期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 21, 期 12, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124255
关键词
exosomes; stem cells; collagen deposition; inflammation; acute liver injury; chronic liver damage
资金
- grant from Terapie avanzate per processi fibrotici cronici (Progetto EV-ER, Regione Piemonte) [320-40]
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous population of small membrane vesicles released by all types of cells in both physiological and pathological conditions. EVs shuttle different types of molecules and are able to modify the behavior of target cells by various mechanisms of action. In this review, we have summarized the papers present in the literature, to our acknowledge, that reported the EV effects on liver diseases. EVs purified from serum, stem cells, and hepatocytes were investigated in different experimental in vivo models of liver injury and in particular of liver fibrosis. Despite the different EV origin and the different types of injury (toxic, ischemic, diet induced, and so on), EVs showed an anti-fibrotic effect. In particular, EVs had the capacities to inhibit activation of hepatic stellate cells, one of the major players of liver fibrosis development; to reduce inflammation and apoptosis; to counteract the oxidative stress; and to increase hepatocyte proliferation, contributing to reducing fibrosis and ameliorating liver function and morphology.
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