Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jean Chastre, Bruno Francois, Marc Bourgeois, Apostolos Komnos, Ricard Ferrer, Galia Rahav, Nicolas De Schryver, Alain Lepape, Iftihar Koksal, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Miguel Sanchez-Garcia, Antoni Torres, Philippe Eggimann, Despoina Koulenti, Thomas L. Holland, Omar Ali, Kathryn Shoemaker, Pin Ren, Julien Sauser, Alexey Ruzin, David E. Tabor, Ahmad Akhgar, Yuling Wu, Yu Jiang, Antonio DiGiandomenico, Susan Colbert, Drieke Vandamme, Frank Coenjaerts, Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar, Leen Timbermont, Antonio Oliver, Olivier Barraud, Terramika Bellamy, Marc Bonten, Herman Goossens, Colin Reisner, Mark T. Esser, Hasan S. Jafri
Summary: This study assessed the effectiveness of the bivalent, bispecific monoclonal antibody MEDI3902 in preventing hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results showed that MEDI3902 did not reduce the incidence of pneumonia in Pseudomonas aeruginosa carriers.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jennie Johnstone, John Muscedere, Joanna Dionne, Erick Duan, Bram Rochwerg, John Centofanti, Simon Oczkowski, Francois Lauzier, John Marshall, Diane Heels-Ansdell, Nick Daneman, Sangeeta Mehta, Yaseen Arabi, Nicole Zytaruk, Peter Dodek, Neill K. Adhikari, Tim Karachi, Emmanuel Charbonney, Henry T. Stelfox, Arnold S. Kristof, Ian Ball, Lori Hand, Rob Fowler, Ryan Zarychanski, Charles St Arnaud, Alyson Takaoka, James Kutsogiannis, Kosar Khwaja, Wendy Sligl, Osama Loubani, Jennifer Tsang, Daphnee Lamarche, Dawn Bowdish, Michael Surette, Deborah Cook
Summary: This study aimed to analyze ICU-acquired pneumonia according to 7 definitions and estimate associated hospital mortality. The results showed that the frequency of ICU-acquired pneumonia varied by definition, and it was associated with differential increased risk of death.
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rachael Cusack, Alexis Garduno, Khalid Elkholy, Ignacio Martin-Loeches
Summary: The prevalence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) has been highlighted by the Covid-19 pandemic, underscoring the need for new antimicrobial approaches. This narrative review examines novel investigational drugs for VAP in the ICU setting, including monoclonal antibody treatments and phage antibiotic synthesis. The post-antibiotic era is approaching, emphasizing the importance of infection control measures and personalized medicine for severe infections.
EXPERT OPINION ON INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alvaro Astasio-Picado, Francisco Javier Perdones Jimenez, Miriam Lopez-Sanchez, Jesus Jurado-Palomo, Maria del Carmen Zabala-Banos
Summary: This study aims to study and learn about different preventive measures used to reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), as well as the microorganisms that most frequently cause VAP. The results show the usefulness of various preventive measures against these microorganisms, but further research and training are still required to reduce the incidence and mortality of this pathology.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mingqi Wang, Wen Wang, Xue Jia, Qiao He, Shichao Zhu, Yan Kang, Rui Zhang, Yan Ren, Ling Li, Kang Zou, Zhiyong Zong, Xin Sun
Summary: This study conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the effect of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis on ventilator-associated events (VAEs), ICU stays, and ICU mortality among patients receiving mechanical ventilation. The results showed that pharmacological thromboprophylaxis was associated with a lower risk of VAEs and ICU mortality. Anticoagulants, but not antiplatelet agents, were associated with a decreased risk of VAEs, ICU mortality, and shorter ICU stays. The use of antithrombosis agents may also decrease the risk of VAEs in patients with D-dimer >5 mg/LFEU.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Mackenzie Howatt, Michael Klompas, Andre C. Kalil, Mark L. Metersky, John Muscedere
Summary: Carbapenem-based empiric regimens showed lower mortality rates compared with non-carbapenems, but had a trend toward developing resistance. The mortality benefit was more prominent in trials with lower disease severity and was not associated with the presence of Pseudomonas.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. A. Suaya, M. A. Fletcher, L. Georgalis, A. G. Arguedas, J. M. McLaughlin, G. Ferreira, C. Theilacker, B. D. Gessner, T. Verstraeten
Summary: Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is more severe than community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae in HAP episodes was summarized in this study. S. pneumoniae was identified in 5.1% of HAP episodes, with higher rates in the intensive care unit.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lidia Dalfino, Monica Stufano, Davide Fiore Bavaro, Lucia Diella, Alessandra Belati, Stefania Stolfa, Federica Romanelli, Luigi Ronga, Rosa Di Mussi, Francesco Murgolo, Daniela Loconsole, Maria Chironna, Adriana Mosca, Maria Teresa Montagna, Annalisa Saracino, Salvatore Grasso
Summary: There is a lack of evidence-based, standard antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). This study evaluated the effectiveness of first-line therapy with old and novel CRAB active antibiotics in monomicrobial VAP caused by CRAB. The results showed that timely active therapy improves infection outcomes, and cefiderocol holds promise as a first-line therapeutic option.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Mailis Maes, Ellen Higginson, Joana Pereira-Dias, Martin D. Curran, Surendra Parmar, Fahad Khokhar, Delphine Cuchet-Lourenco, Janine Lux, Sapna Sharma-Hajela, Benjamin Ravenhill, Islam Hamed, Laura Heales, Razeen Mahroof, Amelia Solderholm, Sally Forrest, Sushmita Sridhar, Nicholas M. Brown, Stephen Baker, Vilas Navapurkar, Gordon Dougan, Josefin Bartholdson Scott, Andrew Conway Morris
