Article
Agronomy
L. Lake, Y. S. Chauhan, J. J. Ojeda, C. M. Cossani, D. Thomas, P. T. Hayman, V. O. Sadras
Summary: This study conducted phenological modeling for lentil and faba beans in 45 Australian locations to investigate the impact of frost and heat on crop yield. The models accurately predicted time to flowering, with frost being a stronger determinant of location variability compared to heat. With realized warming trends, the critical period for yield determination has shifted earlier, highlighting the importance of adaptation to frost for pulse crop production.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Hongjuan Zhang, Zhicheng Zhang, Kang Liu, Chunbo Huang, Guanpeng Dong
Summary: This study integrated three trade-off types for ecosystem services (ES) and established an analytical framework, which was then applied to the Fenghe River watershed in China. The results showed obvious trade-offs between food provision and water yield, carbon sequestration, and soil retention; weak conflicts between environmental experts and other stakeholders; and trade-offs between soil retention and food provision, water yield, carbon sequestration, and eco-recreation. Based on the supply-demand match perspective, deficits were found for food provision, water yield, and carbon sequestration in the northern urban areas, while surpluses existed in the southern areas. The Fenghe River watershed was divided into 10 land use management zones based on the spatial characteristics of these trade-offs.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. Samantha Sherman, Colin A. Simpfendorfer, Nathan Pacoureau, Jay H. Matsushiba, Helen F. Yan, Rachel H. L. Walls, Cassandra L. Rigby, Wade J. VanderWright, Rima W. Jabado, Riley A. Pollom, John K. Carlson, Patricia Charvet, Ahmad Bin Ali, Fahmi, Jessica Cheok, Danielle H. Derrick, Katelyn B. Herman, Brittany Finucci, Tyler D. Eddy, Maria Lourdes D. Palomares, Christopher G. Avalos-Castillo, Bineesh Kinattumkara, Maria-del-Pilar Blanco-Parra, Dharmadi, Mario Espinoza, Daniel Fernando, Alifa B. Haque, Paola A. Mejia-Falla, Andres F. Navia, Juan Carlos Perez-Jimenez, Jean Utzurrum, Ranny R. Yuneni, Nicholas K. Dulvy
Summary: Sharks and rays play important roles in coral reef ecosystems, but many populations of these species are declining and facing local extinctions. This study uses the IUCN Red List to assess the status and threats to coral reef sharks and rays worldwide, revealing that nearly two-thirds of these species are threatened with extinction. Overfishing, climate change, and habitat degradation are the main causes of this risk. Urgent action is needed, including local protections, fisheries management, and Marine Protected Areas, to prevent extinctions and the loss of critical ecosystem function provided by sharks and rays.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kirsten Halsnaes, Shreya Some, Minal Pathak
Summary: Mitigation actions for achieving the goals of the Paris agreement should be aligned with sustainable development. The paper highlights the trade-offs between mitigation and sustainable development goals, including costs and equity considerations in different contexts. Knowledge gaps exist in understanding the trade-offs associated with scaling up mitigation options, benefits distribution among different groups, consideration of local contexts, and cross-sectoral policy synergies and trade-offs.
SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Changsoon Choi, Pam Berry, Alison Smith
Summary: Climate change poses risks to natural and human systems, prompting the need for solutions such as green infrastructure (GI). While the climate benefits of GI have been studied extensively, the connections between these benefits, co-benefits, and trade-offs remain unclear. This study systematically reviews evidence from 141 papers to provide a comprehensive overview of these linkages, categorizing GI types along a green-grey continuum for easy access by researchers and practitioners. Furthermore, the analysis includes recommendations for maximizing benefits and minimizing trade-offs to promote climate-resilient pathways through GI.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiayi Wang, Yu Cao, Xiaoqian Fang, Guoyu Li, Yu Cao
Summary: This study proposed a rural landscape services system, assessed the landscape services capabilities at village scale, and found trade-offs and synergies along urban-rural and terrain gradients. The majority of villages showed trade-offs in landscape services, while synergies were largely observed in the middle and eastern regions of the study area.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ante Ivcevic, Isabel Estrela Rego, Rui Gaspar, Vania Statzu
Summary: Islands, such as the Azores, are important socio-ecological laboratories for understanding the rapidity of global change. The unique geological and climatic conditions of the Azores provide an opportunity to assess risk awareness and mitigation strategies for natural hazards. The study conducted on the Azorean population found a significant positive relationship between risk awareness-raising activities and reported mitigation strategies, highlighting the importance of local perceptions and actions in managing risks.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Adriano Mazziotta, Paulo Borges, Annika Kangas, Panu Halme, Kyle Eyvindson
Summary: Economically-oriented forestry aims to sustain timber harvest revenues, while ecologically-oriented management supplies suitable habitat for deadwood-dependent species. Planning for economic and ecological sustainability involves compromise and trade-offs. This study analyzes the spatial trade-offs between economic value from timber harvesting and volume of deadwood in boreal forests, considering landscape characteristics, forest management, and uncertainty in inventory errors.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Leonie Rettig, Lea Gaertner, Harald Schoen
Summary: Policy support often focuses on isolated policy goals, but in reality, policies have multiple implications. This study examines how people react when policies have negative implications for other valued goals, considering both their support and certainty. Using survey experiment data from Germany in 2020, we find that people decrease their support and certainty when faced with negative implications for vulnerable groups. This effect is influenced by individuals' climate change concern and support for government assistance. These findings contribute to understanding policy decision-making and have implications for measuring public support and developing effective climate policies.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lina Wang, Enyi Yu, Shuang Li, Xiao Fu, Gang Wu
Summary: The ecosystem services in the Ulansuhai Basin show significant regional variations, with an overall increasing trend from 2000 to 2018. There is a dominant trade-off relationship between different ecosystem services, and trade-offs and synergies are strengthening to a certain extent.
Article
Soil Science
Marie J. Zwetsloot, Jeroen van Leeuwen, Lia Hemerik, Henk Martens, Iolanda Simo Josa, Marijn Van de Broek, Marko Debeljak, Michiel Rutgers, Taru Sanden, David P. Wall, Arwyn Jones, Rachel E. Creamer
Summary: Societal demands for food security and environmental sustainability have prompted the study of synergies and trade-offs between soil functions across Europe. The research found that managing and monitoring soil multifunctionality is feasible, but there are constraints and trade-offs between soil functions. Nutrient cycling, biodiversity, and climate regulation are less frequently delivered at high capacity compared to primary productivity and water regulation. Synergies and trade-offs between soil functions vary by climatic zone and land-use type.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chris D. Hewitt, Roger Stone
Summary: The Earth's climate and its changes have significant impacts on our lives and economy, with climate services playing a crucial role in managing risks and opportunities. Collaboration and co-production are essential for creating climate services based on credible knowledge and promoting dialogue across the value chain.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Konstantin Gregor, Thomas Knoke, Andreas Krause, Christopher P. O. Reyer, Mats Lindeskog, Phillip Papastefanou, Benjamin Smith, Anne-Sofie Lanso, Anja Rammig
Summary: Forests play a crucial role in mitigating climate change by storing carbon and reducing emissions. They also provide other important ecosystem services, but are vulnerable to climate change. Climate-smart forestry combines mitigation and adaptation, while ensuring the provision of ecosystem services. However, uncertainties about future climate pose challenges. This study assesses how various ecosystem services can be guaranteed under different climate futures in Europe, highlighting trade-offs and the need for concrete strategies.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Genevieve Hadida, Zakari Ali, Thomas Kastner, Tony W. Carr, Andrew M. Prentice, Rosemary Green, Pauline Scheelbeek
Summary: The coexistence of under- and overnutrition is a growing public health concern in The Gambia. The reliance on other climate-vulnerable countries for the supply of nutritionally important crops and the projected water stress in the future pose significant challenges to the availability and affordability of these crops.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
E. A. Moallemi, S. H. Hosseini, S. Eker, L. Gao, E. Bertone, K. Szetey, B. A. Bryan
Summary: Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires managing complex interactions. Traditional methods of interaction analysis are often insufficient and too complex for decision-makers. This article introduces a flexible and practical approach called archetype analysis, which aims to help researchers and policymakers analyze interactions between different goals.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Keyvan Malek, Patrick Reed, Harrison Zeff, Andrew Hamilton, Melissa Wrzesien, Natan Holtzman, Scott Steinschneider, Jonathan Herman, Tamlin Pavelsky
Summary: This study demonstrates the significant impact that even modest projection errors can have on water resource assessments in California's irrigation districts. Errors in land-surface models (LSMs) projections of flood and drought extremes are found to be interactive across timescales and can be amplified when modeling infrastructure systems. Common strategies for reducing errors in deterministic LSM projections can distort projections of climate vulnerabilities and misrepresent their financial consequences.
JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andrew L. Hamilton, Gregory W. Characklis, Patrick M. Reed
Summary: Hydrologic variability presents financial challenges for organizations relying on water, but support for managing related financial risks is limited. This paper demonstrates the utility of Evolutionary Multi-Objective Direct Policy Search for developing adaptive policies to manage drought-related financial risk for hydropower producers.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Rohini S. Gupta, Scott Steinschneider, Patrick M. Reed
Summary: This study proposes a novel approach to reconstruct the frequency of regional weather regimes in the Western US based on tree-ring data. The reconstructed weather regimes show significant variability and are consistent with previous findings on megadroughts and pluvials. This study provides important insights into the natural atmospheric variability that can impact Western US weather.
Article
Engineering, Civil
David E. Gorelick, David F. Gold, Patrick M. Reed, Gregory W. Characklis
Article
Engineering, Civil
Antonia Hadjimichael, Jim Yoon, Patrick Reed, Nathalie Voisin, Wenwei Xu
Summary: Efforts in developing and simulating water resources models have grown rapidly in recent years to aid in evaluating and planning for water scarcity and allocation. This study examines two representative models from different communities to assess their consistency in evaluating water scarcity vulnerabilities. Results show that the regional-scale model underestimates the variability in vulnerabilities at a smaller scale, while the basin-scale water systems model suggests a larger variance of scarcity due to its more detailed accounting of local water allocation infrastructure and institutional processes. This comparison highlights the limitations of large-scale studies and the role of basin-scale models in informing water allocation and shortage strategies when used in conjunction with larger-scale hydrological modeling studies.
JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
David E. E. Gorelick, David F. F. Gold, Tirusew Asefa, Sandro Svrdlin, Hui Wang, Nisai Wanakule, Patrick M. M. Reed, Gregory W. W. Characklis
Summary: Water managers need to balance investment in infrastructure upgrades for reliable water supply and affordable water rates. However, few studies have quantified the financial benchmarks of water supply system adaptation. This study introduces a modeling framework that couples adaptive water supply planning with financial modeling to track utility budgetary decision making in response to infrastructure expansion and water demand growth. Through evaluation of infrastructure planning for Tampa Bay Water, the study showcases the financial implications of infrastructure decisions and demand growth on water rates.
JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tim H. J. Hermans, Victor Malagon-Santos, Caroline A. Katsman, Robert A. Jane, D. J. Rasmussen, Marjolijn Haasnoot, Gregory G. Garner, Robert E. Kopp, Michael Oppenheimer, Aimee B. A. Slangen
Summary: Sea-level rise increases the likelihood of exceeding local protection infrastructure, and the authors propose a method to determine when the degree of local protection decreases. This study projects the timing of extreme sea level frequency amplification relative to estimated local flood protection standards. Results show that within the next 30 years, the frequency of exceeding protection standards will significantly increase at a high proportion of tide gauges under different emissions scenarios.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Robert E. E. Kopp, Michael Oppenheimer, Jessica L. L. O'Reilly, Sybren S. S. Drijfhout, Tamsin L. L. Edwards, Baylor Fox-Kemper, Gregory G. G. Garner, Nicholas R. R. Golledge, Tim H. J. Hermans, Helene T. T. Hewitt, Benjamin P. P. Horton, Gerhard Krinner, Dirk Notz, Sophie Nowicki, Matthew D. D. Palmer, Aimee B. A. Slangen, Cunde Xiao
Summary: Future sea-level change has both quantifiable and unquantifiable uncertainties, and effectively communicating these uncertainties is a key challenge in translating sea-level science for coastal planning. Scientific assessments have taken different approaches to communicate sea-level projection uncertainty, and this information influenced the presentation of uncertainties in the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. The goal is to preserve both quantifiable and unquantifiable elements as projections are adapted for regional application.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hongxiang Yan, Ning Sun, Hisham Eldardiry, Travis B. Thurber, Patrick M. Reed, Keyvan Malek, Rohini Gupta, Daniel Kennedy, Sean C. Swenson, Zhangshuan Hou, Yanyan Cheng, Jennie S. Rice
