Article
Ophthalmology
Raziyeh Mahmoudzadeh, Saeed Heidari-Keshel, Mohammad Mehrpour, Fahimeh Asadi Amoli, Leila Aghajanpour, Alireza Lashay
Summary: The study demonstrated that topical administration of PEDF and bevacizumab significantly reduced corneal neovascularization, with similar efficacy in the short term, suggesting that PEDF may be a safe and effective alternative to bevacizumab. Further research is needed to assess the long-term effects of both treatments.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gwenda F. Vasse, Sara Russo, Andrei Barcaru, Asmaa A. A. Oun, Amalia M. Dolga, Patrick van Rijn, Marcel Kwiatkowski, Natalia Govorukhina, Rainer Bischoff, Barbro N. Melgert
Summary: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease that causes scarring and loss of lung function. Macrophages respond to altered morphological and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix in fibrosis and can change their expression and activity of metabolism-related proteins. These findings suggest important interactions between macrophages and their surroundings in the repair or fibrosis of lung tissue.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Chaoqun Yu, Peng Chen, Jing Xu, Susu Wei, Qilong Cao, Chuanlong Guo, Xianggen Wu, Guohu Di
Summary: This study found decreased NTN-1 expression in the corneal epithelium of DED mice. Application of recombinant NTN-1 alleviated disease severity, restored tear secretion and goblet cell density. Furthermore, NTN-1 reduced DC numbers, inhibited DC and Th17 cell activation, and decreased inflammatory factor expression in DED mice.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ruiyan Fan, Lin Su, Hui Zhang, Yilin Jiang, Zihao Yu, Xiaomin Zhang, Xiaorong Li
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of loading pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) onto small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) to enhance the therapeutic effects of PEDF in the treatment of retinal pathological angiogenesis.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Helena Isla-Magrane, Anna Veiga, Jose Garcia-Arumi, Anna Duarri
Summary: A two-step method was established to obtain self-organized multizone ocular progenitor cells (mzOPCs) from 2D hiPSC cultures within three weeks, which were then grown in suspension to create 3D multiocular organoids. These organoids exhibited correct layering of retinal regions, resembled transparent ocular-surface epithelium in the corneal regions, and contained interactions between different cell types and regions of the eye system. This approach demonstrated the advantages of the combined 2D-3D construction tissue model in creating a more ocular native-like cellular environment for modeling eye development and disease.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tsutomu Imaizumi, Ryuhei Hayashi, Yuji Kudo, Xiaoqin Li, Kaito Yamaguchi, Shun Shibata, Toru Okubo, Tsuyoshi Ishii, Yoichi Honma, Kohji Nishida
Summary: The conditioned medium of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAdMSC-CM) has been found to suppress cytotoxicity and inflammation in human corneal epithelial cells (hCECs), improve barrier dysfunction, and serve as a potential therapeutic agent for dry eye syndrome (DES).
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naomi Brook, Jespal Gill, Arun Dharmarajan, Arlene Chan, Crispin R. Dass
Summary: This study found that PEDF has different regulatory effects on the function and metastasis of BC cells under different estrogen conditions. Under post-menopausal conditions, PEDF treatment can reduce the expression of certain metastasis-related biomarkers in ER+/HER2- BC cells; under pre-menopausal conditions, PEDF treatment can reduce the expression of some metastasis-related markers in TNBC cells. The study also found that the combined treatment of PEDF and NF kappa B inhibitor has a better effect in reducing colony formation in specific subtypes of BC cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Alexandra Bernardo-Colon, Miriam Lerner, S. Patricia Becerra
Summary: The study revealed that PEDF can reduce the production and secretion of IL-6 in RPE cells, decrease cell death induced by TNF-α, demonstrating its anti-inflammatory effects. The pro-survival domain in PEDF plays a key role in blocking IL-6, highlighting its potential as a novel antagonist in managing retinal disease-related inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Andre M. Travessa, Patricia Dias, Joana Rosmaninho-Salgado, Miriam Aza-Carmona, Oana Moldovan, Francisca Diaz-Gonzalez, Fatima Godinho, Jose Carlos Romeu, Filipa Oliveira-Ramos, Maria do Ceu Barteriros, Sergio B. Sousa, Karen E. Heath, Ana Berta Sousa
Summary: This study reports on four patients with Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type VI, a rare form of OI caused by mutations in the SERPINF1 gene. These patients showed severe deformities, frequent bone fractures, short stature, chronic pain, and limited mobility.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
M. Helena Cardoso, Michael J. Hall, Thomas Burgoyne, Pedro Fale, Tina Storm, Cristina Escrevente, Pedro Antas, Miguel C. Seabra, Clare E. Futter
