Article
Energy & Fuels
Marek Gryta
Summary: This paper presents the use of capillary module for sweeping gas membrane distillation. The study found that preheating the feed and increasing the air flow velocity can improve the evaporation performance and permeate flux.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yubin Wang, Xiao Liu, Jing Ge, Jun Li, Yang Jin
Summary: A minichannel membrane distillation device (MMDD) was developed to enhance the permeation flux and reduce the polarization effect. By reducing the gap size, increasing the feed temperature and flow rate, and employing countercurrent flow, the MMDD achieved a 160% increase in permeation flux and a 35% increase in temperature polarization coefficient compared to conventional membrane distillation devices.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mahmoud Badawy Elsheniti, Mohamed O. Elbessomy, Kareem Wagdy, Osama A. Elsamni, Mahmoud M. Elewa
Summary: This study aims to enhance the distillate flux of sweeping gas membrane distillation (SGMD) modules by adding turbulators in the gas channel. Results showed that using turbulators can reduce vapor concentration polarization and significantly improve distillate flux. This method increases the potential application of low-carbon technologies for heating SGMD feed.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shaozhe Zhang, Xiaolong Lu, Ziqiang Liu, Ronghua Ma, Kai Ren, Jie Gu
Summary: The feed flow state has a significant impact on temperature polarization, concentration polarization, and membrane fouling in membrane distillation. In this study, a novel braided structure for AGMD was proposed, which effectively improves the feed flow state. Comparative experiments showed that the braided module outperformed the parallel module in terms of flux, gained output ratio, concentration polarization coefficient, and membrane fouling.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Taemin Lee, Choongsik Min, Gayathri Naidu, Yuhan Huang, Ho Kyong Shon, Seung-Hyun Kim
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of SGMD for treating naturally heated saline groundwater and found that SGMD is more advantageous than RO in terms of treating saline groundwater and producing high-quality fresh water.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yunsheng Zhao, Xiangjie Chen, Omar Ramadan, Hongyu Bai, Yuehong Su, Hongfei Zheng, Saffa Riffat
Summary: This study proposes a novel solar direct-drive sweeping gas membrane distillation system with a multi-surface concentrator for families in rural areas. The optimized concentrator improves the working temperature and reduces energy loss, resulting in improved performance of the system.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mahmoud Badawy Elsheniti, Amr Ibrahim, Osama Elsamni, Mahmoud Elewa
Summary: With the demand for freshwater increasing, the disposal of highly saline water from industrial processes and seawater desalination plants has become a critical environmental issue. Reverse osmosis (RO) is not effective for high salinity feed streams over 75 g/L, but membrane distillation (MD) and pervaporation (PV) techniques have shown promise in desalinating high-salinity brines. The SGMD/SGPV technique, which uses air to carry water vapor, has lower heat loss but has not been extensively evaluated at larger scales. A pilot-scale desalination device was designed and constructed, achieving high fluxes and salt rejection at different feed salinities. It also proved to be economically competitive in water production. Overall, it provides an appealing alternative for small-scale desalination systems.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Isam Janajreh, Ussama Ali, Muhammad Hawwa
Summary: This study investigates the effect of sonication on the performance of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). A sonicated DCMD module equipped with a commercial PTFE membrane is tested, and a CFD model is developed to account for the sonication. The results show that sonication improves the flow metrics of the DCMD system, with a more pronounced effect at higher temperatures. The application of sonication impedes the development of both kinetic and thermal boundary layers, resulting in an increase in mass flux.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chuanshuai Dong, Yang Huang, Haojiang Lin, Lizhi Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a novel two-phase flow enhanced direct contact membrane distillation system and investigates the effect of two-phase flow behaviors on heat and mass transfer and membrane fouling.
