Article
Spectroscopy
Bruno Bousquet, Vincent Gardette, Vincent Motto Ros, Rosalba Gaudiuso, Marcella Dell'Aglio, Alessandro De Giacomo
Summary: This paper discusses the significance of the excitation temperature retrieved with the Boltzmann plot method and the correct analysis of the obtained temperature accuracy. Several issues that are often neglected in the literature are analyzed, including the effect of signal-to-noise ratio on the accuracy of the Boltzmann plot, the difference between average temperature and apparent temperature, and the sensitivity of the Boltzmann plot method. Experimental simulations and real experiments are used to demonstrate the importance of these issues. Guidelines for the correct use of the Boltzmann plot and obtained temperature value are provided in the conclusion.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
Jesus M. Anzano, Andres Cruz-Conesa, Roberto J. Lasheras, Cesar Marina-Montes, Luis Vicente Perez-Arribas, Jorge O. Caceres, Abrahan I. Velasquez, Vincenzo Palleschi
Summary: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a quick technique for analyzing various samples, including geological samples like soils, without the need for standard references. Calibration Free (CF) methodology can be used for multielemental quantitative analysis without standards, by studying the physical parameters of the plasma created by laser-sample interaction. By optimizing instrumental parameters, choosing appropriate spectral lines, and using signal to noise ratio (SNR) evaluation, high-quality spectral results can be obtained for complex samples like Antarctic soils.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sahithya Atikukke, Alicia Marin Roldan, Vishal Dwivedi, Matej Veis, Pavel Veis
Summary: The elemental quantification of liquid metal divertor (LMD) surface is crucial for understanding material behaviors in Plasma-Facing Components, and experiments are being conducted to optimize the detection of Sn and Pb components.
Article
Spectroscopy
Luis Carlos Leva Borduchi, Debora Marcondes Bastos Pereira Milori, Paulino Ribeiro Villas-Boas
Summary: The time control of signal acquisition in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is critical to element quantification. This study evaluates how measured plasma parameters and the signal-to-noise ratio vary with different delay times and gate widths. The results show that plasma parameters are not affected by gate width, but the signal-to-noise ratio increases with gate width for the Ca I line.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Spectroscopy
Paulino Ribeiro Villas-Boas, Luis Carlos Leva Borduchi
Summary: In this study, a statistical LOD definition is proposed for calibration-free LIBS based on emitter density, plasma parameters, and measurement uncertainties. The LOD is determined through the propagation of uncertainties applied to CF-LIBS calculations and is shown to depend on plasma temperature and emission line properties. The proposed expression provides a sound and thorough LOD definition for LIBS quantitative analyses, and it was validated using carbon and calcium analysis in sodium chloride samples.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Tobias Voelker, Igor B. Gornushkin
Summary: This study proposes an improved Boltzmann plot method that allows a specific group of unresolved lines to be included in a Boltzmann plot without the need to separate them. The algorithm is shown to be superior to the standard Boltzmann plot method both in more accurate determination of the plasma temperature and in a significant reduction in the computational time.
JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Binbin Fan, Jilei Liu, Yali Xu, Qunli Tang, Yan Zhang, Xiaohua Chen, Aiping Hu
Summary: A scalable and facile one-pot spray pyrolysis method combined with reduction process during hydrogen atmosphere at a low temperature of 400 degrees C is developed for the formation of Sn@SnO2-3DGHPC materials, demonstrating high reversible capacity, outstanding cycling stability, and rate capability.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhanfei Zhang, Jianghu Liang, Jianli Wang, Yiting Zheng, Xueyun Wu, Congcong Tian, Anxin Sun, Ying Huang, Zhuang Zhou, Yajuan Yang, Yuan Liu, Chen Tang, Chun-Chao Chen
Summary: A DMSO-free solvent strategy using N,N'-dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU) is demonstrated to improve the performance and stability of Cs(0.25)FA(0.75)Pb(0.5)Sn(0.5)I(3) solar cells by suppressing precursor oxidation and uncontrolled crystallization. The DMPU-based solvent forms complete complexes with organic and inorganic components, leading to enlarged grain size and improved film crystallinity. The resulting Sn-Pb alloyed device achieves a record efficiency of 22.41% and exhibits improved humidity and thermal stability.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shaoshen Lv, Weiyin Gao, Chenxin Ran, Deli Li, Lingfeng Chao, Xiaobo Wang, Lin Song, Zongqiong Lin, Li Fu, Yonghua Chen
Summary: Pb-based perovskite solar cells have shown potential in next-generation photovoltaics, and partial replacement of Pb with Sn reduces toxicity. A one-step antisolvent-free method using green solvent MAAC to fabricate high-quality Sn-Pb perovskite film achieves a champion PCE of 15.42%. Additionally, the device exhibits robust stability even after being stored in N-2 for 720 hours.