Summary: In this study, the benchmarking of CLM5 streamflow predictions using default hydrologic parameters was conducted for 464 headwater basins in the conterminous United States (CONUS). The results revealed relatively poor streamflow prediction skill of CLM5 in arid Southwest and Central U.S. regions. The impacts of hydrologic parameter uncertainty on CLM5 streamflow predictions vary in complex ways across U.S. regions, timescales, and flow regimes.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongxiang Yan, Ning Sun, Hisham Eldardiry, Travis B. Thurber, Patrick M. Reed, Keyvan Malek, Rohini Gupta, Daniel Kennedy, Sean C. Swenson, Linying Wang, Dan Li, Chris R. Vernon, Casey D. Burleyson, Jennie S. Rice
Summary: We conducted a comprehensive hydrological parameter uncertainty characterization of CLM5 over the hydroclimatic gradients of the conterminous United States using five meteorological datasets. The key datasets produced from this experiment include benchmark data of CLM5 default hydrological performance, parameter sensitivities for 28 hydrological metrics, and large-ensemble outputs for CLM5 hydrological predictions. These datasets will assist CLM5 calibration, support evaluations of drought and flood vulnerabilities, and help identify conditions where parametric uncertainties have substantial effects on hydrological predictions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Timothy A. Shaw, Tanghua Li, Trina Ng, Niamh Cahill, Stephen Chua, Jedrzej M. Majewski, Yudhishthra Nathan, Gregory G. Garner, Robert E. Kopp, Till J. J. Hanebuth, Adam D. Switzer, Benjamin P. Horton
Summary: Low elevation equatorial and tropical coastal regions are at high risk due to sea level rise. Based on regional geological reconstructions and instrumental records, we provide probability perspectives of future sea level for Singapore. The quantification of sea-level change reveals that during the last deglaciation, sea level rose by approximately 121 m and had an average rate of 15 mm/yr, resulting in a reduction of the paleogeographic landscape by about 2.3 million km(2). Projections suggest that under a moderate emissions scenario, sea level is expected to rise by 0.95 m at a rate of 7.3 mm/yr by 2150, which has only been exceeded during rapid ice mass loss events similar to 14.5 and similar to 9 thousand years ago. However, projections under a high emissions scenario incorporating uncertain ice-sheet processes have no precedent during the last deglaciation.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jose M. Rodriguez-Flores, Rohini S. Gupta, Harrison B. Zeff, Patrick M. Reed, Josue Medellin-Azuara
Summary: This study investigates the application of Evolutionary Multi-Objective Direct Policy Search (EMODPS) in groundwater management for irrigation systems. The findings demonstrate that adaptive irrigation policies can achieve flexible groundwater management that balances revenue and sustainability goals.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
David F. Gold, Patrick M. Reed, David E. Gorelick, Gregory W. Characklis
Summary: Regionalization approaches are necessary strategies for managing drought risks and co-investing in infrastructure. However, they also bring new challenges to water supply planning. The DU PathwaysERAS framework provides an integrated approach to evaluate policy outcomes and explore power relationships in cooperative infrastructure policies.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lillian B. Lau, Patrick M. Reed, David F. Gold
Summary: Urban water utilities are exploring cooperative regional water supply strategies to address climate change and increasing demands. However, there is little research on how uncertainties in cooperative actions affect infrastructure investment and management, and the risks involved. To address this, a framework called DU(SOS)Pathways is introduced to analyze the effects of uncertainties in cooperative regional water supply policies. The framework reveals the effects of uncertainties on short-term and long-term decision-making, and highlights the potential for increased regional conflicts and vulnerabilities. Overall, the framework provides guidance for cooperative policy implementation in regional water supply systems.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sai Veena Sunkara, Riddhi Singh, David Gold, Patrick Reed, Ajay Bhave
Summary: Robustness analysis is important for large-scale water infrastructure projects facing uncertain futures, but it is challenging to identify an appropriate metric due to diverse actors and interests. In this study, different water transfer strategies for a megaproject in India were compared using various evaluation methods, showing that metric choices significantly impact the rankings of strategies.