Studies of stress and displacement distribution and the evolution law during rock failure process based on acoustic emission and microseismic monitoring

The evolutions of stress and deformation inside of rock is highly important in studies of the rock failure mechanism but is difficult to obtain via the traditional stress measurement methods due to limited measuring points. Thus, studies of the stress and displacement evolution within rock were conducted based on acoustic emission (AE) monitoring in laboratory experiments. The differences in the distributions and evolution characteristics of the stress field and deformation field before caving in a deep stope were also examined based on in-situ microseismic (MS) monitoring. The results show that the distributions of micro-cracks, apparent stress and deformation inside the rock are highly consistent and can reflect the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of the stress field and deformation field within the rock. The accumulated apparent volume is more accurately than the strain to reflect the changes in inelastic deformation inside the rock. Based on in-situ MS monitoring, MS activities were found to be closely related to blasting disturbances during the caving process. Before a caving of the deep stope, the distributions of stress and displacement showed obvious differences, reflecting the loosening process of the rock mass. The non-uniformity and the differences in the stress and deformation can deepen the understanding of the rock (mass) failure process.