Article
Spectroscopy
Luis Carlos Leva Borduchi, Debora Marcondes Bastos Pereira Milori, Mauricio Conrado Meyer, Paulino Ribeiro Villas-Boas
Summary: Matrix effects pose challenges in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. This study proposes the use of CF-LIBS with one-point calibration to overcome matrix effects and improve accuracy in nutrient quantification in soybean leaf samples.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhili Lu, Chaohui Li, Hongwei Lai, Xinming Zhou, Chunfeng Wang, Xianhu Liu, Fei Guo, Caofeng Pan
Summary: This work reports the construction of mixed dimensional two-dimensional (2D) Dion-Jacobson (DJ) and three-dimensional (3D) perovskites to improve the efficiency and stability of Sn-Pb alloyed perovskite solar cells (PSCs). By introducing DJ perovskites as spacer cations, the trap-state density is reduced and nonradiative charge recombination is greatly suppressed. The Sn-Pb alloyed PSCs based on 2D-DJ/3D heterojunction deliver a high power conversion efficiency and improved device stability.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhili Lu, Chaohui Li, Hongwei Lai, Xinming Zhou, Chunfeng Wang, Xianhu Liu, Fei Guo, Caofeng Pan
Summary: This study investigates the use of mixed dimensional 2D and 3D perovskites to construct Sn-Pb alloyed perovskite solar cells. The introduction of DJ perovskites improves the efficiency and stability of the devices.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chuang Qiao, Qiong Wu, Long Hao, Youzhi Wang, Xu Sun, Qingchuan Zou, Xizhong An
Summary: The development of new Pb-free Sn-based solder alloys in the packaging industry increasingly focuses on enhancing corrosion resistance. It has been identified that the surface native oxide film has a positive effect in delaying solder substrate degradation, and the corrosion resistance of the native oxide film varies greatly on different compositional phases in the substrate. Obtaining a corrosion-resistant native oxide film is suggested as one promising method in improving the corrosion resistance of solder alloys, and thus small additions of elements prone to form a passivated native oxide film are preferentially of interest.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tingming Jiang, Xuehui Xu, Zeshun Lan, Zeng Chen, Xu Chen, Tianyu Liu, Siyuan Huang, Yang (Michael) Yang
Summary: Lead-tin alloyed low-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are critical for all-perovskite tandem solar cells. While current high-efficiency Pb-Sn mixed PSCs typically contain over 30 mol% of volatile methylammonium (MA) cations, this study explores the use of MA-free compositions to improve the thermal and operational stability. By growing an ultrathin layer of phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI) on top of the MA-free FA(0.83)Cs(0.17)Pb(0.5)Sn(0.5)I(3)film, the researchers observed enhanced charge carrier lifetime, reduced Sn2+ oxidation, and improved electron transportation, resulting in improved efficiency and open-circuit voltage for the treated PSCs.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Adi Kama, Shay Tirosh, Anat Itzhak, Michal Ejgenberg, David Cahen
Summary: In this study, the substitution of lead ions in halide perovskites with non-toxic elements such as Sn and Ge was investigated. By using a multihead spray deposition setup, homogeneous CsSnxGe1-xBr3 films were successfully formed with high x values. The optical band gap of the films can be tuned between 1.8 and 2.5 eV, and the structural stability of the perovskite increases with increasing concentration of Ge.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Spectroscopy
Piyali Deb Barman, Ashok Kumar Maurya, Subhendu Ghosh, Ankit Roy, Mukul Madaan
Summary: In X-ray spectroscopic studies, K beta 1,3 lines have been used to examine the chemical states of 3d transition metals, but are not suitable for characterizing iron oxides. Instead, FeL-lines, which involve the valence shell 3d electrons, were inspected and found to provide information on the chemical states of iron. The study established a linear relationship between the chemical shift of FeL beta 1 line and spin multiplicity, allowing for the speciation of iron.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2024)
