahman, Md. Murshed Hasan Sarkar, Md Ahashan Habib, Shahina Akter, Tanjina Akhtar Banu, Barna Goswami, Iffat Jahan, M. Anwar M. Hossain, M. Salim M. Khan, Tofazzal M. Islam
Summary: This study aimed to assess the changes in the abundance and diversity of resident mycobiome in the nasopharyngeal tract (NT) of humans due to SARS-CoV-2 infections. The study found that SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly increased the population and diversity of fungi in the NT, including a high proportion of opportunistic pathogens. The composition of the nasal mycobiota differed between COVID-19 patients, recovered individuals, and healthy controls.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ovinu Kibria Islam, Israt Islam, Otun Saha, Md. Mizanur Rahaman, Munawar Sultana, Dirk P. Bockmuehl, M. Anwar Hossain
Summary: The resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antimicrobials and its virulence is due to the multifactorial nature of biofilm development and genomic variabilities. Extensive research on genetic determinants is required to inhibit the formation of biofilms or disrupt already formed ones. A study on 20 multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa revealed their varying abilities to form biofilms, with some strains showing strong, moderate, or weak biofilm-forming tendencies. Genome sequencing of representative strains showed that most biofilm-related genes had high sequence identity with the reference strain PAO1. However, variations in the sequences and structures of pel operon proteins were found to affect the biofilm phenotypes of certain strains. The findings highlight the importance of studying genomic divergence in P. aeruginosa strains to better understand and combat biofilm formation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. Shaminur Rahman, M. Nazmul Hoque, Susmita Roy Chowdhury, Md. Moradul Siddique, Ovinu Kibria Islam, Syed Md. Galib, Md. Tanvir Islam, M. Anwar Hossain
Summary: This study investigated the SARS-CoV-2 variants, their temporal dynamics, infection rate (IFR), and case fatality rate (CFR) in Bangladesh by analyzing published genomes. The Delta variant was found to be the most predominant followed by Omicron, Beta, Alpha, Eta, and Gamma variants. The overall IFR and CFR from circulating variants were 13.59% and 1.45%, respectively. The study emphasizes the importance of genomic surveillance in monitoring variants of concern and implementing public health measures to control the spread of the virus.
HEALTH SCIENCE REPORTS
(2023)