Review
Oncology
Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin Lee, Chun En Yau, Chen Ee Low, Jiaqi Li, Sara Moiz Tyebally, Weiqin Lin, Li-Ling Tan, Chia-Te Liao, Wei-Ting Chang, Matilda Xinwei Lee, Chieh-Yang Koo, Ching-Hui Sia
Summary: This PRISMA-adherent systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the progression of cardiac dysfunction and levels of natriuretic peptides, and risk of heart failure in cancer patients receiving anthracyclines. The review found that there were no significant declines in cardiac function compared to after six months of treatment cessation. Approximately one in six patients experienced significant declines in LVEF.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nicholas S. Wilcox, Seth J. Rotz, McKay Mullen, Evelyn J. Song, Betty Ky Hamilton, Javid Moslehi, Saro H. Armenian, Joseph C. Wu, June-Wha Rhee, Bonnie Ky
Summary: Sex-based differences exist in the prevalence and outcomes of cardiovascular disease and cancer. There may also be differences between males and females in the risk of cardiotoxicity following cancer therapy. However, for certain cancer treatments such as hormone therapy and immune therapy, sex-based differences have not been fully elucidated. Further research is needed to fill these knowledge gaps and guide future clinical practice.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Andrea Faggiano, Elisa Gherbesi, Daniela Cardinale, Marco Vicenzi, Stefano Carugo
Summary: Could SGLT2-i be helpful for preventing anthracycline-induced left ventricular dysfunction? The main finding is that SGLT2-i appear effective in preventing left ventricular dysfunction in a mouse model.
VASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Chuan Zhang, Zhulu Chen, Shu Qin, Yuxi Zhu, Linjie Shu, Zhong Zuo
Summary: This study investigated the incidence and risk factors of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)-related adverse cardiovascular events (ACEs) and left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) caused by ICI. The results showed that patients treated with ICI may develop multiple ACEs, including acute myocarditis, pericarditis, ECG abnormalities, and elevated cardiac biomarkers. The incidence of LVD is high after ICI treatment, and echocardiography is helpful for early detection. Hypertension or poor LV systolic or diastolic function at baseline are predictors of LVD after ICI treatment.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Konrad Teodor Sawicki, Valentina Sala, Lorenzo Prever, Emilio Hirsch, Hossein Ardehali, Alessandra Ghigo
Summary: Anthracyclines are essential in many cancer chemotherapy regimens, but their use is limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Despite over fifty years of research, the biological mechanisms underlying anthracycline cardiotoxicity remain incompletely understood. This review discusses the incidence, risk factors, types, and pathophysiology of anthracycline cardiotoxicity, along with methods for prevention and treatment, as well as recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 61, 2021
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Stefan Frantz, Moritz Jens Hundertmark, Jeanette Schulz-Menger, Frank Michael Bengel, Johann Bauersachs
Summary: Most patients survive acute myocardial infarction, but the prevalence of heart failure is increasing, leading to economic strain on healthcare systems. Pathological changes in the heart significantly impact patient outcomes. Risk factors like diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and female sex can distinctively shape the progression towards heart failure.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Husam Abdel-Qadir, Felicia Tai, Ruth Croxford, Peter C. Austin, Eitan Amir, Oscar Calvillo-Arguelles, Heather Ross, Douglas S. Lee, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan
Summary: This study focused on the prognosis of heart failure (HF) in women who developed HF after receiving anthracyclines or trastuzumab for early stage breast cancer. The results showed that patients with cardiotoxic exposure had fewer comorbidities compared to age-matched controls, and those who developed HF after trastuzumab treatment had a better prognosis than HF controls.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonardo Schirone, Daniele Vecchio, Valentina Valenti, Maurizio Forte, Michela Relucenti, Annalisa Angelini, Tania Zaglia, Sonia Schiavon, Luca DAmbrosio, Gianmarco Sarto, Rosita Stanzione, Elisa Mangione, Selenia Miglietta, Anna Di Bona, Marny Fedrigo, Alessandra Ghigo, Francesco Versaci, Vincenzo Petrozza, Simona Marchitti, Speranza Rubattu, Massimo Volpe, Junichi Sadoshima, Luigi Frati, Giacomo Frati, Sebastiano Sciarretta