Summary: This study aimed to model the effects of chloroquine on the retinal pigment epithelium in vivo and investigate the impact of mild chloroquine treatment on lysosome function and turnover. The research found that low-dose chloroquine treatment inhibits lysosome reformation, leading to a gradual depletion of lysosomes' ability to interact with cargo-carrying vacuoles and degrade their content. The accumulation of pro-cathepsin D and LAMP1 reflects the inhibition of normal turnover of lysosomal constituents and possibly lysosomes themselves. Understanding the mechanisms underlying lysosome reformation may contribute to the development of new treatments for chloroquine-induced retinopathy.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yael Efraim, Feeling Yu Ting Chen, Ka Neng Cheong, Eliza A. Gaylord, Nancy A. McNamara, Sarah M. Knox
Summary: The absence of tears in dry eye disorder can greatly disturb the essential corneal architecture for vision. However, the topical application of the synthetic tear protein Lacripep can reverse the pathological outcomes of dry eye by restoring the extensive network of corneal nerves. This restores tear secretion, barrier function, epithelial homeostasis, and wound healing.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Agnes Selina, Madhavi Kandagaddala, Vignesh Kumar, Suneetha Susan Cleave Abraham, Sumita Danda, Vrisha Madhuri
Summary: Variants in the SERPINF1 gene cause a severe form of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) characterized by defects in matrix mineralization. We report the largest series to date of 18 patients with SERPINF1 gene variants leading to severe progressive deforming OI. These patients had their first fracture between 2 months and 9 years of age, with deformities worsening in 12 adolescents who became nonambulatory. Radiological findings included compression fractures with kyphoscoliosis, protrusio acetabuli, and lytic lesions in older children, with a popcorn appearance in the distal femoral metaphysis in three cases. Genetic analysis revealed ten variants, including one novel variant and three previously reported novel variants. A recurrent deletion mutation, p.phe277del, was found in 5 patients from three families. Alkaline phosphatase levels were elevated in all patients at the first visit, and bone mineral density was low in all patients, with improvement seen in seven children after two years of regular pamidronate therapy. Four out of seven children showed worsening Z scores at the 2-year follow-up, while data were not available for the others.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joseph B. Lin, Xiaolei Shen, Charles W. Pfeifer, Fion Shiau, Andrea Santeford, Philip A. Ruzycki, Brian S. Clark, Qin Liu, Andrew J. W. Huang, Rajendra S. Apte
Summary: The study used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze the transcriptional states of the mouse corneal epithelium in various conditions. They identified transcriptional changes in dry eye disease and proposed a classification system for markers of limbal stem cells. This study provides a framework and atlas for future research on ocular surface stem cells.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sei Kuriyama, Gentaro Tanaka, Kurara Takagane, Go Itoh, Masamitsu Tanaka
Summary: In this study, the authors established metastatic cell lines to investigate the mechanisms underlying organ tropism of cancer cells. They identified PEDF as a key factor in kidney metastasis and found that it promotes cancer cell extravasation by increasing vascular permeability and inhibiting EndoMT.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Amir H. Kashani, Jane S. Lebkowski, David R. Hinton, Danhong Zhu, Mohamed A. Faynus, Sanford Chen, Firas M. Rahhal, Robert L. Avery, Hani Salehi-Had, Clement Chan, Neal Palejwala, April Ingram, Wei Dang, Chih-Min Lin, Debbie Mitra, Juan Carlos Martinez-Camarillo, Jeff Bailey, Cassidy Arnold, Britney O. Pennington, Narsing Rao, Lincoln Johnson, Dennis O. Clegg, Mark S. Humayun
Summary: A clinical trial was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of subretinal implantation of polarized monolayer of allogeneic human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) cells in patients with geographic atrophy secondary to dry age-related macular degeneration. The results showed that the implanted cells survived, expressed functional markers, and did not elicit intraocular inflammation or immune responses.
Article
Ophthalmology
Daniela Claessens, Parul Ichhpujani, Rohan Bir Singh
Summary: This study evaluated a novel smartphone-based method for assessing metamorphopsia in patients with macular diseases, finding that patients using the application had higher testing frequency and satisfaction.
INTERNATIONAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Rohan Bir Singh, Sujata Das, James Chodosh, Namrata Sharma, Michael E. Zegans, Regis P. Kowalski, Vishal Jhanji
Summary: Bacterial keratitis remains one of the leading causes of corneal blindness, and knowledge gaps hinder early and accurate diagnosis and management. The complex regulatory networks, unique virulence factors, and rapid secretion of harmful proteins and toxins in bacteria make treatment challenging. This review provides an overview of diagnostic techniques and therapies for bacterial keratitis, recent advancements in accurately diagnosing mono- and poly-bacterial corneal infections, and understanding antibiotic resistance at the sub-cellular genomic level. The development of novel therapies and drug delivery systems for bacterial keratitis management is also discussed.
