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COVID-19 in Africa: between hope and reality

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES

卷 21, 期 3, 页码 315-315

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ELSEVIER SCI LTD

DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30465-5

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Infectious Diseases

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Pan-Afirican Network for Rapid Research, Response and Preparedness for Infectious Diseases Epideinics through the European and Developing Countrios Clinical Trials Partnership [RIA2016E-1609]

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One Year of COVID-19 Vaccines A Shot of Hope, a Dose of Reality

Amanda C. Cohn, Barbara E. Mahon, Rochelle P. Walensky

Summary: Vaccines have played a crucial role in shaping the past year of the COVID-19 pandemic, but there are still challenges ahead.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2022)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Hope over fear: The interplay between threat information and hope appeal corrections in debunking early COVID-19 misinformation

Ran Tao, Jianing Li, Liwei Shen, Sijia Yang

Summary: This study conducted an experiment among Chinese residents and found that hope appeals are more effective in correcting misconceptions when threat information is present during the COVID-19 pandemic. Threat information led to more misconceptions, but all three types of corrections mitigated its negative impact. The results demonstrate the potential of hope appeals in correcting misconceptions during the COVID-19 infodemic.

SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE (2023)

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Article Psychology, Multidisciplinary

Relationships Between the Life Satisfaction, Meaning in Life, Hope and COVID-19 Fear for Turkish Adults During the COVID-19 Outbreak

Zeynep Karatas, Kivanc Uzun, Ozlem Tagay

Summary: The study found that meaning in life and hope are important factors that influence life satisfaction, while COVID-19 fear, age, gender, and the presence of COVID-19 infected individuals nearby are not significantly related to life satisfaction in adults.

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY (2021)

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Article Psychology, Multidisciplinary

Prediction of Hope and Morale During COVID-19

Shaul Kimhi, Yohanan Eshel, Hadas Marciano, Bruria Adini

Summary: This study demonstrated that factors such as individual, community, and national resilience, well-being, religiosity, and political attitudes significantly influenced hope and morale during the COVID-19 pandemic. Younger age was associated with higher levels of hope, while economic difficulties were linked to lower levels of hope and morale.

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

COVID-19 vaccinology landscape in Africa

Sara Baptista, Sanushka Naidoo, Sara Suliman, Emmanuel Nepolo, Bernard N. Kanoi, Jesse Gitaka, Oyedemi Mbaebie Blessing, Shymaa Enany

Summary: Africa continues to struggle in terms of COVID-19 vaccine distribution and faces challenges in vaccine development, deployment, and sustainability for other major infectious diseases. To address the ongoing vaccine shortage, Africa needs to diversify investments, improve vaccine acquisition capacity, and increase awareness about vaccines.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Editorial Material Psychology, Biological

Experiences of COVID-19 in Africa

Patrick Opoku Asuming

Summary: The paper highlights the significant and disproportionate socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19 in low-income countries, providing valuable insights for informing appropriate policy responses.

NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR (2021)

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Article Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism

Between hope and despair sensegiving and sensemaking in hotel organizations during the COVID-19 crisis

Karin Hogberg

Summary: The COVID-19 crisis has significantly impacted the hospitality industry, highlighting the importance of communication and understanding between leaders and employees during times of crisis. The pandemic blurred the boundaries between personal and professional life, further affecting the sensegiving and sensemaking processes. Few studies have focused on the interplay between leaders' sensegiving practices and followers' sensemaking process during crises, particularly in the hospitality industry.

JOURNAL OF HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT (2021)

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Article Business, Finance

Fear and hope in financial social networks: Evidence from COVID-19

Mohamed Al Guindy

Summary: This paper examines the diffusion of COVID-19 news on social media using a large sample of approximately 45 million tweets. The results show that the intensity of Twitter discussions about COVID-19 (and about the treatment program) correspond to market returns.

