Article
Oncology
T. Al-Toubah, T. Halfdanarson, J. Gile, B. Morse, K. Sommerer, J. Strosberg
Summary: The combination therapy of ipilimumab and nivolumab shows modest activity in patients with high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms who have progressed on prior cytotoxic chemotherapy.
Review
Immunology
Payal Aggarwal, Wen Luo, Katherine C. C. Pehlivan, Hai Hoang, Prajwal Rajappa, Timothy P. P. Cripe, Kevin A. A. Cassady, Dean A. A. Lee, Mitchell S. S. Cairo
Summary: This article examines the differences and similarities between high grade gliomas in adults and children, including epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment approaches. Although there are differences in clinical presentation, molecular biology background, and response to chemotherapy, both types of gliomas respond to immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacob P. Fisher, David C. Adamson
Summary: The standard of care for high-grade gliomas includes surgical resection, radiation therapy, and temozolomide, which have improved patient survival rates. Besides temozolomide, there are several other FDA-approved treatments for HGG, with tumor treatment fields being the only one shown to significantly improve survival rates.
Review
Immunology
Boyuan Huang, Xuesong Li, Yuntao Li, Jin Zhang, Zhitao Zong, Hongbo Zhang
Summary: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant tumor in the central nervous system. Immunotherapy has shown promising results in the treatment of GBM, but future developments will require an integrated approach with various treatment modalities and specific targeted therapies for the tumor microenvironment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hannah Chatwin, Joselyn Cruz Cruz, Adam L. Green
Summary: Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) are a lethal and heterogenous category requiring more effective treatment options. The review discusses the history of treatment approaches to pHGG, different molecular subgroups of pHGG, targeted treatment options, and novel approaches such as localized convection-enhanced chemotherapy delivery and immunotherapy. It demonstrates the potential for molecularly driven therapy combined with other novel methods to improve prognosis in pHGG.
Review
Oncology
Claire A. Conarroe, Timothy N. J. Bullock
Summary: High-grade gliomas are malignant brain tumors, and despite the use of immunotherapies, patient outcomes remain poor. Dendritic cells (DC) play a crucial role in initiating an immune response against tumors, but research on their activity in high-grade gliomas is lacking. This review discusses the role of DC in the central nervous system, their infiltration in high-grade gliomas, antigen presentation, immunogenicity, and subsets involved in the antitumor immune response. It also explores the implications of suboptimal DC function in immunotherapies and opportunities for optimization in treating high-grade gliomas.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Beatrice Detti, Silvia Scoccianti, Maria Ausilia Teriaca, Virginia Maragna, Victoria Lorenzetti, Sara Lucidi, Chiara Bellini, Daniela Greto, Isacco Desideri, Lorenzo Livi
Summary: Overall, the analysis confirms the efficacy of bevacizumab in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas, with an acceptable toxicity profile. The study found that performance status, age at diagnosis, and the use of corticosteroids during bevacizumab therapy were strongly associated with progression-free survival. Long-term responders accounted for more than half of the cohort.
