Article
Virology
Baris Otlu, Yusuf Yakupogullari, Elif S. Tanriverdi, Yasar Bayindir
Summary: The study found that patients with a prior eCoV infection had a lower prevalence of COVID-19 and those who were infected did not exhibit severe symptoms requiring hospitalization, even with underlying conditions. These results suggest that prior eCoV infection may lead to a milder course of COVID-19, providing insights for future vaccine development studies.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Mohadeseh Haji Abdolvahab, Shima Moradi-kalbolandi, Mohammad Zarei, Deepanwita Bose, Keivan Majidzadeh-A, Leila Farahmand
Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a public health crisis originating from bats and transmitted to humans. The disease is mainly spread through respiratory means with an incubation period of 2-14 days, with symptoms including fever, sore throat, and cough. Treatment focuses on supportive care and interferons, with combination therapy potentially being more effective.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Irina Kontsevaya, Maria C. Leoni, Patrizia Ferrante, Elisa Fronti, Laura Gerna, Caterina Valdatta, Alessandra Donisi, Alberto Faggi, Franco Paolillo, Giovanna Ratti, Alessandro Ruggieri, Marta Scotti, Daria Sacchini, Gloria Taliani, Mauro Codeluppi
Summary: This study investigated 218 patients treated at the medical departments of Piacenza Hospital in Italy from February 21st to May 15th, 2020, and found that patients were generally older, with comorbidities, and most had acute respiratory distress syndrome and extensive lung involvement on admission. The use of antivirals and corticosteroids did not show a significant impact on survival rates.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Horby, Wei Shen Lim, Jonathan R. Emberson, Marion Mafham, Jennifer L. Bell, Louise Linsell, Natalie Staplin, Christopher Brightling, Andrew Ustianowski, Einas Elmahi, Benjamin Prudon, Christopher Green, Timothy Felton, David Chadwick, Kanchan Rege, Christopher Fegan, Lucy C. Chappell, Saul N. Faust, Thomas Jaki, Katie Jeffery, Alan Montgomery, Kathryn Rowan, Edmund Juszczak, J. Kenneth Baillie, Richard Haynes, Martin J. Landray
Summary: In patients hospitalized with Covid-19, the use of dexamethasone resulted in lower 28-day mortality among those who were receiving either invasive mechanical ventilation or oxygen alone at randomization but not among those receiving no respiratory support.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip, Grace Chung-Yan Lui, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Viola Chi-Ying Chow, Tracy Hang-Yee Ho, Timothy Chun-Man Li, Yee-Kit Tse, David Shu-Cheong Hui, Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Grace Lai-Hung Wong
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed liver biochemistry data of patients infected with different human coronaviruses, finding that ALT/AST elevation was common in COVID-19 patients and independently associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Use of lopinavir-ritonavir, with or without ribavirin, interferon beta and/or corticosteroids was also independently associated with ALT/AST elevation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jae-Woo Ju, Jiwon You, Hyunsook Hong, Chang Kyung Kang, Won Ho Kim, Ho-Jin Lee
Summary: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of enhanced in-hospital infection prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic on postoperative pneumonia in older surgical patients. A retrospective review of electronic medical records was conducted for patients aged ≥70 who underwent elective surgery between 2017 and 2021. The study found that although there was a decreasing trend in the monthly incidence rate of postoperative pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic, the difference was not statistically significant.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Harri Hemila, Angelique M. E. de Man
Summary: Vitamin C has shown to prevent and alleviate viral infections in numerous animal studies and placebo-controlled trials with humans, especially in respiratory virus infections. High doses of vitamin C are needed to increase plasma levels in critically ill patients, which has been shown to reduce ICU stay and mortality rates in sepsis patients. Vitamin C may have beneficial effects on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) complicating COVID-19 pneumonia.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chienhsiu Huang
Summary: The study revealed a significant decrease in the number of children diagnosed with non-COVID-19 community-acquired pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in the age group of 2-5 years. The interventions applied to control the COVID-19 outbreak not only affected seasonal influenza activity but also led to a marked reduction in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia cases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrea Busnelli, Alessandro Bulfoni, Andrea Caprotti, Stefano Acerboni, Paolo Emanuele Levi-Setti