Article
Thermodynamics
Olawale Makanjuola, Boor Lalia, Isam Janajreh, Raed Hashaikeh
Summary: The high energy penalty of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) technology poses a challenge for its commercial deployment. However, using Peltier devices inside the membrane module can help improve its performance. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are developed to predict the performance of the thermoelectric-DCMD module and conduct parametric analysis.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hua Jiang, Anthony P. Straub, Vasiliki Karanikola
Summary: Membrane distillation is a thermal process for phase separation, and sweeping gas membrane distillation is a compact and efficient alternative to remove volatile compounds. The energetic analysis of humidity-assisted SGMD in this study shows that it can achieve over 90% ammonia removal rate at high air-to-water ratios while maintaining low energy consumption, making it a promising method compared to conventional ammonia stripping processes.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Seyed Abouzar Mousavi, Zahra Arab Aboosadi, Amir Mansourizadeh, Bizhan Honarvar
Summary: Highly porous polyetherimide (PEI) hollow fiber membranes were prepared and modified with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to enhance surface hydrophobicity. The PEI-PDMS membrane showed high permeation flux and good antifouling properties during the membrane distillation process for methylene blue separation.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jingcheng Cai, Yi Luo, Jiaming Chen, Fei Guo
Summary: Membrane distillation technique has potential for treating highly concentrated aqueous solutions, but crystallization and fouling on the membrane surface can impact its separation performance. This study designed a long-distance membrane distillation module to investigate the gradual evolution of crystallization fouling and proposed a model to estimate its position.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Pon C. K. Pavithiran, Govindaraj Kumaresan, Raju Abraham, Ravichandran Santosh, Ramalingam Velraj
Summary: This study successfully generated freshwater using the direct contact membrane distillation technique powered by an evacuated tube solar collector. The research investigated the optimal conditions for fluid flow rate and temperature to maximize freshwater productivity. Experimental results demonstrated that under specific feed and permeate flow rate conditions, the system achieved high freshwater production.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Zhong Sheng Tai, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman, Khong Nee Koo, Juhana Jaafar
Summary: Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermal and membrane process that uses a hydrophobic membrane to separate volatile solutes at high temperatures. Although MD has excellent separation efficiency at low pressure, its commercialization has been hindered by low flux performance. This article reviews four key membrane innovations that could enhance the flux performance of MD and provides an update-to-date review of high-flux MD membrane innovations. The economic potential of MD membranes is also addressed.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Samaira Aziz, Nasir Ali, Iftikhar Ahmad, Umar F. Alqsair, Sami Ullah Khan
Summary: Due to enhanced thermal aspects, nanofluids have novel applications in various engineering phenomena. This study proposes the thermal features of Eyring-Powell nanomaterials and analyzes the impact of nonlinear mixed convection. Heat transfer enhancement is achieved by utilizing thermal radiation and magnetic force features. The effects of material fluid parameter and magnetic parameter on velocity components are conflicting. The radiation parameter significantly improves heat transfer.
WAVES IN RANDOM AND COMPLEX MEDIA
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
F. A. Essa, A. S. Abdullah, Wissam H. Alawee, A. Alarjani, Umar F. Alqsair, S. Shanmugan, Z. M. Omara, M. M. Younes
Summary: This study improves the performance of tubular solar stills by using nanoparticle coating, parabolic solar concentrators, and phase change materials. The experimental results show that this improved design increases productivity, thermal efficiency, and reduces cost compared to conventional solar stills.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Abdelkader Saad Abdullah, Wissam Hameed Alawee, Suha Abdelilah Mohammed, Umar Fahed Alqsair, Hayder Abed Dhahad, Fadl Abdelmonem Essa, Zakaria Mohamed Omara
Summary: In this paper, a simple and inexpensive modification was made to improve the productivity of tubular solar stills. By tilting the glass cylinder and using nanomaterials and phase change material, the modified solar still showed higher daily productivity and thermal efficiency compared to the original design.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Weidong Li, Mustafa K. Suhayb, Lakshmi Thangavelu, Haydar Abdulameer Marhoon, Inna Pustokhina, Umar F. Alqsair, A. S. El-Shafay, May Alashwal
Summary: This study performed simulations to predict the adsorption capacity of a nanocomposite material, aiming to save time and cost in actual adsorption experiments. Two machine learning techniques were developed to correlate adsorption parameters with the adsorption capacity. Simple models, AdaBoost and GA optimization models, were chosen to enhance the modeling results due to the small dataset. The final results showed high efficiency with low error rates.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaolei Zhu, Xiaoping Wang, Kuili Liu, Sihua Zhou, Umar F. Alqsair, A. S. El-Shafay
Summary: A novel methodology for simulating and computing species adsorption on ordered nanoporous materials was developed. Using artificial intelligence techniques, an advanced predictive model for predicting the adsorption behavior of Cr (VI) ions on a nanocomposite material was successfully developed.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Muapper Alhadri, Ibrahim Alatawi, Fuhaid Alshammari, Mohamed A. Haleem, Ashraf Mohamed Ahmed Heniegal, Gamal B. Abdelaziz, Mohamed M. Z. Ahmed, Umar F. Alqsair, A. E. Kabeel, Mohamed Elashmawy
Summary: This study developed a simple and low-cost solar tracking system for assisting the tubular solar still. By utilizing light-dependent resistors, the system ensures continuous tracking of sunlight, resulting in higher freshwater productivity. The low cost and high potential for reduction make this system suitable for rural and isolated communities with limited infrastructure.
JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ibrahim Alatawi, Tayyab Subhani, Mohamed M. Z. Ahmed, Umar F. Alqsair, A. S. Abdullah, Mohamed Elashmawy
Summary: Water scarcity and desertification pose a real threat to many countries. Solar water desalination is a suitable solution for the future, but more research effort is needed. This study investigated the effect of adding vertical fins with wicks to a tubular solar still integrated with a parabolic concentrator solar tracking system. Field experiments in Saudi Arabia showed that this strategy significantly increased the device's yield and efficiency while reducing the production cost per liter of freshwater.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. S. El-Shafay, Umar F. Alqsair, S. M. Abdel Razek, M. S. Gad
Summary: This study investigates the effects of diesel-palm biodiesel blends on performance, combustion, and emissions in a diesel engine under varying engine loads. Artificial Neural Network is used for prediction, showing that palm biodiesel blends achieve the best results in terms of engine performance, combustion, and emission reductions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Pingping Xu, Umar F. Alqsair, A. S. El-Shafay
Summary: Providing more numerical analysis from process engineering can build up a master machine learning method that covers many process engineering with different operational conditions. This method stores huge data sets in the form of mathematical equations, avoiding the occupation of computer memory. The results show that the ANFIS method can accurately predict the gas fraction.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Fadl A. Essa, Wissam H. Alawee, Suha A. Mohammed, Hayder A. Dhahad, A. S. Abdullah, Umar F. Alqsair, Z. M. Omara, M. M. Younes
Summary: The study introduced a modified pyramid solar still with changes to the absorber, wick materials, and the addition of external mirrors and a condenser. Results showed a 40% increase in evaporative surface area and improved performance with the suggested use of jute cloth material. The best performance was achieved with mirrors and condenser, leading to a significant improvement in productivity and distiller efficiency.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yu-Ming Chu, M. Ijaz Khan, Tasawar Abbas, Maawiya Ould Sidi, Khalid Abdulkhaliq M. Alharbi, Umar F. Alqsair, Sami Ullah Khan, M. Riaz Khan, M. Y. Malik
Summary: This study numerically investigated the thermal evaluation of a hybrid nanofluid containing four types of nanoparticles under the influence of non-uniform heat source/sink and inclined magnetic field. The results showed the effect of parameters on heat transfer rate, wall shear force, and Nusselt number.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mehdi Ghalambaz, Mutabe Aljaghtham, Ali J. Chamkha, Abdelkader Abdullah, Umar Alqsair, Mohammad Ghalambaz
Summary: A new design of fast charging latent heat thermal energy storage is proposed, which utilizes pressurized and heated liquid PCM to accelerate the charging process. Two layers of metal foam are added to further enhance the thermal charging process. The study investigates the impact of foam porosity, foam ratio, and layer placement on the design, and finds that high porosity metal foam can significantly reduce the charging time by forming a liquid PCM film between the inlet and outlet ports.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Umar F. Alqsair, A. S. Abdullah, A. S. El-Shafay, Hitesh Panchal
Summary: The finite element method is used in this research to simulate a 2D single-slope desalination system (DLN). A hybrid composite of nanodiamond and nickel nanoparticles is added to the DLN system's chamber, and a two-phase mixture model is employed for simulation. By adjusting the glass angle, wall height, and ambient temperature of the DLN system, the heat transfer coefficient (HTCT), humidity, mean temperature (TMN), and vapor circulation within the system are examined. Artificial intelligence is applied to determine the TMN for different variables. Results show that the highest TMN and HTCT of the DLN system are attained between the 8th and 9th hour of operation. Increasing the glass angle and chamber height result in a decrease in HTCT. The maximum HTCT is achieved at an ambient temperature of 10 degrees Celsius, and it decreases as the ambient temperature increases. Similarly, the highest humidity is associated with an ambient temperature of 10 degrees Celsius, and increasing the ambient temperature significantly reduces the humidity level.
