Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
P. I. Ogungbuyi, P. E. Janney, C. Harris
Summary: The study of carbonatite, aillikite, and olivine melilitite from the Zandkopsdrift complex in Namaqualand, South Africa reveals chemical and isotopic differences, with uncertainties in differentiation history complicating estimation of primary magma compositions. A mantle plume likely played a role in the formation of these rocks through direct melts or as a heat source for pre-existing metasomatic heterogeneities.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. W. Hofmann, C. Class, S. L. Goldstein
Summary: Efforts to characterize the mantle have led to conflicting conclusions about the composition and size of different reservoirs within it. While past models assumed that the depleted MORB reservoir is limited to the upper part of the mantle, new findings suggest it exceeds 60% of the total mantle. This conflict has invalidated the classical 3-reservoir Earth model and led to the proposal of an additional enriched reservoir to reconcile discrepancies in mass balance calculations.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Andreas Stracke
Summary: Studying oceanic basalts through chemical and isotopic analysis has provided insights into mantle geochemistry, although challenges exist in overcoming sampling biases and limitations inherent in investigating mantle composition through basalts. Understanding the deviation between melts and mantle, as well as the effective range of isotopic variability in Earth's mantle, is crucial for connecting isotopic signals in basalts and deciphering geologic processes governing silicate earth evolution. Mantle depletion, driven by melt extraction and mantle processing, plays a key role in the geochemical and geodynamical evolution of Earth's mantle, highlighting the importance of better constraining mantle depletion for understanding the planet's fundamental mode of operation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohamed Osman Awaleh, Tiziano Boschetti, Abdillahi Elmi Adaneh, Mahamoud Ali Chirdon, Moussa Mahdi Ahmed, Omar Assowe Dabar, Youssouf Djibril Soubaneh, Nima Moussa Egueh, Ali Dirir Kawalieh, Ibrahim Houssein Kadieh, Mohamed Chaheire
Summary: The study reveals that the Ali-Sabieh aquifers in the East African Rift System are overexploited and contaminated with high concentrations of nitrate and sulfate, originating from anthropogenic activities and geological processes. The groundwater samples show a chemical evolution from fresh to brackish water mainly due to water-rock interaction.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shanjia Li, Hui Wang, Ling Jin, James F. White, Kathryn L. Kingsley, Wei Gou, Lijuan Cui, Fuxiang Wang, Zihao Wang, Guoqiang Wu
Summary: The study confirmed the important elements for distinguishing Angelica sinensis from different producing areas are K, Ca/Al, δ C-13, δ N-15, δ O-18. Supervised PLS-DA and LDA models were effective in distinguishing samples from different regions.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ane del Rio-Lavin, Jan Weber, Joachim Molkentin, Elisa Jimenez, Iraide Artetxe-Arrate, Miguel Angel Pardo
Summary: Determining the geographic origin of farmed mussels is important for regulators and fishing industries to prevent fraud and ensure food safety. This study used stable isotope ratio analysis and trace element fingerprinting to trace the origin of mussels harvested from different regions. The results showed significant differences in the chemical signatures of mussels from different locations, and a classification method correctly assigned 97% of individuals to their harvest location. This method has potential applications in seafood traceability and food safety.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hao Wu, Guanghui Lin, Ling Tian, Zhi Yan, Bingqing Yi, Xuehai Bian, Baohui Jin, Liqi Xie, Haichao Zhou, Karyne M. Rogers
Summary: Isotope and elemental analyses can accurately determine the geographical origin of French red wines. Using an Artificial Neural Network for wine verification achieved an accuracy of 98.2%, showing it to be more suitable than Discriminant Analysis.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xinyu Li, Guangyi Sun, Yunjie Wu, Mengying Zhou, Zhonggen Li, Xiangyang Bi, Jen -How Huang, Xinbin Feng
Summary: A systematic analysis was conducted on 159 coal samples from different regions, periods, and ranks across China, including antimony (Sb) isotopic composition, trace element contents, and total sulfur content (TS). The study discusses the origin of Sb in coal from different regions in China, highlighting the influence of hydrothermal fluid, leachate, terrigenous materials, and inorganic minerals on Sb enrichment. The establishment of the Sb isotopic fingerprint for coal is essential for researching Sb isotope fractionation and tracing Sb release and transport in the supergene eco-environment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mineralogy
Yimiao Liu, Ren Lu
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive report on the gemological characteristics, provenance-related features, and the origin of sapphire from Muling in northeastern China. The sapphire from Muling exhibits a wide spectrum of hues and saturations, with distinctive mineral inclusions and internal features. Analytical results suggest that the origin of Muling sapphire is more diverse than typical magmatic or metamorphic sources, and it has the potential to produce high-quality gem material.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Chris S. Marien, Oliver Jaeger, Jonas Tusch, Sebastian Viehmann, Jakub Surma, Martin J. Van Kranendonk, Carsten Muenker
Summary: Calcites in pillow lavas from the Pilbara Craton in northern Australia provide new insights into the composition of Archean seawater and its interaction with basaltic crust. Two types of calcites were identified based on their elemental composition and isotopic ratios, indicating different water-rock interactions. These findings are important for understanding the geochemical evolution of ancient oceans.
PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Angus Rogers, Michaela Flanigan, Oliver Nebel, Yona Nebel-Jacobsen, Xueying Wang, Richard J. Arculus, Laura Miller, Ian Smith, Ben R. Mather, Mark Kendrick, Hugh St. C. O'Neill
Summary: Thermochemical convective instabilities in the mantle, known as mantle plumes, cause mantle melting that leads to the formation of ocean island basalts (OIB). The radiogenic isotope signatures in global intraplate OIB indicate that individual plumes share enriched components resembling subducted crust and a hypothetical mantle matrix called focal zone (FOZO). Each plume produces variable volumes of melting, resulting in subaerial islands or submarine volcanoes. This study presents the first radiogenic isotope data for lavas from Lord Howe Island (LHI), revealing similarities with the nearby Tasmantid Seamounts but inconsistent with a FOZO-type source. The findings suggest a larger plume under the Tasman Sea and a genetic relation between LHI and the Tasmantid plume track.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Joy Sim, Cushla Mcgoverin, Indrawati Oey, Russell Frew, Biniam Kebede
Summary: This study utilized stable isotope and trace element analyses in combination with non-linear machine learning data analysis to classify the geographical origin of green coffee beans. The results showed good prediction of origin at the country and regional levels. However, the prediction was poor at the continental and Central American regional levels. Non-linear machine learning techniques improved accuracy and identified more relevant origin markers.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Caralie T. Brewer, William A. Rauch-Davis, Erin E. Fraser
Summary: The mortality of migratory bat species at wind energy facilities is influenced by limited knowledge of bat migratory movements. Biochemical signature analysis in bat tissues can provide valuable insights into individual bat migratory origins. This paper reviews various intrinsic marker analysis techniques for studying bat migration, emphasizing the need to explore lesser-used markers to address new study areas and research questions.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
E. Hegner, D. Alexeiev, N. Messling, T. Yu Tolmacheva, M. Willbold
Summary: The Karaterek ophiolite in the Kyrgyz Middle Tianshan is a remnant of an early Paleozoic ocean basin, providing insights into the accretionary history of the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Conodont ages indicate more than 30 million years of seafloor spreading during the Late Cambrian and Middle Ordovician. Geochemical and isotopic analyses confirm midocean ridge basalt sources and plagioclase-controlled magma fractionation. The study proposes a geodynamic model involving rifting, seafloor spreading, and plate collision events.
Article
Food Science & Technology
George P. Danezis, Constantinos A. Georgiou
Summary: This study presents the application of elemental metabolomics in determining geographical origin and the process of elemental transportation to food. The study provides guidelines and pitfalls and highlights the importance of studying ultra trace elements and isotope ratios of heavy elements. High resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is expected to be important in the future. Furthermore, the study indicates the complexity of the link between soil-plants-animal products and the need to consider food processing steps, seasonality, climate, pollution, contact materials, and organism's age in future research.
CURRENT OPINION IN FOOD SCIENCE
(2022)