Summary: This case reported a severe post-partum pneumonia with Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia, which showed COVID-19 hallmarks during recovery, leading to a conclusion of novel Coronavirus pneumonia. It supports the hypothesis that Coronavirus may have circulated in northern Italy before its official detection.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Fayyaz ur Rehman, Chaudhary Fariha, Aqsa Anwar, Naveed Shahzad, Munir Ahmad, Salma Mukhtar, Muhammad Farhan Ul Haque
Summary: COVID-19, caused by a novel coronavirus, is a global pandemic that is ongoing. Despite the repurposing of several drugs, no specific antiviral medication has been approved for treatment yet.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Edem Allado, Mathias Poussel, Simon Valentin, Antoine Kimmoun, Bruno Levy, Duc Trung Nguyen, Cecile Rumeau, Bruno Chenuel
Summary: During the COVID-19 crisis, healthcare systems worldwide are facing unprecedented challenges in managing critically ill patients, requiring caregivers to have a solid understanding of physiological principles to properly intubate, manage mechanical ventilation, and wean patients off ventilators in a timely manner. This review aims to assist healthcare providers in handling respiratory support based on recent knowledge in the pathophysiology of respiratory SARS-CoV-2 infection.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Oscar Arrieta, Luis Lara-Mejia, Elysse Bautista-Gonzalez, David Heredia, Jenny G. Turcott, Feliciano Barron, Maritza Ramos-Ramirez, Luis Cabrera-Miranda, Miguel Angel Salinas Padilla, Mercedes Aguerrebere, Andres F. Cardona, Christian Rolfo, Marisol Arroyo-Hernandez, Enrique Soto-Perez-de-Celis, Renata Baez-Saldana
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on patients with thoracic cancer, with treatment modifications being common in Mexico. Mental health disorders may play a role in patients' adherence to the original treatment regimen.
Article
Immunology
Xiaowei Deng, Juan Yang, Wei Wang, Xiling Wang, Jiaxin Zhou, Zhiyuan Chen, Jing Li, Yinzi Chen, Han Yan, Juanjuan Zhang, Yongli Zhang, Yan Wang, Qi Qiu, Hui Gong, Xianglin Wei, Lili Wang, Kaiyuan Sun, Peng Wu, Marco Ajelli, Benjamin J. Cowling, Cecile Viboud, Hongjie Yu
Summary: Our study on the case fatality risk of COVID-19 in mainland China found that the national CFR was 5.65%, with the highest in Wuhan (7.71%) and lowest in provinces outside Hubei (0.86%). Critical patients had a 3.6 times higher fatality risk compared to all patients, and the risk was between 0.8 to 10.3 times higher than that of mild-to-severe patients. Older age and being male were identified as risk factors for mortality. Additionally, time intervals from symptom onset to first healthcare consultation, to laboratory confirmation, and to hospitalization were longer for deceased patients than for those who recovered.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Acoustics
Wenli Jiang, Xia Zhao, Tian Gan, Ying Liu, Shuilian Luo, Meifang Zhu, Sikai Chen, Yu Jiang, Meng Wu
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the accuracy of ultrasonic diagnosis using the tele-ultrasound robot in Leishen Shan Hospital. The results showed that the tele-ultrasound robot method had comparable accuracy to the conventional method in diagnosing common diseases in COVID-19 patients.
JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Evdokia Gavrielatou, Katerina Vaporidi, Vasiliki Tsolaki, Nikos Tserlikakis, George E. Zakynthinos, Eleni Papoutsi, Aikaterini Maragkuti, Athina G. Mantelou, Dimitrios Karayiannis, Zafeiria Mastora, Dimitris Georgopoulos, Epaminondas Zakynthinos, Christina Routsi, Spyros G. Zakynthinos, Edward J. Schenck, Anastasia Kotanidou, Ilias I. Siempos
Summary: Rapidly improving ARDS is not prevalent and is not associated with good prognosis among patients with COVID-19. Persistent severe ARDS has a higher prevalence and mortality rate.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Soundhar Arumugam, Jayakrishna Kandasamy, Subramani Venkatesan, Rajesh Murugan, Valayapathy Lakshmi Narayanan, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Farah Syazwani Shahar, Ain Umaira Md Shah, Tabrej Khan, Tamer Ali Sebaey
Summary: The study aims to examine the impact of reinforcements on the strength of natural fiber composites. Recent advancements in natural fiber composites have reduced the usage of man-made fibers in structural applications. However, the large variations in the strength and modulus of natural fibers degrade the properties of composites and lower the safety level of structures. Enriching the strength and modulus of natural fiber reinforcement is significant for real-time applications without compromising safety. Reinforcing natural fibers in woven, braided, and knit forms enhances their structural properties and improves the properties of composites. The article also reviews the effect of hybridization with other fibers on the mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, and free vibration characteristics of natural fiber composites.