Summary: Heart failure is a common side effect of doxorubicin (DOX) treatment in cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the role of the serine/threonine kinase MST1 in the development of DOX-induced heart failure. The results showed that MST1 signaling was activated in response to DOX treatment in mice and human myocardial tissue. Inhibition of MST1 attenuated DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction through the upregulation of SIRT3, a mitochondrial protection enzyme. These findings suggest that MST1 contributes to DOX-induced cardiomyopathy by downregulating SIRT3.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Prajith Jeyaprakash, Sukhmandeep Sangha, Katherine Ellenberger, Shanthosh Sivapathan, Faraz Pathan, Kazuaki Negishi
Summary: The study found that the impact of anthracyclines on patients' heart function was less than previously described with modern dosing regimens. This may improve the statistical accuracy for future clinical trials assessing the role of cardioprotective therapy.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jacqueline T. Vuong, Ashley F. Stein-Merlob, Richard K. Cheng, Eric H. Yang
Summary: Anthracyclines are important in the treatment of various cancers, but can have significant implications on cardiovascular health. As the number of cancer survivors increases, it becomes crucial to detect and treat anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Current treatment methods are based on conventional heart failure treatment, but there is a need for specific therapies for anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sebastian Rosch, Karl-Patrik Kresoja, Christian Besler, Karl Fengler, Anne Rebecca Schoeber, Maximilian von Roeder, Christian Luecke, Matthias Gutberlet, Karin Klingel, Holger Thiele, Karl-Philipp Rommel, Philipp Lurz
Summary: In this study, patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) were stratified based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), resulting in distinct morphologic and pathophysiologic subphenotypes. Patients with LVEF ranging from 50% to 60% demonstrated reduced contractility, impaired ventriculo-arterial coupling, and higher extracellular volume fraction, while patients with LVEF >60% exhibited a hypercontractile state with excessive left ventricular afterload and diminished preload reserve.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. C. Seara Fernando, Tais H. Kasai-Brunswick, H. M. Nascimento Jose, Antonio C. Campos-de-Carvalho
Summary: Anthracyclines are effective chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment, but they can cause cardiotoxicity. Accumulation of senescent cardiac cells is an emerging mechanism associated with anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Jan M. Leerink, Mabel van de Ruit, Elizabeth A. M. Feijen, Leontien C. M. Kremer, Annelies M. C. Mavinkurve-Groothuis, Yigal M. Pinto, Esther E. Creemers, Wouter E. M. Kok
Summary: In anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy, ECM remodeling plays a crucial role. A review of 68 studies in various animal models revealed differential expression of 29 proteins and 11 mRNAs related to ECM remodeling pathways. Upregulation of collagens, MMPs, inflammation markers, TGF-β signaling markers, and markers for cardiac hypertrophy, along with downregulation of the AKT pro-survival pathway, were observed in this type of cardiomyopathy.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jean Kim, Yoshito Nishimura, Jakrin Kewcharoen, James Yess
Summary: This study found a significant reduction in the incidence of chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy and the degree of left ventricular ejection fraction decline in patients who received concurrent statin therapy compared to those who received chemotherapy alone.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Andrew R. Kompa, Fay L. Khong, Yuan Zhang, Cindy Nguyen, Amanda J. Edgley, Owen L. Woodman, Grant McLachlan, Darren J. Kelly
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of NP202, a synthetic flavonol, on cardiac remodelling in a chronic model of myocardial infarction (MI). Results showed that NP202 improved left ventricular function and structure, especially at a higher dose. NP202 also reduced hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis in the non-infarct region of the myocardium.
