Review
Immunology
Raefa Abou Khouzam, Rania Faouzi Zaarour, Klaudia Brodaczewska, Bilal Azakir, Goutham Hassan Venkatesh, Jerome Thiery, Stephane Terry, Salem Chouaib
Summary: Hypoxia is an environmental stressor that affects tumor microenvironment and immune cell functions, and may have an impact on the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Roger Carles-Fontana, Nigel Heaton, Elena Palma, Shirin Khorsandi
Summary: Mitochondria are important organelles involved in cellular processes and are altered in pathological states, including cancer. Cancer cells adapt different strategies to generate sufficient energy for their high proliferation rates, often mediated by extracellular signals such as extracellular vesicles (EVs). This review discusses EV-mediated mitochondrial reprogramming mechanisms that support cancer survival and progression, as well as the potential of using EVs as delivery vectors for targeting mitochondria in cancer therapy.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Myrofora Panagi, Pampina Pilavaki, Anastasia Constantinidou, Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
Summary: Sarcomas are rare malignancies that can arise throughout the human lifespan. Surgery is the best treatment option, while traditional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation have limited effectiveness. Immunotherapy has emerged as a novel approach, but its efficacy in sarcomas is limited by the tumor microenvironment. Understanding the immunological properties of the sarcoma microenvironment and their impact on immunotherapy can help overcome these barriers.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marie-Anne Goyette, Islam E. Elkholi, Chloe Apcher, Hellen Kuasne, Carla Rothlin, William J. Muller, Darren E. Richard, Morag Park, Jean-Philippe Gratton, Jean-Francois Cote
Summary: Inhibition of Axl leads to reduction of hypoxia-induced EMT, invasion, and cytokine production, creating a favorable environment for immunotherapy and reducing metastatic burden in HER2(+) breast cancer.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sung-Won Shin, Kyungmi Yang, Miso Lee, Jiyoung Moon, Arang Son, Yeeun Kim, Suha Choi, Do-hyung Kim, Changhoon Choi, Nohyun Lee, Hee Chul Park
Summary: The study found that MFN may overcome radioresistance by alleviating hypoxia and enhancing antitumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
QinChen Xu, Xiaoyan Liu, Ghazal Mohseni, Xiaodong Hao, Yidan Ren, Yiwei Xu, Huiru Gao, Qin Wang, Yunshan Wang
Summary: NAD pathway-related molecules play an important role in regulating cellular energy metabolism, influencing the tumor immune microenvironment, and exerting anti-cancer effects. Drug research, combination therapies, and the application of new technologies provide solutions to overcome side effects and drug resistance.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huamei He, Denghui Zhu, Aiqing Ma, Jian Ren, Ze Chen, Hui Ran, Zhaozhen Li, Ruiqing Qin, Ruijing Liang, Lanlan Liu, Lintao Cai
Summary: A promising strategy using photoresponsive cyanobacteria (Synechococcus 7942) is reported to remodel the solid tumor microenvironment (TME) and combat chemoresistance. The cyanobacteria is able to penetrate deep into the tumor and under laser irradiation, it generates oxygen and reactive oxidative species (ROS) to alleviate tumor hypoxia and increase drug sensitivity. This strategy achieves complete tumor ablation with no evident systemic toxicity in mice over a span of 90 days, providing a new insight to overcome chemotherapeutic resistance and eliminate tumors.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Muyue Yang, Jipeng Li, Ping Gu, Xianqun Fan
Summary: The development and metastasis of tumors are closely linked to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Nanoparticles, with their unique physical properties and design, show potential in efficiently penetrating TME and delivering therapeutic agents to specific components. However, the heterogeneity of tumors and individuals may limit the effectiveness of nanoparticle delivery systems in all types of tumors, calling for further understanding of TME changes at different stages of tumor development for the design of more personalized nanoplatforms.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhenbang Cao, Liang Zhang, Jianxin Liu, Dong Wang, Kang Liang, Yu Chen, Zi Gu
Summary: A dual enzyme-mimicking radical generator has been developed to enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy by in situ generation of oxygen and radical oxygen species. The metal organic framework-based radical generator nanoparticles exhibit catalase-like and peroxidase-like activities specifically at the tumor microenvironment, leading to increased reactive oxygen species levels and improved anti-cancer effects.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ming Zhao, Ji Li, Jingwen Liu, Moxi Xu, Hongrui Ji, Siwen Wu, Dawei Chen, Haiyang Hu
Summary: The development of twin-like charge-switchable nanoparticles provides a selective delivery system for targeting tumor-associated macrophages and cancer cells, reversing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and enhancing the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yang Li, Xinquan Gu, Fan Yu
Summary: Hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment induces radioresistance in cancer cells. This study demonstrates the use of nanorod-shaped PdTe nanoenzymes to overcome hypoxia and enhance the effects of thermoradiotherapy. The nanoenzyme effectively generates oxygen and improves the treatment efficiency of radiotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Vasiliki Pantazopoulou, Pauline Jeannot, Rebecca Rosberg, Tracy J. Berg, Alexander Pietras
Summary: Hypoxic astrocytes show an activated response to hypoxia, primarily driven by HIF-2 alpha. This response involves the activation of classical HIF target genes and increased production of hypoxia-associated cytokines. Astrocytes may contribute to tumor growth and stemness maintenance by remodeling the tumor microenvironment.