Review
Oncology
Ashley L. B. Raghu, Jason A. Chen, Pablo A. Valdes, Walid Ibn Essayed, Elizabeth Claus, Omar Arnaout, Timothy R. Smith, E. Antonio Chiocca, Pier Paolo Peruzzi, Joshua D. Bernstock
Summary: World Health Organization (WHO) grade 4 gliomas of the cerebellum are rare and understudied. Recent molecular analyses have identified different subclasses and molecular features of these tumors, suggesting the need for individualized targeted treatment. Understanding the biological differences between cerebellar and supratentorial high-grade gliomas has the potential to improve treatment strategies, including targeted therapies and immunotherapy.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Pasquale Persico, Elena Lorenzi, Angelo Dipasquale, Federico Pessina, Pierina Navarria, Letterio S. Politi, Armando Santoro, Matteo Simonelli
Summary: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor in adults, with no effective treatment currently available. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have shown success in other malignancies, they have not yet made an impact in neuro-oncology. This review summarizes the status of ICI investigation in high-grade gliomas and explores new approaches and potential biomarkers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Chao Lin, Ning Wang, Chengyan Xu
Summary: Glioma is a solid tumor composed of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic components. Glioma-associated macrophages and microglia (GAMs) are crucial in regulating tumor growth, invasion, and recurrence in the glioma tumor microenvironment. This review provides an overview of the intricate relationship between GAMs and the glioma tumor microenvironment, as well as a summary of immunotherapies targeting GAMs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Henry S. Friedman, Michael D. Prados, Patrick Y. Wen, Tom Mikkelsen, David Schiff, Lauren E. Abrey, W. K. Alfred Yung, Nina Paleologos, Martin K. Nicholas, Randy Jensen, James Vredenburgh, Jane Huang, Maoxia Zheng, Timothy Cloughesy
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of bevacizumab, alone or in combination with irinotecan, in recurrent glioblastoma patients. The results showed that bevacizumab, either alone or in combination, was well tolerated and active in treating recurrent glioblastoma.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Zhile Wang, Fucun Xie, Yijun Wu, Li Wang, Yi Bai, Junyu Long, Xiang Wang
Summary: The study showed a close correlation between high ICI scores and high TMB values, with ICI scores serving as reliable prognostic predictors. The predictive model established demonstrated significant superiority among glioma patients.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Eric M. Thompson, Daniel Landi, Michael C. Brown, Henry S. Friedman, Roger McLendon, James E. Herndon II, Evan Buckley, Dani P. Bolognesi, Eric Lipp, Kristin Schroeder, Oren J. Becher, Allan H. Friedman, Zachary McKay, Ashley Walter, Stevie Threatt, Denise Jaggers, Annick Desjardins, Matthias Gromeier, Darell Bigner, David M. Ashley
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and overall survival of lerapolturev, a viral immunotherapy, when administered as a single dose intracerebrally in children and young people with recurrent paediatric high-grade glioma. The results showed that lerapolturev demonstrated promising potential in the treatment of recurrent paediatric high-grade glioma within a tolerable range.
LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Daniel P. Kulinich, John P. Sheppard, Thien Nguyen, Aditya M. Kondajji, Ansley Unterberger, Courtney Duong, Adam Enomoto, Kunal Patel, Isaac Yang
Summary: The combination of re-irradiation therapy (reRT) and bevacizumab (BVZ) therapy may improve overall survival (OS) and reduce rates of radiation necrosis (RN) in recurrent high-grade gliomas (HGG) patients. However, further controlled studies are needed to confirm these effects.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Cong Luo, Zhixiong Liu, Wenrui Ye, Fangkun Liu
