☆ 4.7 Article

Economic, land use, and ecosystem services impacts of Rwanda's Green Growth Strategy: An application of the IEEM plus ESM platform

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2020)

期刊

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT

卷 729, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

ELSEVIER

DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138779

关键词

Ex-ante economic impact evaluation; System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA); Integrated Economic-Environmental Modeling (IEEM) Platform; Ecosystem services modeling; Natural capital; Green growth; Rwanda

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Environmental Sciences

资金

Science for Nature and People Partnership (SNAPP)
Nature Conservancy
Wildlife Conservation Society
National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS)
Auburn University
U.S. Geological Survey Land Change Science program

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摘要

We develop and link the Integrated Economic-Environmental Modeling (IEEM) Platform to ecosystem services modeling (ESM). The IEEM+ESM Platform is an innovative decision-making framework for exploring complex public policy goals and elucidating synergies and trade-offs between alternative policy portfolios. The IEEM+ESM approach is powerful in its ability to shed light on (i) change in land use and ecosystem services driven by public policy and the supply and demand responses of businesses and households; and (ii) impacts on standard economic indicators of concern to Ministries of Finance such as gross domestic product and employment, as well as changes in wealth and ecosystem services. The IEEM+ESM approach is being adopted rapidly and by the end of 2020, IEEM+ESM Platforms will be implemented for about 25 countries. To demonstrate the in sights generated by the IEEM+ESM approach, we apply it to the analysis of alternative green growth strategies in Rwanda, a country that has made strong progress in reducing poverty and enhancing economic growth in the last 15 years. The case of Rwanda is particularly compelling as it faces intense pressure on its natural capital base and ecosystem services, already with the highest population density in Africa, which is projected to double by 2050. In applying IEEM+ESM and comparing the outcomes of Rwanda's green growth policies, increasing fertilization of agricultural crops shows the largest economic gains but also trade-offs in environmental quality reflected through higher nutrient export and reduced water quality. Combining crop fertilization with forest plantations better balances critical ecosystem services and their role in underpinning economic development as Rwanda progresses toward its target of middle-income status by 2035. This application to Rwanda's green growth strategy demonstrates the value-added of the IEEM+ESM approach in generating results that speak to both economic outcomes and impacts on market and non-market ecosystem services. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Urban natural resource accounting based on the system of environmental economic accounting in Northwest China: A case study of Xi 'an

Yi Yang, Yuwei Jia, Sun Ling, Congxu Yao

Summary: Drawing lessons from SEEA-CF and SEEA-EEA, China is conducting a pilot project for ecosystem accounting at the provincial level. This study focuses on urban ecosystem degradation and fragility in Xi'an, discussing urban NR accounting in terms of physical quantity and monetary value. The results show that calculating the monetary value based on NR restoration and maintenance obligations better reflects urban NR utilization levels and maximizes the utility of accounting results.

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES (2021)