ENGINEERING ANALYSIS WITH BOUNDARY ELEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
A. S. El-Shafay, A. S. Abdullah, Umar F. Alqsair, Z. M. Omara
Summary: This study investigates the impact of a twisted turbulator (TT) on the thermo-hydraulic performance (THP) of a dual-tube heat exchanger (HE) containing a two-phase (TP) SWCNT-SiO2/water hybrid nanofluid (HNF) using the finite volume method (FVM). Numerical simulation is conducted using the Eulerian model and the second-order upwind method for discretization. The results show significant improvements in the average Nusselt number (Nuave) and pressure drop (Ap) when the TT is used, particularly at high Reynolds numbers (Re) and volume concentrations (VC).
ENGINEERING ANALYSIS WITH BOUNDARY ELEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
M. S. Gad, A. S. El-Shafay, Umar F. Alqsair, Umit Agbulut, El-Awady Attia
Summary: In this study, biodiesel was produced from waste chicken fat and its usability as an alternative fuel was discussed. The biodiesel was blended with conventional diesel fuel and tested in a diesel engine. The results showed that the addition of the biodiesel decreased engine brake power and thermal efficiency, but increased exhaust gas temperature and specific fuel consumption. However, it also reduced hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and smoke concentrations, while increasing nitrogen oxide emissions. The study also conducted multi-criteria decision-making to determine the optimal blending ratio and engine speed range for improved combustion and emission characteristics.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Arvin Sohrabi, Mousa Meratizaman, Shuli Liu
Summary: This paper simulates and discusses possible solutions to improve the economic and technical performances of a battery-less renewable energy-powered BWRO system under real climate conditions. The study finds that the photovoltaic-based system performs better in terms of specific energy consumption and unused energy ratio.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chunlan Pan, Xiaoyin Hu, Vishal Goyal, Theyab R. Alsenani, Salem Alkhalaf, Tamim Alkhalifah, Fahad Alturise, Hamad Almujibah, H. Elhosiny Ali
Summary: This paper introduces a novel waste heat recovery method using the hot flue gas from a ship's engine to produce liquefied hydrogen while meeting the ship's air-conditioning requirement. A comprehensive feasibility assessment is conducted and an artificial neural network with a multiobjective grey wolf optimization method is used for optimization. The findings indicate the highest mean sensitivity index of the flash temperature and the best optimization scenario for exergy efficiency, CO2 emission reduction, and liquefied hydrogen cost.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Daniele Chinello, Jan Post, Louis C. P. M. de Smet
Summary: In this study, PVDF-based anion-exchange membranes were designed to selectively separate nitrate from chloride. Experimental data showed that increasing the concentration of PVDF enhanced nitrate transport but also increased the membrane electrical resistance. The selectivity of nitrate was found to be independent of the membrane thickness and mainly driven by the increased affinity between the anion and the membrane.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Umar Noor, Muhammad Fayyaz Farid, Ammara Sharif, Amna Saleem, Zubair Nabi, Muhammad Furqan Mughal, Kiran Abbas, Toheed Ahmed
Summary: Global water scarcity is increasing, and water desalination is an important solution. Multifunctional advanced materials, such as membrane materials and solar-driven desalination, play a crucial role in water desalination. Additionally, these materials can be used for water purification, wastewater treatment, and pollutant elimination.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Emrah Gumus
Summary: With growing global concerns about climate change and environmental impacts, the use of nuclear energy in naval vessels offers a cleaner and more efficient solution to reduce emissions and address water and energy supply challenges. This study explores a novel system that combines a nuclear-driven supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle with reverse osmosis cogeneration to meet the water and electricity demands in maritime operations, enhancing the sustainability, efficiency, and self-sufficiency of naval vessels. The results indicate that the system has the potential to be a viable and effective solution for naval operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dao Thi Thanh Huyen, Saikat Sinha Ray, Young -Nam Kwon
Summary: This study focuses on the modification of a commercially available polyamide thin-film composite membrane with a zwitterionic material to enhance its fouling resistance. The modified membrane shows improved salt rejection and reduced permeability compared to the pristine membrane. Fouling tests demonstrate that the modified membrane has a lower fouling ratio and higher recovery ratio. The enhanced antifouling characteristics are attributed to the improved hydrophilicity resulting from the zwitterionic brushes and the salting-in effect.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Niklas Koeller, Lukas Mankertz, Selina Finger, Christian J. Linnartz, Matthias Wessling
