Review
Behavioral Sciences
Lu Huang, Ding-Qiao Xu, Yan-Yan Chen, Shi-Jun Yue, Yu-Ping Tang
Summary: Leonurine, the main alkaloid in Leonurus japonicus, has a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis. Despite its significant role in treating cardiovascular and central nervous system diseases, shortcomings such as low bioavailability need to be addressed through structural modification.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Ke Chen, Si Sun, Junying Wang, Xiao-Dong Zhang
Summary: The central nervous system is crucial for human health, and the treatment of CNS diseases is essential. Artificial enzymes offer high stability and catalytic activity, showing great potential for treating neuroinflammation and other disorders.
COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Tianwang Guan, Zicong Qiu, Miao Su, Jinming Yang, Yongshi Tang, Yanting Jiang, Dunchen Yao, Yanxian Lai, Yanfang Li, Cheng Liu
Summary: The study found that PCNSL patients undergoing chemotherapy have a lower risk of CVD compared to those not receiving chemotherapy, as well as NCNSL patients receiving chemotherapy. The risk of CVD was reduced in PCNSL patients over 60 years old and those diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 receiving chemotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Catarina Goncalves, Jose A. Parraca, Jorge Bravo, Ana Abreu, Joao Pais, Armando Raimundo, Vicente Javier Clemente-Suarez
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of different exercise trainings on physiological parameters in cardiac patients. The results showed that cardiac patients had significantly higher central nervous system fatigue in moderate-intensity continuous training compared to healthy participants, but similar central nervous system fatigue in high-intensity interval training. The high-intensity interval training protocol showed better physiological responses during exercise in cardiac patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Santhosh Sethuramanujam, Akihiro Matsumoto, Geoff deRosenroll, Benjamin Murphy-Baum, J. Michael McIntosh, Miao Jing, Yulong Li, David Berson, Keisuke Yonehara, Gautam B. Awatramani
Summary: The study reveals that acetylcholine signals are transmitted through a rapid co-activation mechanism, activating receptors on multiple neurons surrounding the release site. Additionally, while acetylcholine signals are direction-selective locally, they do not show global directionality, facilitating information transfer at a local scale.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Wenjie Zhang, Yuan Chen, Hui Pei
Summary: C1q is an essential component of the complement system, performing non-specific immune functions and playing a crucial role in immune homeostasis and normal physiological functions. In the developing central nervous system, C1q is involved in synapse formation, pruning, and the development of neuronal networks. C1q has a close relationship with microglia and astrocytes and may contribute to the development of CNS disorders. Clinical trials are already underway for CNS disorders, highlighting the potential therapeutic target of C1q.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bowen Jia, Jing Li, Yiting Song, Chengliang Luo
Summary: Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and has been implicated in various diseases, including nervous system diseases and injuries. ACSL4, a member of the ACSLs family, is involved in the regulation of arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, leading to ferroptosis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis will contribute to the development of new treatment strategies for these diseases or injuries.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benedetta Russo, Marika Menduni, Patrizia Borboni, Fabiana Picconi, Simona Frontoni
Summary: This review discusses the role of the autonomic nervous system in obesity and insulin-resistance, highlighting the bi-directional effects of related mechanisms, and exploring the neural, hormonal, and nutritional mechanisms involved. Leptin is emphasized for its crucial role in appetite regulation, glucose homeostasis, and energy expenditure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhongwu Guo
Summary: GM1 is a major glycosphingolipid on the cell surface in the CNS with a wide range of functions, including cell differentiation, neuritogenesis, signal transduction, memory, and cognition. GM1 is also involved in various neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease, and may have therapeutic applications in these disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuyu Shi, Hongze Ren, Yujie Xie, Meihua Yu, Yu Chen, Liqun Yang
Summary: This article provides an overview of advanced nanoengineering technologies for the delivery of neurotherapeutics, explaining how nanotherapeutics overcome the blood-brain barriers for enhanced therapeutic effects in CNS diseases. It discusses typical paradigms of nanomaterials and their impacts on the treatment of central nervous system disorders.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Robin Souron, Jerome Morel, Laurent Gergele, Pascal Infantino, Callum G. Brownstein, Thomas Lapole, Guillaume Y. Millet
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive review of fatigue in ICU survivors and questions the potential link between ICUAW, fatigability, and fatigue. Fatigue is a pervasive and debilitating symptom in ICU survivors, with more research needed to understand the roles of ICUAW and fatigability in causing fatigue.
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dominique Figarella-Branger, Carole Colin, Nathalie Baeza-Kallee, Aurelie Tchoghandjian
Summary: This review focuses on the expression of A2B5 in the central nervous system and gliomas. A2B5 is found in neural stem cells during brain development and in neurogenic areas and white matter in adults, where it identifies oligodendrocyte precursor cells and cells with neural stem cell properties. A2B5 has been identified as an accurate marker to identify glioma cancer stem cells and its expression is positively correlated with stemness and tumor growth.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bangqi Wang, Tianshu Fang, Hongping Chen
Summary: Zinc (Zn2+) is a crucial trace element in the human body, playing a critical role in various physiological processes. It is necessary for cellular proliferation, transcription, apoptosis, growth, immunity, and wound healing. Maintaining zinc homeostasis is vital for the central nervous system, where zinc is abundantly distributed and accumulates in presynaptic vesicles. Synaptic zinc is necessary for neural transmission and is involved in neurogenesis, cognition, memory, and learning. Disruption of zinc homeostasis is associated with several central nervous system disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, depression, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, epilepsy, and traumatic brain injury. This review explores the correlation between zinc and these disorders, providing potential mechanisms and new insights for prevention and treatment.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Wenzhong Li, Dawei Chen, Nan Liu, Yongxin Luan, Shoujun Zhu, Haifeng Wang
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the vertebrate brain has a specialized lymphatic transport pathway, challenging the traditional concept of immune privilege in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite the absence of lymphatic vessels, the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatic vessels provide a unique pathway for the transport of solutes and clearance of metabolites in the brain. This specialized lymphatic drainage pathway is modulated by sleep, circadian rhythm, arterial pulsation, and other physiological factors, and undergoes significant changes under pathological conditions. These modulatory mechanisms could serve as crucial targets for the treatment of CNS disorders.