Summary: This study identified immune infiltrates associated with overall survival in lower grade glioma patients and obtained 44 hub genes to construct an immune infiltration-related signature. The signature showed potential as a prognostic biomarker for glioma patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maha R. A. Abdollah, Thomas J. Carter, Clare Jones, Tammy L. Kalber, Vineeth Rajkumar, Berend Tolner, Cordula Gruettner, May Zaw-Thin, Julia Baguna Torres, Matthew Ellis, Mathew Robson, R. Barbara Pedley, Paul Mulholland, Rafael T. M. de Rosales, Kerry Ann Chester
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Linda M. Liau, Keyoumars Ashkan, David D. Tran, Jian L. Campian, John E. Trusheim, Charles S. Cobbs, Jason A. Heth, Michael Salacz, Sarah Taylor, Stacy D. D'andre, Fabio M. Iwamoto, Edward J. Dropcho, Yaron A. Moshel, Kevin A. Walter, Clement P. Pillainayagam, Robert Aiken, Rekha Chaudhary, Samuel A. Goldlust, Daniela A. Bota, Paul Duic, Jai Grewal, Heinrich Elinzano, Steven A. Toms, Kevin O. Lillehei, Tom Mikkelsen, Tobias Walpert, Steven R. Abram, Andrew J. Brenner, Steven Brem, Matthew G. Ewend, Simon Khagi, Jana Portnow, Lyndon J. Kim, William G. Loudon, Reid C. Thompson, David E. Avigan, Karen L. Fink, Francois J. Geofroy, Scott Lindhorst, Jose Lutzky, Andrew E. Sloan, Gabriele Schackert, Dietmar Krex, Hans-Jorg Meisel, Julian Wu, Raphael P. Davis, Christopher Duma, Arnold B. Etame, David Mathieu, Santosh Kesari, David Piccioni, Manfred Westphal, David S. Baskin, Pamela Z. New, Michel Lacroix, Sven-Axel May, Timothy J. Pluard, Victor Tse, Richard M. Green, John L. Villano, Michael Pearlman, Kevin Petrecca, Michael Schulder, Lynne P. Taylor, Anthony E. Maida, Robert M. Prins, Timothy F. Cloughesy, Paul Mulholland, Marnix L. Bosch
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2018)
Correction
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Linda M. Liau, Keyoumars Ashkan, David D. Tran, Jian L. Campian, John E. Trusheim, Charles S. Cobbs, Jason A. Heth, Michael Salacz, Sarah Taylor, Stacy D. D'Andre, Fabio M. Iwamoto, Edward J. Dropcho, Yaron A. Moshel, Kevin A. Walter, Clement P. Pillainayagam, Robert Aiken, Rekha Chaudhary, Samuel A. Goldlust, Daniela A. Bota, Paul Duic, Jai Grewal, Heinrich Elinzano, Steven A. Toms, Kevin O. Lillehei, Tom Mikkelsen, Tobias Walbert, Steven R. Abram, Andrew J. Brenner, Steven Brem, Matthew G. Ewend, Simon Khagi, Jana Portnow, Lyndon J. Kim, William G. Loudon, Reid C. Thompson, David E. Avigan, Karen L. Fink, Francois J. Geoffroy, Scott Lindhorst, Jose Lutzky, Andrew E. Sloan, Gabriele Schackert, Dietmar Krex, Hans-Jorg Meisel, Julian Wu, Raphael P. Davis, Christopher Duma, Arnold B. Etame, David Mathieu, Santosh Kesari, David Piccioni, Manfred Westphal, David S. Baskin, Pamela Z. New, Michel Lacroix, Sven-Axel May, Timothy J. Pluard, Victor Tse, Richard M. Green, John L. Villano, Michael Pearlman, Kevin Petrecca, Michael Schulder, Lynne P. Taylor, Anthony E. Maida, Robert M. Prins, Timothy F. Cloughesy, Paul Mulholland, Marnix L. Bosch
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2018)
Article
Oncology
Nicholas F. Brown, Matthew Williams, Hendrik-Tobias Arkenau, Ronald A. Fleming, Jerry Tolson, Li Yan, Jianping Zhang, Lisa Swartz, Rajendra Singh, Kurt R. Auger, Laurie Lenox, David Cox, Yvonne Lewis, Christophe Plisson, Graham Searle, Azeem Saleem, Sarah Blagden, Paul Mulholland
Article
Oncology
Martin J. van den Bent, Martin Klein, Marion Smits, Jaap C. Reijneveld, Pim J. French, Paul Clement, Filip Y. F. de Vos, Antje Wick, Paul J. Mulholland, Martin J. B. Taphoorn, Joanne Lewis, Michael Weller, Olivier L. Chinot, Johan M. Kros, Iris de Heer, Tina Verschuere, Corneel Coens, Vassilis Golfinopoulos, Thierry Gorlia, Ahmed Idbaih
Article
Oncology
Nicholas F. Brown, Stasya M. Ng, Claire Brooks, Tim Coutts, Jane Holmes, Corran Roberts, Leena Elhussein, Peter Hoskin, Tim Maughan, Sarah Blagden, Paul Mulholland
Article
Oncology
David A. Reardon, Alba A. Brandes, Antonio Omuro, Paul Mulholland, Michael Lim, Antje Wick, Joachim Baehring, Manmeet S. Ahluwalia, Patrick Roth, Oliver Baehr, Surasak Phuphanich, Juan Manuel Sepulveda, Paul De Souza, Solmaz Sahebjam, Michael Carleton, Kay Tatsuoka, Corina Taitt, Ricardo Zwirtes, John Sampson, Michael Weller
Article
Clinical Neurology