FINANCE RESEARCH LETTERS (2022)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Considerations into pharmacogenomics of COVID-19 pharmacotherapy: Hope, hype and reality

Anmar Al-Taie, Ayse Seyma Buyuk, Semra Sardas

Summary: COVID-19 medicines, like molnupiravir, are emerging for public health and clinical practice, but they vary in efficacy and safety. Pharmacogenomics, the study of genome-by-drug interactions, provides insights on patient-to-patient and population variations in drug efficacy and safety. Tailoring prescriptions based on pharmacogenomics is crucial for achieving personalized COVID-19 preventive and therapeutic interventions. Adequate consideration and implementation of pharmacogenomics can advance the development of COVID-19 medicines for public health benefits.

PULMONARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS (2022)

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Article Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism

COVID-19 and Extended Reality (XR)

Andrei O. J. Kwok, Sharon G. M. Koh

Summary: This research letter examines how immersive technology and the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic will catalyze Extended Reality in tourism through innovative methods, leading to sustainable competitive advantage for tourism enterprises. Insights from this study contribute to understanding how Extended Reality will reshape the tourism industry and provide implications for tourism stakeholders.

CURRENT ISSUES IN TOURISM (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Academic Neurology and the COVID-19 Pandemic Resilience, Hope, and Solutions

Nina F. Schor, Merit E. Cudkowicz, Brenda Banwell

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the field of academic neurology, affecting research activities, clinical trials, and patient care. The pandemic has posed threats to neuroscience research and led to delays in clinical trial enrollment, but it has also prompted innovative remote engagement strategies. Clinical care has faced challenges, but telehealth has emerged as a valuable tool for neurologists to continue providing care and connecting with patients.

NEUROLOGY (2023)

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Review Food Science & Technology

Bioactive compounds and probiotics-a ray of hope in COVID-19 management

Indu Bhushan, Mahima Sharma, Malvika Mehta, Shivi Badyal, Varun Sharma, Indu Sharma, Hemender Singh, Srinivas Sistla

Summary: Bioactive compounds and probiotic bacteria have anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic properties in respiratory viral diseases, which may help enhance immunity. They are suggested as a ray of hope in COVID-19 management.

FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS (2021)

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Article Development Studies

Poverty and COVID-19 in Africa and Latin America

Olivier Bargain, Ulugbek Aminjonov

Summary: The study found that work-related mobility in high-poverty regions during lockdown period decreased significantly less compared to other regions, and higher poverty levels accelerated the spread of the virus. The research also suggested the complementary role of social protection measures and physical distancing measures in pandemic response.

WORLD DEVELOPMENT (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Post-COVID-19 syndrome and diabetes mellitus: a propensity-matched analysis of the International HOPE-II COVID-19 Registry

Mohammad Abumayyaleh, Ivan J. Nunez Gil, Maria C. Viana-LLamas, Sergio Raposeiras Roubin, Rodolfo Romero, Emilio Alfonso-Rodriguez, Aitor Uribarri, Gisela Feltes, Victor Manuel Becerra-Munoz, Francesco Santoro, Martino Pepe, Alex Fernando Castro Mejia, Jaime Signes-Costa, Adelina Gonzalez, Francisco Marin, Javier Lopez-Pais, Edoardo Manzone, Olalla Vazquez Cancela, Carolina Espejo Paeres, Alvaro Lopez Masjuan, Lazar Velicki, Christel Weiss, David Chipayo, Antonio Fernandez-Ortiz, Ibrahim El-Battrawy, Ibrahim Akin

Summary: This study compared long-term follow-up data between diabetic and non-diabetic patients, and found that patients with type II diabetes had a higher long-term mortality rate. However, readmission and reinfection rates with COVID-19 were comparable in both groups. The incidence of cardiovascular symptoms was higher in patients without diabetes.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2023)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: New hope in the fight against COVID-19

Mahsa Asadi Anar, Elaheh Foroughi, Elika Sohrabi, Samira Peiravi, Yasaman Tavakoli, Mozhgan Kameli Khouzani, Parisa Behshood, Melika Shamshiri, Arezoo Faridzadeh, Kimia Keylani, Seyedeh Faride Langari, Akram Ansari, Amirmohammad Khalaji, Setareh Garousi, Mehran Mottahedi, Sara Honari, Niloofar Deravi

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a significant increase in global mortality and morbidity rates. Fatal complications of coronavirus infections are caused by an uncontrolled inflammatory response. The use of antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), may have potential for early treatment of severely affected patients.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Article Immunology

