Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kai Girod, Heiko Lohmann, Stefan Kaluza
Summary: An on-site laboratory with direct access to cleaned and conditioned steel mill gases has recently been put into operation to investigate the long-term performance and stability of Clariant's MegaMax (R) 800 methanol synthesis catalyst utilizing steel mill gases. Initial test results indicate that in order to study deactivation mechanisms of the cleaned steel mill gases' particular properties, the overlaying effect of the thermal deactivation of the catalyst needs to be minimized.
CHEMIE INGENIEUR TECHNIK
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ankur Gaikwad, Daniel Maga, Stefan Schluter
Summary: The Carbon2Chem project aims to use industrial waste gases as a carbon source for chemical production. By comparing the impacts of integrated production and traditional production, it is found that Carbon2Chem technologies can reduce the global warming impact. Optimizing the demand for external hydrogen is key to minimizing the global warming impact of chemicals.
CHEMIE INGENIEUR TECHNIK
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Johanna Kleinekorte, Matthias Leitl, Christian Zibunas, Andre Bardow
Summary: Both the global steel and chemical industries contribute significantly to industrial greenhouse gas emissions, with GHG emissions strongly related to the consumption of fossil resources. The climate-optimal utilization of steel mill off-gases can reduce fossil resource consumption and GHG emissions. The study shows that the optimal utilization of steel mill off-gases depends on the carbon footprint of electricity. By coupling the global steel and chemical industry, industrial GHG emissions can be greatly reduced.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Johannes Michael Voss, Torben Daun, Christian Geitner, Stefan Schlueter, Tim Schulzke
Summary: A demonstration plant for methanol synthesis using steel mill gases was operated continuously for 5 weeks, with temperature profiles and gas compositions being measured online. The results from simulation and experiments showed good agreement.
CHEMIE INGENIEUR TECHNIK
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Florian Nestler, Johannes Full, Jan-Marc Jaeckle, Johannes Linsenmeier, Johanna Roob, Max J. Hadrich, Achim Schaadt
Summary: Utilizing the gas streams produced by the iron and steel industry to synthesize synthetic fuels or chemicals is a promising way to start a technical carbon cycle. However, synthesizing methanol from cleaned blast furnace gas is challenging due to the high inert gas content and fluctuations in gas supply. In this study, a mini-plant setup with an adiabatic quench bed reactor was used to operate cleaned blast furnace gas under various process conditions. Experimental data was used to validate a simulation model for optimizing process operational parameters, showing a high agreement between experimental and simulation data.
CHEMIE INGENIEUR TECHNIK
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Martin Peters, Christian Geitner, Birte Friederike Verhoeven
Summary: In this study, a bench-scale electric swing adsorption plant was used to investigate the electrothermal desorption behavior. Technically relevant factors such as maximum electric power, purge gas flow, and desorption temperature were varied. The study was planned using a central composite design for the experiments. Different quality criteria were defined to describe the macroscopic behavior of the desorption process. The results were used to develop correlating models through multiple linear regression, which can accurately predict energy demand, purge gas total volume, and desorption time.
CHEMIE INGENIEUR TECHNIK
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jie Mei, Guangya Hou, Huibin Zhang, Qiang Chen, Huazhen Cao, Yiping Tang, Jianli Zhang, Guoqu Zheng
Summary: The porous dendritic NiCu@PPy/316L stainless steel mesh electrode was prepared using dynamic hydrogen bubble template electrodeposition and cyclic voltammetry electrodeposition of polypyrrole (PPy) conductive polymer. The dynamic hydrogen bubbles successfully assisted the formation of porous structures in the Ni-based deposition layer. Furthermore, the morphology of the resulting Ni-based layer evolved into dendritic with high specific surface area after Cu doping. Eventually, 2-NiCu/SSM achieved current densities of 294.5 mA·cm(-2) (MOR) and 278.6 mA·cm(-2) (UOR) at 0.8 V, respectively. The PPy coating prevented the agglomeration of NiCu particles in the catalytic layer and improved the persistence of the electrochemical performance. After 2000 cycles, the current densities of 2-NiCu @PPy/SSM in the new electrolyte were maintained at 89.1% (MOR) and 94.8% (UOR) of the original value, with a 10% increase for MOR and a 7% increase for UOR compared to the sample without PPy coating (2-NiCu /SSM).