Review
Immunology
Wenwen Guo, Tianyun Qiao, Bingwei Dong, Tian Li, Qiang Liu, Xiaofeng Xu
Summary: Hypoxia is a critical feature of solid tumors, which can promote tumorigenesis and progression. One of the mechanisms by which hypoxia promotes tumor growth is through affecting the secretion of exosomes, which are extracellular vesicles involved in various cellular processes. Hypoxia-induced exosome alterations not only exist in tumor cells, but also in other cells within the tumor microenvironment, and these altered exosomes have been found to negatively regulate anti-tumor immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Saerok Shim, Siyoung Lee, Yasmin Hisham, Sinae Kim, Tam T. Nguyen, Afeisha S. Taitt, Jihyeong Hwang, Hyunjhung Jhun, Ho-Young Park, Youngmin Lee, Su Cheong Yeom, Sang-Yeob Kim, Yong-Gil Kim, Soohyun Kim
Summary: IL-32 plays a contradictory role in cancer development, with its high expression typically associated with tumor proliferation and progression. However, different isoforms of IL-32 may have different effects in cancer, such as IL-32 beta promoting cancer expansion and IL-32 theta inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Further research is needed to understand the role of IL-32 in cancer therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Jun Song, Xiaofang Yi, Ruolin Gao, Li Sun, Zhixuan Wu, Shuling Zhang, Letian Huang, Chengbo Han, Jietao Ma
Summary: Tumor immunotherapy has made breakthroughs in recent years, but only a subset of patients respond. The tumor microenvironment may contribute to T cell exhaustion. Studies have shown that mitochondrial dynamics play an important role in the immune surveillance of T cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuwen Zhu, Yan Guo, Yujia Xue, Anqi Zhou, Ying Chen, Yifei Chen, Xiulian Miao, Fangqiao Lv
Summary: BRG1 plays an important role in HSC-myofibroblast transition and targeting it could be a reasonable strategy for liver fibrosis intervention.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Liu Ye, Beibei Liu, Jingling Huang, Xiaolin Zhao, Yuan Wang, Yungen Xu, Shuping Wang
Summary: Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) is a significant prooncogenic factor that is strongly associated with the malignant progression and clinical prognosis of various cancers. DCLK1 plays important roles in stem cell marker regulation, tumor cell reprogramming, and immune evasion. However, the exact biological functions of DCLK1, especially the disparities between its alpha- and beta-form transcripts in cancer progression, remain ambiguous.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jiahui Yang, Xiaoyu Chen, Tianjing Liu, Yongyan Shi
Summary: This article reviews the role of bile acids in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and their potential therapeutic value. The dysregulation of bile acids is associated with intestinal injury, and inflammatory factors in the liver also play a crucial role in regulating bile acid transport. The bile acid metabolic pathway is important for regulating intestinal microbiota, cell proliferation, and barrier protection.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhenzheng Zhu, Yuemiao Xu, Yuwei Xia, Xinru Jia, Yixin Chen, Yuyue Liu, Leyin Zhang, Hui Chai, Leitao Sun
Summary: Bile acid, as the final product of cholesterol breakdown, plays a complex regulatory and signaling role in human metabolism. Research suggests that it has the potential to enhance metabolism and regulate chronic metabolic diseases through various pathways. The interaction between bile acid and gut microbiota is also of great significance.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xin He, Hong-Xu Zhou, Xian Fu, Kai-Di Ni, Ai-Zhi Lin, Ling-Tong Zhang, Hou-Hua Yin, Qing Jiang, Xue Zhou, Yi-Wen Meng, Jun-Yan Liu
Summary: DON exposure causes an increase in deoxycholic acid (DCA), which contributes to intestinal injury. DCA may be a potential therapeutic target for DON enterotoxicity.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhitao Wang, Heng Ma, Abdul Nasir, Sufang Liu, Zhisong Li, Feng Tao, Qian Bai
Summary: This study reveals the involvement of TET1-mediated epigenetic regulation in chronic TMJ pain through trigeminal TNF alpha signaling.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lu Yu, Hao Ran, Yaru Lu, Qian Ma, Huan Huang, Weibin Liu
Summary: This study found that the HIF-1 alpha inhibitor BAY 87-2243 can alleviate the symptoms of the Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis (EAMG) inflammation model. BAY 87-2243 can restore the balance of CD4(+)T cell subsets, reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and act as both an immune imbalance regulator and anti-inflammatory.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alex Peralvarez-Marin, Montse Sole, Judith Serrano, Alice Taddeucci, Belen Perez, Clara Penas, Gemma Manich, Marcel Jimenez, Pilar D'Ocon, Francesc Jimenez-Altayo
Summary: This study provides the first evidence that TRPV2 channels may modulate vascular tone by balancing opposing inputs from the endothelium and smooth muscle, leading to net vasodilation. The amplification of TRPV2 channel-induced activity by NO emphasizes the pathophysiological relevance of these findings.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Amin Ullah, Jing Zhao, Jiakun Li, Rajeev K. Singla, Bairong Shen
Summary: Gastric cancer is the fifth-most prevalent and second-most deadly cancer worldwide. Late onset of symptoms makes early detection important. CXC chemokines play an important role in the pathological process of gastric cancer, but their exact role in diagnosis and prognosis is not fully understood. Inhibiting CXC chemokines shows promise as a targeted therapy.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Menna S. Zeyada, Salma M. Eraky, Mamdouh M. El-Shishtawy
Summary: The current study demonstrates the prophylactic and antifibrotic effects of Trig against BLM-induced PF by targeting multiple signaling pathways. The combination of Trig and Pirf may be a promising approach to enhance Pirf's anti-fibrotic effect.