Association Between Soluble Notch Ligand Delta-like Ligand 1 and Bleeding Complications in Patients With Dengue Fever Infection

Dagmar Hildebrand, Dennis Nurjadi, Nghiem Xuan Hoan, Mai Thanh Hai Linh, Vu Viet Sang, Mai Hong Bang, Srinivas Reddy Pallerla, Peter G. Kremsner, Klaus Heeg, Le Huu Song, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan

Summary: This study investigated the association between Notch ligands and bleeding in dengue fever patients. The results showed that high levels of soluble Notch delta-like ligand 1 (sDLL1) were associated with bleeding, and the combination with two enzymes slightly improved the test performance. sDLL1 may be useful in guiding the clinical management of dengue.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Association of PD-L1 gene polymorphisms and circulating sPD-L1 levels with HBV infection susceptibility and related liver disease progression

Nghiem Xuan Hoan, Pham Thi Minh Huyen, Bui Dinh Tung, Dao Phuong Giang, Ngo Tat Trung, Bui Tien Sy, Nguyen Thi Tuan, Dang Thi Ngoc Dung, Srinivas Reddy Pallerla, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Mai Hong Bang, Le Huu Song

Summary: The study demonstrates that PD-L1 rs2297136 polymorphism and plasma sPD-L1 levels are associated with HBV infection susceptibility and liver disease progression. High sPD-L1 levels correlate with increased liver enzymes and advanced liver disease progression.

GENE (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Circulating level of sPD-1 and PD-1 genetic variants are associated with hepatitis B infection and related liver disease progression

Pham Thi Minh Huyen, Dang Thi Ngoc Dung, Peter Johann Weiss, Phan Quoc Hoan, Dao Phuong Giang, Ngo Thi Uyen, Nguyen Van Tuan, Ngo Tat Trung, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Le Huu Song, Nghiem Xuan Hoan

Summary: This study found that PD-1.5 and PD-1.9 genetic variants, as well as plasma sPD-1 levels, are associated with hepatitis B virus infection and disease progression. Plasma sPD-1 levels are positively correlated with liver inflammation and fibrosis progression, while PD-1.5 and PD-1.9 genetic variants are associated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

Emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern Omicron (B.1.1.529)-highlights Africa's research capabilities, but exposes major knowledge gaps, inequities of vaccine distribution, inadequacies in global COVID-19 response and control efforts

Eskild Petersen, Francine Ntoumi, David Hui, Aisha Abubakar, Laura D. Kramer, Christina Obiero, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah, Lucille Blumberg, Richard Yapi, Seif Al-Abri, Tatiana de Castro Abreu Pinto, Dorothy Yeboah-Manu, Najmul Haider, Danny Asogun, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Nathan Kapata, Matthew Bates, Rashid Ansumana, Chiara Montaldo, Luchenga Mucheleng'anga, John Tembo, Peter Mwaba, Cordelia Himwaze, Muzamil Mahdi Abdel Hamid, Sayoki Mfinanga, Leonard Mboera, Tajudeen Raj, Eleni Aklillu, Francisco Veas, Sarah Edwards, Pontiano Kaleebu, Timothy D. McHugh, Jeremiah Chakaya, Thomas Nyirenda, Moses Bockarie, Peter S. Nyasulu, Christian Wejse, Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum, Esam Azhar, Markus Maeurer, Jean B. Nachega, Richard Kock, Giuseppe Ippolito, Alimuddin Zumla

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Increased outbreaks of monkeypox highlight gaps in actual disease burden in Sub-Saharan Africa and in animal reservoirs

Najmul Haider, Javier Guitian, David Simons, Danny Asogun, Rashid Ansumana, Isobella Honeyborne, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Francine Ntoumi, Sofia R. Valdoleiros, Eskild Petersen, Richard Kock, Alimuddin Zumla

Summary: The study discusses the research gaps in the epidemiology of Monkeypox virus (MPX) in endemic countries and proposes hypotheses for the recent increase in MPX cases in West Africa, suggesting a possible explanation for the ongoing epidemic in Europe, America, and Australia. The authors highlight the epidemic potential of MPX in humans and emphasize the need for a better understanding of the burden of MPX in West and Central Africa, as well as the unknown diversity and extent of the animal reservoir. They hypothesize that increased human-rodent interactions and a larger immune-naive population may have contributed to the recent surge in MPX cases. The study emphasizes the importance of national, regional, and international collaborations to address the research gaps related to MPX outbreaks.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH (2022)