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Eleni Heracleous, Vasiliki Koidi, Angelos A. Lappas, Alexander Hauser, Stephane Haag
Summary: The use of steel-work off-gases as a CO2 source for methanol production is a promising strategy for decarbonizing the steel industry. However, typical impurities in the off-gases, such as sulfur, nitrogen, sodium, calcium, and iron, can reduce the activity of a commercial catalyst. The presence of sulfur and nitrogen has less critical impact on the catalyst performance compared to other impurities.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Karsten Bueker, Olaf von Morstein, Oemer Yildirim, Andreas Frey, Christian Voss, Andreas Geisbauer
Summary: This paper summarizes important aspects of designing and operating the gas treatment pilot plant at the Carbon2Chem (R) technical center in Duisburg, including thorough removal of contaminants, production of synthesis gas, efficient purification and conditioning of the gases, enhancement of flexibility, and scale-up issues.
CHEMIE INGENIEUR TECHNIK
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Connor Lenihan, Aaram J. Kim, Fedor S. imkovic Iv, Evgeny Kozik
Summary: Diagrammatic Monte Carlo offers an unbiased probe of continuous phase transitions, allowing the detection of the transition with controlled error bars from an analysis of the series coefficients alone. Using the example of the Neel transition in the 3D Hubbard model, the method surpasses finite-size techniques at low temperatures and allows for mapping the phase diagram in the doped regime.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lucia Rigamonti, Elisabetta Brivio
Summary: This study evaluates the environmental impacts of using steel mill gases to produce methanol and electricity. The results show that avoiding the traditional production processes and using methanol can have significant benefits for the environment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jie Zou, Chunyan Fan, Xiu Liu, Lei Wang
Summary: In this study, we conducted grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the adsorption of methane in deformable ink-bottle pores with varying sizes. Our simulations provide insights into the width change of the wide and narrow sections in the ink-bottle pores during adsorption, as well as the solvation pressure exerted by the adsorbates on the pore walls. We found that the deformation of the neck or cavity is not solely determined by the solvation pressure directly exerted on it, but also influenced by a bonded effect between the two sections of the ink-bottle pores.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Evangelos Delikonstantis, Panagiotis Vettas, Fabio Cameli, Marco Scapinello, Anton Nikiforov, Guy B. Marin, Kevin M. Van Geem, Georgios D. Stefanidis
Summary: The conversion of CO2 in steel mill off-gases to syngas using nanosecond pulsed discharges at atmospheric pressure is an effective way to reduce the environmental impact of the steelmaking process. Experimental results show that CO2 conversion is affected by H2 excess, interelectrode distance, and specific energy input (SEI). It is recommended to use a stoichiometric H2:CO2 feed ratio for higher energy efficiency.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Tingting Xu, Zhaoyi Huo, Tong Wang, Jiawei Lv, Yixuan Han, Lin Mu
Summary: This paper presents a multiperiod mixed integer linear programming model for optimizing the gas-steam-power system in iron and steel enterprises to simultaneously optimize total cost and carbon emission reduction. The results showed that the system could achieve carbon reduction only when the total cost attained a certain value in multiobjective optimization.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Oliver Hegen, Jorge Ivan Salazar Gomez, Christina Gruenwald, Alina Rettke, Martha Sojka, Christian Klucken, Jens Pickenbrock, Jan Filipp, Robert Schloegl, Holger Ruland
Summary: This paper presents the analytical infrastructure for measuring cleaned gases and provides a detailed explanation of the composition and trace components of cleaned blast furnace gas. The necessity of continuously monitoring certain compounds in the gas matrix was proven through experimental results.
CHEMIE INGENIEUR TECHNIK
(2022)
