Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zoufang Huang, Jiangbo Xie
Summary: The case report describes a 14-year-old patient with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis receiving treatment with ruxolitinib and the HLH-94 protocol. While some clinical and laboratory indices improved, vital signs such as respiratory function and consciousness did not show improvement.
Article
Hematology
Hannes Vietzen, Philippe L. Furlano, Jan J. Cornelissen, Georg A. Boehmig, Peter Jaksch, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stoeckl
Summary: This study found that nonclassic human leukocyte antigen E (HLA-E)-restricted immune responses have a significant impact on the development of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) diseases in the individual host. The highly expressed HLA-E*0103/0103 genotype is protective against infectious mononucleosis (IM) by inducing potent EBV BZLF1-specific HLA-E-restricted CD8(+) T-cell responses. Variations in the inhibitory NKG2A/LMP-1/HLA-E axis are associated with the risk of symptomatic EBV reactivations in both immunocompetent individuals and immunocompromised transplant recipients.
Article
Oncology
Ziyuan Shen, Lingling Hu, Mingkang Yao, Chenlu He, Qinhua Liu, Fei Wang, Weiying Gu, Ying Wang, Manyu Dong, Taigang Zhu, Ting Yin, Fei Li, Yingliang Jin, Shuiping Huang, Hao Zhang, Wei Sang
Summary: A retrospective multicenter study of 454 lymphoma patients found that elevated EBV DNA load can affect the prognosis of NKTL, FL, and DLBCL. The integration of EBER status and EBV DNA can differentiate the prognosis of HL patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Linlin Zhang, Mengjia Liu, Meng Zhang, Junhong Ai, Jiao Tian, Ran Wang, Zhengde Xie
Summary: Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an acute syndrome associated with primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The exact pathogenic mechanism of IM remains unclear and there is currently no effective treatment. B cells and NK cells play important roles in IM, while the balance between CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells is crucial for lifelong control of the disease. Transcriptome sequencing of different cell populations involved in IM can help understand their functions and pathogenic mechanisms.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hui-Chan He, Rui Han, Bo-Heng Xu, Chan Huang, Min-Min Li, Cai-Yun He, Wen-Qian Lin
Summary: This study found that EBV infection is associated with hepatic impairment and immune response in patients with gastric cancer. Circulating cell-free EBV DNA is not only a biomarker for screening an EBV-related subtype of gastric cancer but also an independent prognostic factor for long-term survival benefits in gastric cancer patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Caiyan Zhang, Tingyan Liu, Yixue Wang, Weiming Chen, Jing Liu, Jinhao Tao, Zhengzheng Zhang, Xuemei Zhu, Zhenyu Zhang, Meixiu Ming, Mingbang Wang, Guoping Lu, Gangfeng Yan
Summary: This study used mNGS to characterize the microbiome of BALF in children with severe pneumonia and identified potentially pathogenic microorganisms. The study found that bacterial combined with viral or fungal infections may be present in the BALF of patients with severe pneumonia, and viral or fungal infections are associated with greater disease severity and death.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Xinyan Wei, Zuyou Wei, Guixian Zheng, Ting Xie, Zengyu Huo, Yanbing Huang, Xiaoli Chen, Jing Bai
Summary: Circulating Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA levels have prognostic value in patients with pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC), and a comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate their significance. Pretreatment and posttreatment EBV DNA levels were both found to have prognostic value for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in pulmonary LELC patients. The independent cohort also showed similar results, with high pretreatment EBV DNA or positive posttreatment EBV DNA associated with significantly inferior PFS.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ana Cirac, Remy Poirey, Michael Dieckmeyer, Klaus Witter, Henri-Jacques Delecluse, Uta Behrends, Josef Mautner
Summary: Whole genome sequencing of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) isolates has revealed extensive strain heterogeneity, with polymorphisms detected in a high percentage of T-cell epitopes. These findings suggest that a combinatorial library of consensus epitopes may provide better targets for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Polymorphisms in epitope sequences imply immune selection plays a role in driving strain diversification and indicate the potential for novel insight into immune targets and host defense against virus evolution.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Christian Munz
Summary: EBV is the most common human tumor virus, infecting over 95% of the adult population but only a small minority developing malignancies. The majority control EBV infection with specific lymphocytes, defining immune response characteristics. Current research focuses on developing immunotherapies against EBV and tumors.
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yudi Xiong, Mengting Yuan, Zhigang Liu, Jing Huang, Jianping Bi, Guoliang Pi, Ying Li, Yanping Li, Hanping He, Vivek Verma, Suqing Tian, Guang Han
Summary: This multicenter study examined the clinical characteristics of EBV-negative patients in the Chinese population and compared their long-term outcomes with EBV-positive patients. The study found that most EBV-negative patients were diagnosed in advanced stages and were more associated with the keratinizing subtype. Compared to EBV-negative patients, EBV-positive patients were more likely to experience local recurrence, but there was no significant difference in mortality during the follow-up period. Additionally, EBV-positive NPC patients seemed to have better survival compared to EBV-negative NPC patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leila Sawada, Antonio Carlos Rosario Vallinoto, Igor Brasil-Costa
Summary: EBV is an oncovirus associated with various types of cancer, with the reason for cancer development in only some infected individuals still unknown. EBV-associated cancers are more aggressive and resistant to treatment compared to EBV-negative cancers, making monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoints a potential therapy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshimi Enose-Akahata, Limin Wang, Fahad Almsned, Kory R. Johnson, Yair Mina, Joan Ohayon, Xin Wei Wang, Steven Jacobson
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), and the cause of MS remains unknown. This study investigated the antibody responses against various viruses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of MS patients, and found significant differences compared to healthy volunteers, as well as a pattern of antibody responses against multiple viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus. These findings indicate that virus-specific antibody signatures might reflect the disease-associated inflammatory milieu in the CSF of patients with neuroinflammatory diseases.
Review
Oncology
Jianyu Hu, Xue Zhang, Huan Tao, Yongqian Jia
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients. The results showed that EBV positivity was associated with poorer overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) in HL patients. However, the presence of EBV in HL did not affect failure-free survival, progression-free survival, or event-free survival. Subgroup analyses also revealed that EBV positivity was associated with a poorer prognosis in elderly patients, while children and adolescents with EBV-positive HL tended to have a better prognosis, although not statistically significant.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Chin-King Looi, Lian-Chee Foong, Felicia Fei-Lei Chung, Alan Soo-Beng Khoo, Ee-Mun Loo, Chee-Onn Leong, Chun-Wai Mai
Summary: This review provides updated understanding of the roles of epigenetic factors in regulating EBV latent gene expression and promoting NPC progression. The crosstalk between epigenetic mechanisms and immune evasion in NPC is explored, along with the potential roles of DNMT and HDAC inhibitors in reversing immune suppression and augmenting antitumour immunity. Furthermore, the advantages of combining epigenetic therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor to reverse immune resistance and improve clinical outcomes are highlighted.
CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Tengteng Ding, Yuanbin Zhang, Zhixuan Ren, Ying Cong, Jingyi Long, Manli Peng, Oluwasijibomi Damola Faleti, Yinggui Yang, Xin Li, Xiaoming Lyu
Summary: This study developed a model using Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated hub genes to predict the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Through differential expression analysis, regression analysis, and machine learning, 25 genes significantly associated with NPC prognosis were identified, along with six hub genes related to immune infiltration and cell cycle regulation. These genes could be used to predict NPC prognosis, with functions related to tumor proliferation and immune infiltration, making them potential therapeutic targets.