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High infection rates for onchocerciasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in children under five not receiving preventive chemotherapy: a bottleneck to elimination

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2023)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus-a 10-year (2012-2022) global analysis of human and camel infections, genomic sequences, lineages, and geographical origins

Esam I. Azhar, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Ikrormi Rungsung, Tieble Traore, David S. Hui, Brian McCloskey, Sherif A. El-Kafrawy, Alimuddin Zumla

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2023)

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Article Virology

RT-PCR-based assessment of the SD Bioline Rota/Adeno Antigen-based test in infants with and without diarrhea

Gedeon Prince Manouana, Paul Alvyn Nguema-Moure, Alexandru Tomazatos, Moustapha Nzamba Maloum, C. -Thomas Bock, Peter G. G. Kremsner, Thirumalaisamy P. P. Velavan, Akim Ayola Adegnika, Sandra Niendorf

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VIROLOGY JOURNAL (2023)

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EPI-Net One Health reporting guideline for antimicrobial consumption and resistance surveillance data: a Delphi approach

Nithya Babu Rajendran, Fabiana Arieti, Carla Alejandra Mena-Benitez, Liliana Galia, Maela Tebon, Julio Alvarez, Beryl Primrose Gladstone, Lucie Collineau, Giulia De Angelis, Raquel Duro, William Gaze, Siri Goepel, Souha S. Kanj, Annemarie Kaesbohrer, Direk Limmathurotsakul, Estibaliz Lopez de Abechuco, Elena Mazzolini, Nico T. Mutters, Maria Diletta Pezzani, Elisabeth Presterl, Hanna Renk, Jesus Rodriguez-Bano, Oana Sandulescu, Federico Scali, Robert Skov, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Cuong Vuong, Evelina Tacconelli

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LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE (2023)

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Microsatellite markers for Opisthorchis felineus to understand its genetic diversity and transmission patterns of opisthorchiosis

Aleksey V. Katokhin, Irina V. Saltykova, Claudio De Liberato, Rolf Schuster, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan

Summary: Opisthorchis felineus is a trematode that mainly affects the liver and bile ducts, causing opisthorchiosis and potentially leading to cholangiocarcinoma. Little is known about the genetic structure of this parasite, but this study used microsatellite loci to investigate its genetic diversity and population structure. Analysis revealed at least three distinct populations and proposed a hypothesis about the formation of the present habitat of O. felineus.

PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH (2023)

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Article Virology

High Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Seroprevalence and No Evidence of HEV Viraemia in Vietnamese Blood Donors

Le Chi Cao, Vanessa Martin, Le Thi Kieu Linh, Tran Thi Giang, Ngo Thi Minh Chau, Ton Nu Phuong Anh, Vu Xuan Nghia, Nguyen Trong The, Truong Nhat My, Bui Tien Sy, Nguyen Linh Toan, Le Huu Song, C. -Thomas Bock, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan

Summary: The prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the Vietnamese population is underestimated. A study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of HEV antibodies and the presence of HEV RNA in blood donors. The results showed a high prevalence of HEV antibodies, with a higher risk in older individuals. Although HEV viraemia was not found in blood donors from Northern Vietnam, further surveillance is needed in other regions.

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Tübingen model study: large-scale introduction of rapid antigen testing in the population and the viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2

Jule Ayran, Carsten Koehler, Le Thi Kieu Linh, Gisela Schneider, Srinivas Reddy Pallerla, Florian Battke, Lisa Federle, Peter Martus, Peter G. Kremsner, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan

Summary: Despite contact restrictions, population mobility remains the main reason for the spread of SARS-CoV-2. A model study in Tubingen, Germany evaluated the use of mandatory rapid diagnostic tests to reduce transmission. The study found a positive predictive value of 51% and identified the B.1.1.7 lineage as the predominant variant in positive samples.

FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH (2023)

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COVID-19 in Africa: between hope and reality

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