Summary: This study found that COVID-19 patients were more likely to develop VAP, with 3 cases of invasive aspergillosis identified among them and herpesvirade activation being more frequent. The causative organisms of secondary pneumonia observed were similar between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients, suggesting a link to pulmonary dysbiosis caused by COVID-19.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Arnaud Foucrier, Thomas Dessalle, Sophie Tuffet, Laura Federici, Claire Dahyot-Fizelier, Francois Barbier, Julien Pottecher, Antoine Monsel, Tarik Hissem, Jean-Yves Lefrant, Alexandre Demoule, Jean-Michel Constantin, Alexandra Rousseau, Tabassome Simon, Marc Leone, Adrien Bougle
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate whether combination antibiotic therapy is superior to monotherapy in reducing recurrence and death in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa ventilator-associated pneumonia (PA-VAP). The results showed that although patients in the combination therapy group had longer durations of mechanical ventilation and antibiotic therapy, there were no significant differences in mortality rate and recurrence rate compared to the monotherapy group.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ralitsa Raycheva, Vanya Rangelova, Ani Kevorkyan
Summary: This study aims to assess the direct costs of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The findings confirm that prolonged hospital stays due to VAP result in increased hospital costs.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Louis-Marie Galerneau, Sebastien Bailly, Nicolas Terzi, Stephane Ruckly, Maite Garrouste-Orgeas, Johanna Oziel, Vivien Hong Tua Ha, Marc Gainnier, Shidasp Siami, Claire Dupuis, Jean-Marie Forel, Anais Dartevel, Julien Dessajan, Christophe Adrie, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Virginie Laurent, Laurent Argaud, Jean Reignier, Jean-Louis Pepin, Michael Darmon, Jean-Francois Timsit, OUTCOME REA Network
Summary: This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the occurrence of non-ventilator-associated ICU-acquired pneumonia (NV-ICU-AP) and assess its association with mortality, intubation rates, and length of stay in the ICU. The study found that the incidence of NV-ICU-AP was 10.8 per 1,000 patient-days and it was associated with increased risks of intubation, 28-day mortality, and longer stay in the ICU.
Article
Nursing
Vicent Bankanie, Anne H. Outwater, Li Wan, Li Yinglan
Summary: This study assesses ICU nurses' knowledge, compliance, and barriers towards evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of VAP in Tanzania. Findings show that nurses have low knowledge and compliance levels, with main barriers being lack of skills, inadequate staff, and knowledge deficiency.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jiayi Deng, Fanglin Li, Ningjie Zhang, Yanjun Zhong
Summary: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common acquired infection in the intensive care unit, and COVID-19 patients on mechanical ventilation have a high risk of developing VAP. Prevention is more important than treatment, with measures such as minimizing exposure to mechanical ventilation and early release. Empirical antibiotics are the main treatment, but attention should be paid to the antimicrobial spectrum and duration.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Betsy Joseph, Liviu Steier
Summary: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) has been causing numerous deaths in the intensive care unit (ICU) during COVID-19. Oral biofilm and bacterial contamination from the mouth during endotracheal intubation are the main causes. Bioluminescence-based assays are emerging as potential clinical diagnostic methods. Early detection and management of these infections can effectively reduce mortality and impact the death rate in the ICU due to VAP.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Fayssal Amrane, Bruno Francois, Azeddine Chaiba
Summary: This paper proposes an experimental implementation study of a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) based on efficient Direct Power Control (DPC). It focuses on the stand-alone mode for variable wind speed application using Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG). The study shows that using IP controllers instead of traditional PI controllers and implementing LCL-Type filters can improve the power quality and wind power performance.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ebrahim Rokrok, Taoufik Qoria, Antoine Bruyere, Bruno Francois, Xavier Guillaud
Summary: This paper investigates the transient stability of a grid-forming converter with a current reference saturation strategy. The impact of the current reference angle on transient stability is explored, and analytical formulas for critical clearing angle (CCA) and critical clearing time (CCT) are derived considering different current reference angle values. The optimal value that enhances transient stability and allows mode switching is calculated. Experimental tests validate the theoretical approaches.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Catia Cilloniz, Antoni Torres
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Catia Cilloniz, Anna Motos, Tatiana Castaneda, Albert Gabarrus, Ferran Barbe, Antoni Torres
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rocco Mazzolini, Irene Rodriguez-Arce, Laia Fernandez-Barat, Carlos Pinero-Lambea, Victoria Garrido, Agustin Rebollada-Merino, Anna Motos, Antoni Torres, Maria Jesus Grillo, Luis Serrano, Maria Lluch-Senar