Summary: This study presents a methodology to scale up Flow-electrode Capacitive Deionization (FCDI) technology from lab-scale to pilot-scale systems. By increasing membrane area and using a stacking approach, the FCDI modules were successfully scaled up and achieved a salt transfer rate comparable to lab-scale systems. This provides a foundation for future assessments of energy demand and economics.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mona Gulied, Sifani Zavahir, Tasneem Elmakki, Hyunwoong Park, Guillermo Hijos Gago, Ho Kyong Shon, Dong Suk Han
Summary: This study introduces a novel hybrid system that combines direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and electrically switched ion exchange (ESIX) to facilitate seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brine enrichment and selective lithium recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhiqiang Zhang, Ruifeng Deng, Jiao Zhang, Lu She, Guangfeng Wei, Renyong Jia, Pengyu Xiang, Siqing Xia
Summary: A transmembrane electro-chemisorption system with authigenic acid and base was developed for enhancing ammonia recovery from strong ammonia wastewater. The system efficiently transformed ammonium into free ammonia, which was then adsorbed and recovered through transmembrane chemisorption. This system yielded pure (NH4)2SO4 product and produced valuable byproducts of pure hydrogen and oxygen. Higher applied voltage resulted in better ammonia recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alena Popova, Sandrine Boivin, Takuji Shintani, Takahiro Fujioka
Summary: This study aimed to produce a high-integrity RO membrane by forming a polyamide skin layer on a TE support layer, in order to enhance the integrity of the membrane and improve the microbiological safety of potable water reuse.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sanjana Yagnambhatt, Saber Khanmohammadi, Jonathan Maisonneuve
Summary: This study investigates the concept of using heat to enhance reverse osmosis (RO) desalination. The effect of temperature on water permeate flux, specific energy, permeate quality, and applied operating pressures is evaluated using an analytical model. The results suggest that under specific conditions, the tradeoff between savings in mechanical pump work and thermal energy input in thermally-enhanced RO can be favorable, leading to overall energy savings.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiangju Si, Chenrui Xue, Shun Li, Linchao Yang, Weiwei Li, Jie Yang, Jihong Lan, Ningbo Sun
Summary: To meet the huge demand for lithium resources, there is an urgent need to develop a new efficient technology for lithium recovery from salt-lake brines. In this study, a selective membrane capacitive deionization system is reported, which achieves high lithium recovery capacity and rate through the use of materials with efficient intercalated pseudo-capacitance and a high specific area porous carbon. The use of a modified thin-coated membrane allows for selective Li+ recovery, and adjusting the concentrations of Li+ and Mg2+ in the feed solution enables higher Li+/Mg2+ selectivity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mohamed R. Salem, R. Y. Sakr, Ghazy M. R. Assassa, Omar A. Aly
Summary: This research proposes a new method of using wasted thermal energies as an additional heating source for solar still distillation units (SSDUs) to increase productivity and reduce pollution and global warming. By testing two SSDUs, the study shows that heating airflow can raise temperatures, enhance freshwater production, and improve system thermal efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qimeng Sun, Miao Sun, Linyan Yang, Yuan Gao, Xinghai Zhou, Lihua Lyu, Chunyan Wei
Summary: This study presents an innovative design and fabrication of a fabric-based conical roll (FCR) evaporator, which enables low-temperature evaporation and achieves high evaporation efficiency with excellent thermal management ability. The evaporator has demonstrated advanced light-harvesting capability and can produce freshwater that meets drinking water standards, showing great potential for applications in desalination and sewage treatment.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yidong Zhang, Wangfang Deng, Meiyan Wu, Chao Liu, Guang Yu, Qiu Cui, Pedram Fatehi, Chunlin Xu, Bin Li
Summary: In this study, a novel polydopamine-functionalized lignin-containing pulp foam evaporator with high-efficiency desalination and multi-contaminant adsorption capabilities was designed. The foam evaporator showed excellent light absorption, water absorption, thermal conductivity, and chelation abilities, allowing for solar evaporation and contaminant adsorption synergistically. It also exhibited potential applications in metal ion concentration and contaminated seawater treatments, and demonstrated superior biodegradability compared to poly-styrene foam. This foam material holds promise for developing multifunctional photo-thermal systems for solar-driven water purification.