C. Mircea S. Tesileanu, Wies R. Vallentgoed, Marc Sanson, Walter Taal, Paul M. Clement, Wolfgang Wick, Alba Ariela Brandes, Jean Francais Baurain, Olivier L. Chinot, Helen Wheeler, Sanjeev Gill, Matthew Griffin, Leland Rogers, Roberta Ruda, Michael Weller, Catherine McBain, Jaap Reijneveld, Roelien H. Enting, Francesca Caparrotti, Thierry Lesimple, Susan Clenton, Anja Gijtenbeek, Elizabeth Lim, Filip de Vos, Paul J. Mulholland, Martin J. B. Taphoorn, Iris de Heer, Youri Hoogstrate, Maurice de Wit, Lorenzo Boggiani, Sanne Venneker, Jan Oosting, Judith V. M. G. Bovee, Sara Erridge, Michael A. Vogelbaum, Anna K. Nowak, Warren P. Mason, Johan M. Kros, Pieter Wesseling, Ken Aldape, Robert B. Jenkins, Hendrikus J. Dubbink, Brigitta Baumert, Vassilis Golfinopoulos, Thierry Gorlia, Martin van den Bent, Pim J. French
Summary: Somatic mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase genes IDH1 and IDH2 are common in various tumor types, with gliomas showing a particularly high frequency of the IDH1(R132H) mutation. Patients with IDH1(R132H) mutations tend to have lower DNA methylation levels and higher gene expression compared to other IDH1/2 mutations. The different prognosis between IDH1(R132H) mutated astrocytomas and non-R132H IDH1/2-mutated astrocytomas highlights the clinical relevance of distinct IDH mutations.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Thomas J. Carter, Giulia Agliardi, Fang-Yu Lin, Matthew Ellis, Clare Jones, Mathew Robson, Angela Richard-Londt, Paul Southern, Mark Lythgoe, May Zaw Thin, Vyacheslav Ryzhov, Rafael T. M. de Rosales, Cordula Gruettner, Maha R. A. Abdollah, R. Barbara Pedley, Quentin A. Pankhurst, Tammy L. Kalber, Sebastian Brandner, Sergio Quezada, Paul Mulholland, Maxim Shevtsov, Kerry Chester
Summary: The study demonstrates that magnetic hyperthermia can induce beneficial localized changes in vivo, with retention of SPIONs in tumor surroundings, specific heat shock protein expression, and tumor growth inhibition. Additionally, it triggers an anti-tumor immune response, characterized by an increase in activated cytotoxic T cells and proliferating regulatory T cells.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Loizos Siakallis, Carole H. Sudre, Paul Mulholland, Naomi Fersht, Jeremy Rees, Laurens Topff, Steffi Thust, Rolf Jager, M. Jorge Cardoso, Jasmina Panovska-Griffiths, Sotirios Bisdas
Summary: The study demonstrated that utilizing a support vector machine classifier based on longitudinal perfusion time points and combined structural and perfusion features significantly enhances the classification outcome, improving the identification of disease progression in patients with high-grade glioma.
Article
Oncology
Kaspar Draaisma, C. Mircea S. Tesileanu, Iris de Heer, Martin Klein, Marion Smits, Jaap C. Reijneveld, Paul M. Clement, Filip Y. F. de Vos, Antje Wick, Paul J. Mulholland, Martin J. B. Taphoorn, Michael Weller, Olivier L. Chinot, Johan M. Kros, Tina Verschuere, Corneel Coens, Vassilis Golfinopoulos, Thierry Gorlia, Ahmed Idbaih, Pierre A. Robe, Martin J. van den Bent, Pim J. French
Summary: The study evaluated the prognostic significance of genomewide DNA methylation profiles and copy-number variations in patients with gliomas. It found that the Heidelberg DNA methylation classification lost its predictive value at the time of enhancing recurrence, while the TCGA classification remained prognostic. Additionally, homozygous deletions in CDKN2A/B were predictive of survival from progression in IDH-mutated tumors.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Antonio Omuro, Alba A. Brandes, Antoine F. Carpentier, Ahmed Idbaih, David A. Reardon, Timothy Cloughesy, Ashley Sumrall, Joachim Baehring, Martin van den Bent, Oliver Bahr, Giuseppe Lombardi, Paul Mulholland, Ghazaleh Tabatabai, Ulrik Lassen, Juan Manuel Sepulveda, Mustafa Khasraw, Elodie Vauleon, Yoshihiro Muragaki, Anna Maria Di Giacomo, Nicholas Butowski, Patrick Roth, Xiaozhong Qian, Alex Z. Fu, Yanfang Liu, Von Potter, Alexandros-Georgios Chalamandaris, Kay Tatsuoka, Michael Lim, Michael Weller
Summary: This study showed that TMZ + RT had better efficacy than NIVO + RT in newly diagnosed GBM patients with unmethylated MGMT promoter. However, no new safety signals were detected with NIVO in this study.