Summary: Engineered bacteria have been developed to effectively treat lung infections and dissolve biofilms associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia. These bacteria have been genetically modified to target and kill harmful bacteria in the lungs, providing a potential new treatment option for respiratory infections.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Huzaifa Ahmad Cheema, Amna Siddiqui, Sidhant Ochani, Alishba Adnan, Mahnoor Sukaina, Ramsha Haider, Abia Shahid, Mohammad Ebad Ur Rehman, Rehmat Ullah Awan, Harpreet Singh, Natalie Duric, Brigitta Fazzini, Antoni Torres, Tamas Szakmany
Summary: A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of awake prone positioning (APP) in non-intubated patients with COVID-19-related acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and to identify the subpopulations that may benefit the most from it. The results showed that APP reduced the risk of intubation in the overall population, especially in patients requiring higher levels of respiratory support in an ICU setting, but did not decrease the overall mortality risk.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Antoni Torres, Blin Nagavci, Stefano Aliberti, Massimo Antonelli, Matteo Bassetti, Lieuwe Bos, James Chalmers, Lennie Derde, Jan de Waele, Jose Garnacho-Montero, Marin Kollef, Carlos Luna, Rosario Menendez, Michael Niederman, Dimitry Ponomarev, Marcos Restrepo, David Rigau, Marcus Schultz, Emmanuele Weiss, Tobias Welte, Richard Wunderink
Summary: The ERS, ESICM, ESCMID and ALAT have developed the first international guidelines for severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP). These guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis, empirical treatment and antibiotic therapy for sCAP.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hemin Golpira, Hassan Bevrani, Arturo Roman Messina, Bruno Francois
Summary: This paper presents a measurement-based under-frequency load shedding scheme that considers time delays, measurement uncertainties, and communication network faults. It proposes an iterative approach using a moving first-degree polynomial function to estimate the frequency nadir and associated time. It also develops a novel method to simultaneously estimate power imbalance and system inertia constant. Furthermore, it investigates a mathematical index to calculate a threshold for power imbalance, and proposes a systematic approach for specifying the amount of load to be shed.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xingyu Yan, Ciwei Gao, Hao Ming, Dhaker Abbes, Bruno Francois
Summary: This paper proposes a multi-VPP energy-sharing mechanism based on the general Nash bargaining theory, which enables VPPs to increase their revenue through peer-to-peer energy transactions and promotes the development of renewable energy resources.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Antoni Torres, Michele Wible, Margaret Tawadrous, Paurus Irani, Gregory G. Stone, Alvaro Quintana, Dmitri Debabov, Margaret Burroughs, Patricia A. Bradford, Marin Kollef
Summary: This post hoc analysis provides evidence of the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime/avibactam in patients with infections caused by beta-lactamase-producing Gram-negative pathogens.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Antoni Torres, Alona Kuraieva, Gregory G. Stone, Catia Cilloniz
Summary: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for a variety of problematic infections in the community and healthcare settings, including pneumonia, with severe disease and high mortality rates. Ceftaroline fosamil has been shown to be a possible alternative treatment for MRSA pneumonia.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrian Ceccato, Marta Camprubi-Rimblas, Lieuwe D. J. Bos, Pedro Povoa, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Carles Forne, Aina Areny-Balaguero, Elena Campana-Duel, Luis Morales-Quinteros, Sara Quero, Paula Ramirez, Mariano Esperatti, Antoni Torres, Lluis Blanch, Antonio Artigas
Summary: The measurement and dynamics of Pancreatic Stone Protein (PSP) do not contribute to the early diagnosis of Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).
Article
Microbiology
Rosario Menendez, Antoni Torres, Pedro Pablo Espana, Jose Alberto Fernandez-Villar, Jose Maria Marimon, Raul Mendez, Catia Cilloniz, Mikel Egurrola, Maribel Botana-Rial, Maria Ercibengoa, Cristina Mendez, Isabel Cifuentes, Bradford D. Gessner
Summary: This study describes the evolution and distribution of serotypes in adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Spain, showing that serotypes included in the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) are the predominant causes of pneumococcal CAP.
Article
Respiratory System
Michael S. Niederman, Antoni Torres
Summary: This review article comprehensively discusses six controversial aspects of severe community-acquired pneumonia, including microbial diagnosis using PCR molecular techniques, the role of biomarkers in initial management, treatment duration, choice between macrolides or quinolones in initial empirical antibiotic therapy, modification of initial empiric therapy based on prediction scores for drug-resistant pathogens, the use of noninvasive mechanical ventilation and high-flow nasal oxygen, and the use of corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiva Amini, Salah Bahramara, Hemin Golpira, Bruno Francois, Joao Soares
Summary: This paper investigates the challenges and solutions for implementing renewable energy microgrids in developing countries, proposing that government should define incentive policies to attract investors, and introducing different policies to reduce total net present cost and carbon dioxide emissions.