Review
Cell Biology
Noah Siddiqui, Kaori Oshima, Joseph A. Hippensteel
Summary: This review explores the pathophysiological changes caused by central nervous system injuries and emphasizes the importance of PGs and GAGs in these injuries. The article discusses the role of PGs and GAGs in acute injury and recovery, as well as potential therapeutic strategies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Joshua C. Weavil, Taylor S. Thurston, Thomas J. Hureau, Jayson R. Gifford, Soheil Aminizadeh, Hsuan-Yu Wan, Robert H. Jenkinson, Markus Amann
Summary: This study examined the impact of aging on the elastic and resistive components of the work of breathing during locomotor exercise. The findings suggest that while aging exaggerates the total work of breathing at a given metabolic rate or ventilatory rate, this difference is abolished when exercise is conducted at a given operating lung volume.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Joshua C. Weavil, Oh Sung Kwon, Ronald W. Hughen, Jie Zhang, Alan R. Light, Markus Amann
Summary: The exercise pressor reflex (EPR), a neurocirculatory control mechanism, is exaggerated in hypertensive humans and rats. Diseaserelated abnormalities within the afferent arm of the reflex loop, including mechano- and metabosensitive receptors located at the terminal end of group III/IV muscle afferents, may contribute to the dysfunctional EPR in hypertension. Using control (WKY) and spontaneous hypertensive (SHR) rats, we examined dorsal root ganglion (DRG) gene and protein expression of molecular receptors recognized as significant determinants of the EPR. The results indicate that there is higher protein expression of certain receptors in SHR, while mRNA levels are not different between the two groups. This suggests that posttranscriptional regulation of sensory receptor protein expression might be impaired in hypertension.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Massimo Venturelli, Matthew J. Rossman, Stephen J. Ives, Joshua C. Weavil, Markus Amann, D. Walter Wray, Russell S. Richardson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise-induced muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) on passive leg movement (PLM)-induced vasodilation, predominantly mediated by nitric oxide (NO). The results showed that exercise-induced sympathetic excitation significantly attenuated PLM-induced vasodilation, highlighting the dominant role of sympathetic nerve activity in regulating skeletal muscle vascular conductance.
AUTONOMIC NEUROSCIENCE-BASIC & CLINICAL
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Thomas J. Hureau, Ryan M. Broxterman, Joshua C. Weavil, Matthew T. Lewis, Gwenael Layec, Markus Amann
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between intramuscular metabolites and neuromuscular function during exercise. The results suggest that intramuscular inorganic phosphate is the primary cause of peripheral fatigue, and muscle acidosis contributes to central fatigue.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Fabio Giuseppe Laginestra, Alessandro Cavicchia, Jennifer E. Vanegas-Lopez, Chiara Barbi, Camilla Martignon, Gaia Giuriato, Anna Pedrinolla, Markus Amann, Thomas J. Hureau, Massimo Venturelli
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of central motor drive during fatiguing exercise on subsequent endurance task performance and neuromuscular fatigue development. The results suggest that central motor drive has a negligible effect on endurance performance, with peripheral fatigue being the primary determinant.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Hsuan-Yu Wan, Joshua C. Weavil, Taylor S. Thurston, Vincent P. Georgescu, Candice K. Morrissey, Markus Amann
Summary: There are differences in cardiovascular responses between men and women in response to muscle mechanorellex (MMR) and chemorellex (CR) activation. The interaction between these reflexes and its hemodynamic consequences vary between the sexes. The activation of MMR and CR by passive leg movement and exposure to hypoxia or hypercapnia showed additive effects in men and hyper-additive effects in women. The interaction of MMR and CR has significant influence on autonomic cardiovascular control, with responses differing between men and women.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Markus Amann, Simranjit K. Sidhu, Chris J. McNeil, Simon C. Gandevia
Summary: This review summarizes the changes in the corticomotoneuronal pathway during different types of exercise and discusses their relevance to the development of central fatigue, as well as the potential of non-invasive brain stimulation to enhance exercise performance.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Letter
Neurosciences
Markus Amann, Simranjit Sidhu, Chris McNeil, Simon Gandevia
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hsuan-Yu Wan, Kanokwan Bunsawat, Markus Amann
Summary: The cardiovascular response to exercise is regulated by neurocirculatory control mechanisms, including central command, baroreflex, exercise pressor reflex, and arterial chemoreflex. These mechanisms modulate autonomic nervous system activity, influencing cardiac output and vascular resistance to ensure adequate blood flow to active muscles and organs. The interaction of these mechanisms has recently gained recognition for its impact on circulation, especially in unique environments such as high altitude.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Markus Amann, Simranjit K. Sidhu, Chris J. McNeil, Simon C. Gandevia
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Taylor S. Thurston, Joshua C. Weavil, Vincent P. Georgescu, Hsuan-Yu Wan, Nathaniel M. Birgenheier, Candice K. Morrissey, Jacob E. Jessop, Markus Amann
Summary: This study investigated the role of the exercise pressor reflex (EPR) in regulating the cardiovascular response to locomotor exercise. The results showed that the EPR plays a critical role in the autonomic control of the heart, vasculature, and arterial pressure during exercise. However, it does not have a significant effect on leg blood flow in healthy, young individuals during exercise.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