Article
Oncology
Nicholas F. Brown, Diego Ottaviani, John Tazare, John Gregson, Neil Kitchen, Sebastian Brandner, Naomi Fersht, Paul Mulholland
Summary: The study examined the survival of 490 real-world patients with glioblastoma and identified factors such as age, surgery, post-surgical treatment, and MGMT promotor methylation as predictors of longer survival. The average survival of patients was 9 months.
Article
Oncology
Mariangela Morelli, Francesca Lessi, Serena Barachini, Romano Liotti, Nicola Montemurro, Paolo Perrini, Orazio Santo Santonocito, Carlo Gambacciani, Matija Snuderl, Francesco Pieri, Filippo Aquila, Azzurra Farnesi, Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato, Paolo Viacava, Francesco Cardarelli, Gianmarco Ferri, Paul Mulholland, Diego Ottaviani, Fabiola Paiar, Gaetano Liberti, Francesco Pasqualetti, Michele Menicagli, Paolo Aretini, Giovanni Signore, Sara Franceschi, Chiara Maria Mazzanti
Summary: This study developed a novel functional precision medicine approach to test the response to anticancer treatments in organoids derived from the resected tumors of glioblastoma patients. FLIM-based metabolic imaging was used to stratify tumors and identify new target genes associated with TMZ treatment and survival. This approach has the potential to improve the clinical management of GB patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Linda M. Liau, Keyoumars Ashkan, Steven Brem, Jian L. Campian, John E. Trusheim, Fabio M. Iwamoto, David D. Tran, George Ansstas, Charles S. Cobbs, Jason A. Heth, Michael E. Salacz, Stacy D'Andre, Robert D. Aiken, Yaron A. Moshel, Joo Y. Nam, Clement P. Pillainayagam, Stephanie A. Wagner, Kevin A. Walter, Rekha Chaudary, Samuel A. Goldlust, Ian Y. Lee, Daniela A. Bota, Heinrich Elinzano, Jai Grewal, Kevin Lillehei, Tom Mikkelsen, Tobias Walbert, Steven Abram, Andrew J. Brenner, Matthew G. Ewend, Simon Khagi, Darren S. Lovick, Jana Portnow, Lyndon Kim, William G. Loudon, Nina L. Martinez, Reid C. Thompson, David E. Avigan, Karen L. Fink, Francois J. Geoffroy, Pierre Giglio, Oleg Gligich, Dietmar Krex, Scott M. Lindhorst, Jose Lutzky, Hans-Jorg Meisel, Minou Nadji-Ohl, Lhagva Sanchin, Andrew Sloan, Lynne P. Taylor, Julian K. Wu, Erin M. Dunbar, Arnold B. Etame, Santosh Kesari, David Mathieu, David E. Piccioni, David S. Baskin, Michel Lacroix, Sven-Axel May, Pamela Z. New, Timothy J. Pluard, Steven A. Toms, Victor Tse, Scott Peak, John L. Villano, James D. Battiste, Paul J. Mulholland, Michael L. Pearlman, Kevin Petrecca, Michael Schulder, Robert M. Prins, Alton L. Boynton, Marnix L. Bosch
Summary: The study shows that adding autologous tumor lysate-loaded dendritic cell vaccine (DCVax L) to standard of care can extend the survival of patients with glioblastoma.