Printable and Large-Area Organic Solar Cells Enabled by a Ternary Pseudo-Planar Heterojunction Strategy

Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) processing technology has had an irreplaceable role in the development of organic solar cells (OSCs) in the past decades due to the significant advantages in achieving high-power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the difficulty in exploring and regulating morphology makes it inadequate for upscaling large-area OSCs. In this work, printable high-performance ternary devices are fabricated by a pseudo-planar heterojunction (PPHJ) strategy. The fullerene derivative indene-C(60)bisadduct (ICBA) is incorporated into PM6/IT-4F system to expand the vertical phase separation and facilitate an obvious PPHJ structure. After the addition of ICBA, the IT-4F enriches on the surface of active layer, while PM6 is accumulated underneath. Furthermore, it increases the crystallinity of PM6, which facilitates exciton dissociation and charge transfer. Accordingly, 1.05 cm(2)devices are fabricated by blade-coating with an enhanced PCE of 14.25% as compared to the BHJ devices (13.73%). The ternary PPHJ strategy provides an effective way to optimize the vertical phase separation of organic semiconductor during scalable printing methods.