期刊
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
卷 5, 期 8, 页码 995-+出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41564-020-0717-x
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资金
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFA0903400, 2018YFA0902701]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [KFZD-SW-216, XDPB0305]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31700045, 11804355, 31770111]
- Guangdong Nature Science Foundation [2018A030310010]
- Shenzhen Grants [JCYJ20170413153329565, KQTD2016112915000294, JCYJ20170818164139781, KQTD2015033117210153]
- NIH [R01 GM095903, R01 GM025326]
Growth laws emerging from studies of cell populations provide essential constraints on the global mechanisms that coordinate cell growth(1-3). The foundation of bacterial cell cycle studies relies on two interconnected dogmas that were proposed more than 50 years ago-the Schaechter-Maaloe-Kjeldgaard growth law that relates cell mass to growth rate(1) and Donachie's hypothesis of a growth-rate-independent initiation mass(4). These dogmas spurred many efforts to understand their molecular bases and physiological consequences(5-14). Although they are generally accepted in the fast-growth regime, that is, for doubling times below 1 h, extension of these dogmas to the slow-growth regime has not been consistently achieved. Here, through a quantitative physiological study of Escherichia coli cell cycles over an extensive range of growth rates, we report that neither dogma holds in either the slow- or fast-growth regime. In their stead, linear relations between the cell mass and the rate of chromosome replication-segregation were found across the range of growth rates. These relations led us to propose an integral-threshold model in which the cell cycle is controlled by a licensing process, the rate of which is related in a simple way to chromosomal dynamics. These results provide a quantitative basis for predictive understanding of cell growth-cell cycle relationships. A model using data from culturing Escherichia coli in 32 different growth media sheds light on the relationship between bacterial cell growth and the cell cycle.
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