期刊
CHEMICAL REVIEWS
卷 120, 期 15, 页码 7065-7103出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00785
关键词
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资金
- Czech Science Foundation [18-05421S]
- Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports of the Czech Republic [LQ1601, LO1504, LTAUSA19148]
- Grant Agency of the Masaryk University [MUNI/E/1335/2019]
- Slovak Grant Agency VEGA [2/0116/17, APVV-15-0726]
- Slovak Grant Agency APVV [2/0116/17, APVV-15-0726]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy [EXC 2008/1-390540038]
- DFG collaborative research center [CRC1349, 387284271]
- CESNET [LM2015042]
- CERIT Scientific Cloud [LM2015085]
- IT4Innovations National Supercomputing Center [LM2015070]
Chemical shifts present crucial information about an NMR spectrum. They show the influence of the chemical environment on the nuclei being probed. Relativistic effects caused by the presence of an atom of a heavy element in a compound can appreciably, even drastically, alter the NMR shifts of the nearby nuclei. A fundamental understanding of such relativistic effects on NMR shifts is important in many branches of chemical and physical science. This review provides a comprehensive overview, of the tools, concepts, and periodic trends pertaining to the shielding effects by a neighboring heavy atom in diamagnetic systems, with particular emphasis on the spin-orbit heavy-atom effect on the light-atom NMR shift (SO-HALA effect). The analyses and tools described in this review provide guidelines to help NMR spectroscopists and computational chemists estimate the ranges of the NMR shifts for an unknown compound, identify intermediates in catalytic and other processes, analyze conformational aspects and intermolecular interactions, and predict trends in series of compounds throughout the Periodic Table. The present review provides a current snapshot of this important subfield of NMR spectroscopy and a basis and framework for including future findings in the field.
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