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Aniruddha Agarwal, Rohan Bir Singh, Roel J. Erckens, Tos T. J. M. Berendschot, Carroll A. B. Webers
Summary: This systematic review aims to identify the techniques used for quantifying CC flow in eyes with uveitis using OCTA and report their reliability and correlation with other techniques. Thirteen studies were included, showing that CC vessel density and flow deficit area were the most commonly used indices. However, due to significant heterogeneity among the studies, standardized acquisition and analysis protocols are needed.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Rohan Bir Singh, Tatiana Perepelkina, Ilaria Testi, Benjamin K. Young, Tuba Mirza, Alessandro Invernizzi, Jyotirmay Biswas, Aniruddha Agarwal
Summary: Advancements in imaging techniques have greatly improved the assessment of choriocapillaris and its role in health and disease.
SEMINARS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Rohan Bir Singh, Uday Pratap Singh Parmar, Parul Ichhpujani, Bennie H. Jeng, Vishal Jhanji
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the cases of herpes simplex and zoster ophthalmicus following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and examine the clinical presentations in patients. A retrospective analysis of cases reported to the CDC Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) was conducted. The findings suggest that HZO and HSO occur rarely after vaccination, and further investigations are needed to understand the underlying immunological mechanisms.
Article
Immunology
Tomas Blanco, Rohan Bir Singh, Hayate Nakagawa, Yukako Taketani, Thomas H. Dohlman, Yihe Chen, Sunil K. Chauhan, Jia Yin, Reza Dana
Summary: This study assesses the role of CD103+DC1 in suppressing Th1 alloreactivity in transplanted corneal allografts and finds that CD103+DC1 plays a critical role in regulating host alloimmune responses.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Aniruddha Agarwal, Francesco Pichi, Alessandro Invernizzi, Dilraj S. Grewal, Rohan Bir Singh, Awaneesh Upadhyay
Summary: An array of imaging modalities can comprehensively evaluate the immunopathological changes in the retina and choroid, which is crucial for diagnosing and managing inflammatory disorders like uveitis.
SURVEY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Tanu Singh, Parul Ichhpujani, Rohan Bir Singh, Sudesh Arya, Suresh Kumar
Summary: This study compared the outcomes of ultra-thin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) with Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). It found that DMEK resulted in better visual outcomes, while UT-DSAEK had fewer complications and comparable post-operative endothelial cell counts. Therefore, UT-DSAEK may be a viable alternative for treating corneal endothelial diseases.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Rohan Bir Singh, Sachi Singhal, Shruti Sinha, Junsang Cho, Anne Xuan-Lan Nguyen, Lovedeep Singh Dhingra, Snimarjot Kaur, Vasudha Sharma, Aniruddha Agarwal
Summary: Plasma cell dyscrasias are a wide range of severe monoclonal gammopathies caused by over-secretion of abnormal monoclonal antibodies from pre-malignant or malignant plasma cells. This review examines ocular complications associated with various types of plasma cell dyscrasias. Wide-ranging ocular presentations have been identified in both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye, and early diagnosis can be facilitated by recognizing the presenting symptoms. It is important for ophthalmologists and oncologists to maintain a high clinical suspicion and promptly diagnose these ocular signs to prevent disease progression.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sarah Atta, Rohan Bir Singh, Keerthana Samanthapudi, Chandrashan Perera, Mahmoud Omar, Shannon Nayyar, Regis P. Kowalski, Vishal Jhanji
Summary: This retrospective case series evaluated the clinical history and presentation of culture and PCR-negative infectious keratitis cases. Out of 121 cases included, the most common presumed etiology at presentation was viral (38.01%) followed by bacterial (27.27%) and fungal (8.26%). Risk factors included ocular surface diseases and contact lens use. The visual outcomes were generally favorable, but a history of ocular surface disease and poor contact lens hygiene were associated with worse outcomes.
Review
Ophthalmology
Uday Pratap Singh Parmar, Parul Ichhpujani, Rutvi Chahal, Rohan Bir Singh
Summary: This study aims to objectively evaluate the quality of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation videos on open access, video-based social media platforms. A total of 119 videos were evaluated and assessed using multiple scoring systems. The results showed a range of video quality from good to excellent.
INTERNATIONAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Ophthalmology
Rohan Bir Singh, Uday Pratap Singh Parmar, Francesca Kahale, Aniruddha Agarwal, Edmund Tsui
Review
Ophthalmology
Parul Ichhpujani, Rohan Bir Singh, Hennaav Kaur Dhillon, Suresh Kumar
Summary: COVID-19 infection can present with various symptoms, including ocular manifestations, which may be the first and only sign in children. Pediatricians and ophthalmologists should closely monitor the ophthalmic signs in children with COVID-19.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Parul Ichhpujani, Ann Maria Rodrigues, Suresh Kumar, Rohan Bir Singh
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the ability of the Internet-based SPARCS method to measure the change in contrast sensitivity (both central and peripheral) after treatment with travoprost. The results showed that both central and peripheral contrast sensitivity improved following treatment with travoprost, and the change in contrast sensitivity was significantly correlated with RNFL thickness and perimetric indices.
INTERNATIONAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Parul Ichhpujani, Sahil Thakur, Tanu Singh, Rohan Bir Singh, Suresh Kumar
Summary: LPI does not affect contrast sensitivity assessment in patients with primary angle-closure disease.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