Article
Polymer Science
Sakthi Balan Ganapathy, Aravind Raj Sakthivel, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Farah Syazwani Shahar, Ain Umaira Md Shah, Tabrej Khan, Tamer A. Sebaey
Summary: This study examines the mechanical characteristics of polymer composites made from plastics and Prosopis juliflora thorn powder. It is found that using thorn powder as filler reduces the number of pores in the composite, increasing water resistance and wear resistance.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sami Salama Hussen Hajjaj, Ahmad Abdul Kareem Ahmad Aqeel, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Farah Syazwani Shahar, Ain Umaira Md Shah
Summary: The growing global need for energy has led to increased use of fossil energy sources, resulting in pollution and a decline in these sources. To address this, there is a need to search for renewable energy sources, with solar energy being one of the most important options. Enhancing the efficiency of photovoltaic cells is crucial for them to become a promising source of clean energy. Cooling technology plays a vital role in improving the efficiency and lifespan of solar PV systems. Integrating nanomaterials, such as cellulose nanocrystals, with traditional cooling materials has shown potential in improving the thermal properties of cooling materials.
Article
Polymer Science
Thinesh Sharma Balakrishnan, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Jesuarockiam Naveen, Farah Syazwani Shahar, Muhammad Imran Najeeb, Ain Umaira Md Shah, Tabrej Khan, Tamer Ali Sebaey
Summary: This research used the analytical hierarchy process to select the most suitable natural fiber as reinforcement in hybrid pultruded FRP composites. Among 13 alternatives, kenaf was found to be the most suitable reinforcement for the application.
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Elias Randjbaran, Dayang Laila Abdul Majid, M. T. H. Sultan, Norkhairunnisa Mazlan, Rizal Zahari
Summary: The present study investigated the tensile strength of laminates made of carbon/Kevlar hybrid reinforced fiber with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) post oblique impacts. The inclusion of CNTs showed a decrease in tensile toughness but potential reinforcement in the high modulus/strength of the composite laminate specimens. The findings suggested that 0.7% CNTs had the maximum tensile toughness values, while 1.5% CNTs had the highest values of Young modulus and tensile strength.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tamil Moli Loganathan, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Qumrul Ahsan, Mohammad Jawaid, Jesuarockiam Naveen, Ain Umaira Md Shah, Abd Rahim Abu Talib, Adi Azriff Basri
Summary: This research investigates the thermal, visco-elastic, and fire-retardant properties of hybrid Cytostachys Renda/kenaf fiber-reinforced phenolic composites. The results show that the composite with 15% CR and 35% K exhibits the best fire-retardant performance.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Farah Hanan, Tabrej Khan, Mohammad Jawaid, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Tamer Sebaey, Balbir Singh, Siti Noorbaini Sarmin
Summary: Natural fiber-based materials are widely used as substitutes for synthetic fibers in the composite sector. Experimental study showed that pure kenaf composite has the best complex modulus and thermal stability, making kenaf fibers suitable for aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering applications requiring high dimensional stability and excellent mechanical properties.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Walid Abotbina, S. M. Sapuan, R. A. Ilyas, M. T. H. Sultan, M. F. M. Alkbir, S. Sulaiman, M. M. Harussani, Emin Bayraktar
Summary: The increased use of petroleum resources and the associated environmental issues have led to the acceptance of natural fibers and biopolymers as green materials. Cassava, a versatile plant, is used for various purposes including the production of biocomposites, biopolymers, and biofibers. This review paper provides an overview of the latest developments in bioethanol compounds from cassava, as well as the fabrication of cassava fibers and starch into blend polymers, biocomposites, and hybrid composites. The potential industrial applications of cassava fibers and biopolymers are also highlighted, including food, bioenergy, packaging, and automotive.
Article
Polymer Science
Muhamad Hasfanizaam Mat Yazik, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Mohammad Jawaid, Norkhairunnisa Mazlan, Abd Rahim Abu Talib, Ain Umaira Md Shah, Syafiqah Nur Azrie Safri
Summary: This study investigates the shape memory properties of a shape memory epoxy polymer (SMEP) nanocomposite incorporated with a hybrid of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and montmorillonite nanoclay (MMT). The nanocomposites were characterized through cyclic thermomechanical tests and fold-deploy tests. The inclusion of the hybrid nanofiller resulted in a decrease in shape recovery, except for the SMEP nanocomposite. The recovery through thermal and electrically activated methods showed similar profiles, with electrically activated recovery reacting faster. The effect of nanofiller inclusion was more prominent in the thermal activation method. The hybrid filler SMEP nanocomposite with 3 wt.% MMT and 1.0 wt.% MWCNT exhibited better shape memory properties. These findings provide guidance for selecting nanofiller loadings based on performance for specific applications in industries such as aerospace, medical, and automotive.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Khairul Anuar Wahid, Irfan Abdul Rahim, Syafiqah Nur Azrie Safri, Ahmad Hamdan Ariffin
Summary: This study investigates the effect of ultrasonic pre-treatment on the annealing and growth temperatures of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods. Ultrasonic pre-treatment allowed for successful growth of ZnO nanorods at a low annealing temperature of 40°C. The size and density of ZnO nanorods increased with longer ultrasonic treatment duration, as observed through scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the conductivity and acidity of the treated solution increased with longer ultrasonic treatment, and the zinc nutrient concentration was also affected, influencing the formation of ZnO nanorods. The annealing temperature influenced the nucleation sites essential for ZnO nanorod expansion.
Review
Engineering, Mechanical
B. Bilvatej, J. Naveen, N. Karthikeyan, M. N. F. Norrrahim, Victor Feizal Knight, M. Jawaid, M. T. H. Sultan, Mallikarjuna Reddy Dagalahal, M. Chandrasekar, Tamil Moli Loganathan
Summary: The use of asbestos in brake pads is being eliminated due to its carcinogenic effect. The development of brake pads based on natural fibers/fillers as alternatives have shown excellent performance compared to asbestos. This research investigates different brake pad compositions and manufacturing techniques, analyzing the impact of common binders on mechanical, tribological, and thermal performance. The study also delves into the performance of metal matrix-based brake pads.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART J-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TRIBOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Navaneetha Krishna Chandran, Mohammed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Andrzej Lukaszewicz, Farah Syazwani Shahar, Andriy Holovatyy, Wojciech Giernacki
Summary: The usage of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is rapidly increasing worldwide due to their efficiency and reduced workload in various industries. However, to ensure the safe operation of UAVs, proper anti-collision systems are essential. This article provides a comprehensive overview of anti-collision technologies for UAVs, including obstacle detection, collision prediction, and collision avoidance methods.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jan Lean Tai, Rafal Grzejda, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Andrzej Lukaszewicz, Farah Syazwani Shahar, Wojciech Tarasiuk, Arkadiusz Rychlik
Summary: Petrochemical plants often use on-stream inspection to monitor corrosion in equipment and piping systems. Phased array corrosion mapping is a more effective method compared to other techniques in detecting both general and localized corrosion. The objective of this paper is to gather evidence for the accuracy of corrosion detection on A36 low-carbon steel within a temperature range of 30°C to 250°C using simulation experiments. Although the experiments addressed initial concerns, further studies should expand the investigation to include thicker carbon steel, stainless steel, and other materials.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jan Lean Tai, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Andrzej Lukaszewicz, Farah Syazwani Shahar, Wojciech Tarasiuk, Jerzy Napiorkowski
Summary: This study aims to determine the ultrasonic velocity and attenuation with known material grade, thickness, and temperatures by comparing theoretical calculation and experimentation. The experimental data of velocity and decibel change from the temperature range provide a reference for future corrosion status determination.
